WELCOME TO

QUARTER 2!
Q2 - Most Essential
Learning Competencies
1 Gathers manifestoes and analyzes the arguments
used by the writer/s (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-3)
2 Defends a stand on an issue by presenting
reasonable arguments supported by properly cited
factual evidences (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-4)
3 Writes various kinds of position papers
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-5)
Q2 - Most Essential
Learning Competencies
4 Determines the objectives and structures of
various kinds of reports (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-
6)
5 Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-7)
6 Conducts surveys, experiments or observations
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-8)
7 Gathers information from surveys, experiments,
or observations (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-9)
Q2 - Most Essential
Learning Competencies
8 Summarizes findings and executes the report
through narrative and visual/graphic forms
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-j-11)
9 Writes various reports (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIe-
j-12)
THE ARGUMENT
PART 1
MELC
• Gathers manifestoes and analyzes the
arguments used by the writer/s
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-IIa-d-3)
Pre-Activity
1. What claim is each photo making?
2. What network of issues do these visual
texts suggest?
3. What background information about the
problems of illegal immigration do these
photos assume?
4. What puzzling questions do these visual
texts raise for you?
What is an argument?
• It is NOT a fight or quarrel.
• It can be explicit or implicit.
What is an argument?
• It involves the process of…
• establishing a claim, then
• proving it with the use of
logical reasoning,
examples, and
research.
What is an argument?
• A coherent series of reasons,
statements, or facts intended to
support or establish a point of view
(Merriam-Webster, 2020)
• Thus, writers used these arguments
to present their ideas or beliefs on
certain principles.
What is an argument?
• Always consider that opinions include
words of judgment or personal
preference when deciding if a
statement is a fact or an opinion.

• Opinions, facts, and incorrect

information (Mondez and Suarez 2016)
What is NOT ARGUABLE
• Statement of Fact – Most facts can be verified
through research.
• Even simple facts can sometime be argued
(incorrect information).
What is NOT ARGUABLE
• OPINIONS
• include claims of personal taste (favored food,
color, etc.) – value judgments using arguable
criteria

• statements of belief or faith

• If someone accepts a claim as a matter of deeply
held religion or cultural belief, then for that person,
the claim is true and cannot be refuted. (e.g., UFO)
TRIPLE THREAT
ACTIVITY!
TRIPLE THREAT ACTIVITY!
• Indicate F if the statement is a given
Fact, O if the statement is an Opinion,
and IF if the statement is an Incorrect
Information.
COVID-19 pandemic created a chaotic situation
in many parts of the world.
COVID-19 pandemic created a chaotic situation
in many parts of the world.

• STATEMENT OF FACT

• This is objective. It is not influenced by personal

feelings or judgment
The movie “Flor Contemplacion
Story” is very dull.
The movie “Flor Contemplacion
Story” is very dull.

• STATEMENT OF OPINION

• This opinion is subjective. It is based on or

influenced by personal beliefs or feelings.
The Philippines has a total of
7,107 islands.
The Philippines has a total of
7,107 islands.

• STATEMENT WITH INCORRECT

INFORMATION

• Approximately, there are 7,641 islands already.

The loveteam of Maine Mendoza and Alden
Richards once ruled the noontime show Eat Bulaga.
The loveteam of Maine Mendoza and Alden
Richards once ruled the noontime show Eat Bulaga.

• STATEMENT OF FACT
The Mall of Asia is the most beautiful shopping
center in the Philippines.
The Mall of Asia is the most beautiful shopping
center in the Philippines.

• STATEMENT OF OPINION
Regine Velasquez- Alcacid is tagged as Asia’s
Songbird.
Regine Velasquez- Alcacid is tagged as Asia’s
Songbird.

• STATEMENT OF FACT
All my teachers from elementary to senior high school are
brilliant because he knows everything about the subject matter.
All my teachers from elementary to senior high school are
brilliant because he knows everything about the subject matter.

• STATEMENT OF OPINION
People are unique and have individual
differences.
People are unique and have individual
differences.

