Scribd
Upload
101 views

Physics Holiday Homework

Fingerprint sensors work by scanning fingerprint ridges and gaps to create a unique pattern for identification and authentication purposes. There are two main types of fingerprint sensors - optical sensors which use light to take a digital photo of the print, and capacitive sensors which measure ridge and gap distances electrically. The sensor converts the print into a digital image that is analyzed and encoded using pattern matching software. Fingerprint biometrics are used for computer and facility access, payments, government IDs, and forensic investigations due to their security, convenience, and uniqueness compared to other authentication methods. However, they also face challenges regarding costs, privacy concerns, bias, and inaccuracies.

Uploaded by

Nischay Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
101 views

Physics Holiday Homework

Fingerprint sensors work by scanning fingerprint ridges and gaps to create a unique pattern for identification and authentication purposes. There are two main types of fingerprint sensors - optical sensors which use light to take a digital photo of the print, and capacitive sensors which measure ridge and gap distances electrically. The sensor converts the print into a digital image that is analyzed and encoded using pattern matching software. Fingerprint biometrics are used for computer and facility access, payments, government IDs, and forensic investigations due to their security, convenience, and uniqueness compared to other authentication methods. However, they also face challenges regarding costs, privacy concerns, bias, and inaccuracies.

Uploaded by

Nischay Verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

FINGERPRINT

SENSORS
Nischay Verma
XII-D
17
AV-2082/2010
Introduction
A fingerprint scanner is a type of technology that identifies and authenticates the fingerprints
of an individual in order to grant or deny access to a computer system or a physical facility.
It is a type of biometric security technology that utilizes the combination of hardware and
software techniques to identify the fingerprint scans of an individual.
Principle Involved
The working principle of the fingerprint sensor mainly depends on the processing. The
fingerprint processing mainly includes two elements namely enrollment and matching. In
fingerprint enrolling, every user requires to place the finger twice.
So that the system will check the finger images to process as well as to generate a pattern of
the finger and it will be stored. When matching, a user places the finger using an optical
sensor then the system will produce a pattern of the finger & compares it with the finger
library templates.
Theory
There are two three ways of scanning fingers. An optical scanner works by shining  a bright
light over your fingerprint and taking what is effectively a digital photograph. If you've
ever photocopied your hand, you'll know exactly how this works. Instead of producing a dirty
black photocopy, the image feeds into a computer scanner. The scanner uses a light-sensitive
microchip (either a CCD, charge-coupled device, or a CMOS image sensor) to produce a
digital image. The computer analyzes the image automatically, selecting just the fingerprint,
and then uses sophisticated pattern-matching software to turn it into a code.
Theory
Another type of scanner, known as a capacitive scanner, measures your finger electrically.
When your finger rests on a surface, the ridges in your fingerprints touch the surface while the
hollows between the ridges stand slightly clear of it. In other words, there are varying
distances between each part of your finger and the surface below. A capacitive scanner builds
up a picture of your fingerprint by measuring these distances. While capacitive scanners are
faster and more secure than optical ones, they don't work well in moisture (if your fingers are
wet) and they can be damaged by static electricity.
Diagram
Working
The sensor avails a light-penetrating microprocessor that can either be a charge-coupled device or a CCD,
or a CMOS image sensor. In doing so, this creates a digital picture. Following this, the processor
examines the image mechanically, choosing just the fingerprint, and then uses refined pattern-identical
software to turn it into encryption.
This is merely how one type of scanner works. In the other kind, i.e., the capacitive type of scanners, the
scanner scans the gaps between our ridges.
So when a person places his or her hand on any object, the ridges are the part that touches the surface.
Therefore, these ridges are logged and the gaps distances are measured. In this way, the pattern is
recorded. In other words, it means the distance between two ridges that never came in contact with the
surface is noted down.
Applications

• Biometrics Sensors are used in a variety of commercial applications like computer login,
electronic data security, internet access, credit cards, ATMs, mobile phones, etc.
• Several Government applications like ID Cards, driver’s license, passport etc.
• Law enforcement and forensic applications like identification of culprits, corpses,
parenthood determination etc.
Advantages
• High security and assurance – Biometric identification provides the answers to “something a
person has and is” and helps verify identity
• User Experience – Convenient and fast
• Non-transferrable – Everyone has access to a unique set of biometrics
• Spoof-proof – Biometrics are hard to fake or steal
Disadvantages
• Costs – Significant investment needed in biometrics for security
• Data breaches – Biometric databases can still be hacked
• Tracking and data – Biometric devices like facial recognition systems can limit privacy for
users
• Bias – Machine learning and algorithms must be very advanced to minimize biometric
demographic bias
• False positives and inaccuracy – False rejects and false accepts can still occur preventing
select users from accessing systems
Conclusion
The conclusion of the report is the fingerprint sensor authentication is the key to solve many
problems related to fake entries and security attacks there seems to be some exits some
disadvantages over the advantages for using fingerprint sensor this is one reason why such
systems are yet not widely used but the advantages mentioned above are so important and
people want to benefit from them that the disadvantages will be more and more reduced in
future the fingerprint is the only biometric type which is very easy to take handle and operated
using recent developments in image processing
Bibliography
• www.google.com
• www.miteksystems.com
• www.electronicshub.org
• www.circuitstoday.com
• www.lifewire.com

You might also like