Scribd
Upload
183 views

Chapter 5 - Database Management System

DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that allows users to create, manage, and access databases. It provides an environment for users to perform operations like creating, inserting, deleting, updating, and retrieving data from the database. A database contains data organized in tables with rows and columns. DBMS has components like users, software, hardware, and data. It uses languages like SQL for defining schemas, manipulating data, and controlling access to the database. The database administrator manages the database and defines storage structures and user access.

Uploaded by

Marc Geoffrey Habab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
183 views

Chapter 5 - Database Management System

DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that allows users to create, manage, and access databases. It provides an environment for users to perform operations like creating, inserting, deleting, updating, and retrieving data from the database. A database contains data organized in tables with rows and columns. DBMS has components like users, software, hardware, and data. It uses languages like SQL for defining schemas, manipulating data, and controlling access to the database. The database administrator manages the database and defines storage structures and user access.

Uploaded by

Marc Geoffrey Habab
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

CHAPTER 5

DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
Learning Objectives
• The student will able to:

• Know about the fundamentals of Database Management


System and
• Improve ourselves by taking valuable feedbacks from you
Introduction
• DBMS stands for Database Management System.

• DBMS is a software system for creating, organizing and


managing the database.

• It provides an environment to the user to perform


operations on the database for creation, insertion,
deletion, updating and retrieval of data.
What is Data ?
• • A collection of raw facts and figures.
• • Raw material that can be processed by any computing
machine.
• • A collection of facts from which conclusions may be
drawn.
• • Data can be represented in the form of: numbers and
words which can be stored in computer’s language.

• i.e. Paan Singh, Anshul 007


What is Information?
• Systematic and meaningful form
of data.

• Knowledge acquired through


study or experience

• Information helps human


beings in their decision making.
Database
• • A repository of logically related and similar data.

• • An organized collection of related information so that it


can easily be accessed, managed and updated.

• E.g.: Dictionary Airline Database Student Database


Library Railways Timetable YouTube 
Data Models, Schema and Instances
• Data Models:
• -Describes structure of the database.
• -Aim is to support the development of information systems
by providing the definition and format of data.
• -If the same data structures are used to store and access
data then different applications can share data.

• -Classification:
• 1. High-Level Model
• 2. Representation Model
• 3. Low-Level Model
1. High-Level Model
• . High-Level Model
• • Ensures data requirement of the users.
• • Not concerned with representation, but it‟s a conceptual
form.
• • Three Important terms:
• a)Entity: - Any object, exists physically or conceptually.
• b)Attribute:- Property or characteristic of entity.
• c)Relationship:- Association or link b/w two entities.

• • These 3 terms make Entity-Relationship Model.


Entity-Relationship Model
2. Representation Model
• - Representation of data stored inside a database.
• - Describes the physical structure of the database.
• - It uses the concepts which are close to the end-users.

• Classification:
• a. Hierarchical
• b. Relational
• c. Network
Hierarchical Data Base
• Developed by IBM, is
the Oldest database
model.
• Represented using a
tree diagram (Parent-
Child Relationship)

• Node- Boxes
• Link- line connecting
nodes
Relational Database Model
• • Simplest and the most common model.
• • Developed in 1970 by E.F. Codd, it became commercial
in the 80s.
• • Data elements are stored in different tables made up of
rows and columns
 Network Database Model
• • Represented using a Data-Structure Diagram.
• • Boxes represents the records & lines the links.
•
Schema
• - Logical structure of the database.
• - Doesn‟t show the data in database.

• - Classification:
• 1. Physical
• 2. Conceptual
• 3. External
Schema
• 1.Physical Schema: -Describes the physical storage of
database. -Not in terms of blocks or devices, but
describes organization of files, access path etc.
• 2. Conceptual Schema: -Describes structure of whole
database. -Describes entities their relationships and
constraints.
• 3.External Schema: -Provides a user‟s view of data. -
Shows relevant info particular to user, hides rest of the
info. -one or more levels.

•  Instances: Actual data contained in database at a


particular point of time.
Components of Database System
• • Users- People who interact with the database:
• - Application Programmers.
• - End Users. Data
• - Data Administrators.
• -Users Components of database
• Software- Lies between the stored data
and the users:
• - Application Software.
• - User Interface.
• -Hardware Software
Components of Database System
• • Hardware- Physical device on which
database resides. Ex. Printer and
Computer

• Data- numbers, characters, pictures


• Ex. JLJM, 278, Pampanga

• Process- procedure, proceeding apply


to something that goes on or takes place
• Ex. Process Architecture
What is DBMS ?
• • A set of programs to access the interrelated data.
• • DBMS contains information about a particular enterprise.
• Computerized record keeping system.
• • Provides convenient environment to user to perform
operations:
• -Creation, Insertion, Deletion, Updating & Retrieval of
information.
Database Administrator (DBA)
• • Individual or a group, having centralized control of the
database.
• • Has a good understanding of database and coordinates
all activities of the database.
• • Functions:
• -Defines schema.
• -Defines storage structure and access method. -
Modification of both.
• -Granting user authority to access the database.
• - Monitoring performance and responding to changes.
Database Languages
• • Once data is filled, manipulation is required (insertion,
deletion, modification of data)

• • For these, a set of languages is provided by DBMS:


• 1. Data Definition Language.
• 2. Data Manipulation Language.
• 3. Data Control Language.
Database Languages -DBMS
•  1. Data Definition Language (DDL):
• -Used by DB designers to define schema.
• -DDL compiler converts DDL statements and generate a
set of tables which are stored in. e.g.: SQL
• 2. Data Manipulation Language (DML):
• -For accessing and manipulating the data. e.g.: SQL
• 3. Data Control Language (DCL):
• -Similar to a computer programming language used to
control access to data stored in a database. -operations
like: CONNECT, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE,
EXECUTE, and USAGE. e.g.: SQL
• END OF PRESENTATION

You might also like