• STATEMENT OF FACT

• The field of psychology has various theories on

multiple intelligences and varied personalities.
My classmate is beautiful; at the same time, a
good singer.
My classmate is beautiful; at the same time, a
good singer.

• STATEMENT OF OPINION

• Beauty is subjective. Unless you’re a music expert,

your statement will remain an opinion.
In the world of beauty pageants, the Philippines
has produced three (3) Miss Universe winners.
In the world of beauty pageants, the Philippines
has produced three (3) Miss Universe winners.

• STATEMENT WITH INCORRECT

INFORMATION

• There are four: Gloria Diaz, Margie Moran, Pia

Wurtzbach, and Catriona Gray.
Some schools in Angeles City offer
Technical-vocational Courses for SHS.
Some schools in Angeles City offer
Technical-vocational Courses for SHS.

• STATEMENT OF FACT
Session 2
THE ARGUMENT
PART 2
The Importance of Organization in
an Argument

 Guides an audience through your reasoning

process.

 Offers a clear explanation of each argued

point.

 Demonstrates the credibility of the writer.

ANALYZING
ARGUMENT
S

• You judge someone

else's logic as you
"Analyze an Argument.“
• You will analyze the
author's case's logic by
evaluating both the use
of evidence and logical
connections.
IDENTIFYING
ARGUMENTS

• Two parts:

1. Firstly, a claim or
statement that
summarizes the main
idea
2. Secondly, reasons why
that claim is accurate, or
evidence to support that
claim.
 1) Read the argument and
instructions carefully.
Steps for 2) Identify the argument's
Analyzing claims, conclusions, and
underlying assumptions.
the Evaluate their quality.
Argument
3) Think of as many alternative
explanations and
counterexamples as you can.
 4) Think of what specific
additional evidence might
Steps for weaken or lend support to
the claims.
Analyzing
the 5) Ask yourself what
Argument changes in the argument
would make the reasoning
more sound (better).
Points for Analysis
•In reading the author's argument, consider
the following:
 What evidence is given?
 What conclusions are made?
 What assumptions (likely not stated) are made?
 What ramifications (consequences or
outgrowth) would necessarily follow from the
author's argument?
Example:
Reflective writing can help students become
better thinkers. It can help students see that
ideas are meant to be discussed and debated.
Bridges and Jost (2019) found that students
who did weekly reflective journal writing
about their course content for a semester could
analyze course concepts at a deeper level than
those who didn’t.
Example:
CLAIM
Reflective writing can help students become
better thinkers.
It can help students see that ideas are meant
to be discussed and debated.
Bridges and Jost (2019) found that students
who did weekly reflective journal writing
about their course content for a semester
could analyze course concepts at a deeper
level than those who didn’t.
Example:
Reflective writing can help students become
better thinkers.
EXPANDED CLAIM
It can help students see that ideas are meant
to be discussed and debated.
Bridges and Jost (2019) found that students
who did weekly reflective journal writing
about their course content for a semester
could analyze course concepts at a deeper
level than those who didn’t.
Example:
Reflective writing can help students become
better thinkers.
It can help students see that ideas are meant
to be discussed and debated.
EVIDENCE
Bridges and Jost (2019) found that students
who did weekly reflective journal writing
about their course content for a semester
could analyze course concepts at a deeper
level than those who didn’t.
Performance Task #1
•Form groups of four members.
•Assume that you are explaining implicit arguments to an
international exchange student who is not yet familiar with
Philippine politics or any other global popular culture.
•Each of the implicit arguments behind given figures or
images makes a claim on its audience, trying to get
viewers to adopt the arguer’s position, perspective, belief,
or point of view on an issue.
Performance Task #1
•For each argument, answer the following questions for your new
international friend:
•1. What conversation does this argument join? What is the issue or
controversy? What is at stake?
•2. What is the argument’s claim? That is, what value, perspective,
belief, or position does the argument ask its viewers to adopt?
•3. What is the opposing or alternative view? What views is the
argument pushing against?
•4. How does the argument try to do its work on the brains or hearts
of the audience?
GROUP 1
GROUP 2
GROUP 3
GROUP 4
GROUP 5
GROUP 6
GROUP
7
GROUP 8
GROUP 9
END.