SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL

LITERACY
 EMOTIONAL LITERACY

 What does ‗emotional literacy‘ mean? Drawing on the

definition of ‗literacy‘ as we discussed before, it implies a
certain level of skill in ‗reading‘ emotions—recognizing and
interpreting our own feelings and those of others, at a level
appropriate for age. It implies learning about the rhythms of
emotions—in other words, learning some skills for navigating
the ups and downs of emotions at play within one‘s self. It is
about learning to manage the powerful pull of what we want
and don‘t want, and negotiating with others as we bump up
against their needs and wants
 BASIC FEELING WORDS

Positive Negative
Comfortable Uncomfortable
Accepted Rejected
Acknowledged Ignored
Appreciated Unappreciated
Loved Resentful, Bitter
Lovable Unloved, Hated
Desirable Unlovable, Undesirable
Happy Angry, Sad, Hurt
Aware Unaware, Confused
Satisfied Unsatisfied, Frustrated
Supported Unsupported, Squelched, Thwarted, Obstructed
Encouraged Discouraged
Encouraged Discouraged
Optimistic Pessimistic, Hopeless
Respected Disrespected, Insulted, Mocked
Safe, Secure Afraid, Insecure
Peaceful, Relaxed Tense, Frustrated
Motivated Bored, Lethargic, Unmotivated
Focused Lost
Free Trapped, Controlled, Forced, Obligated
Independent Dependent, Needy
Confident Nervous, Worried, Scared
Competent, Capable Incompetent, Inadequate, Dumb, Stupid
Proud Guilty, Embarrassed, Ashamed
Worthy, Deserving Unworthy, Undeserving, Inadequate
Excited, Energetic Depressed, Numb, Frozen
Fulfilled Empty, Needy
Validated Invalidated
Connected Disconnected, Isolated, Lonely
 THE REVISED MODEL OF EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE BY MAYER, SALOVEY AND
CARUSO - 2016
 PERCEIVING EMOTION
 Identify deceptive or dishonest emotional expressions.
 Discriminate accurate vs. inaccurate emotional expressions.
 Understand how emotions are displayed depending on context and
culture.
 Express emotions accurately when desired.
 Perceive emotional content in the environment, visual arts, and
music.
 Perceive emotions in other people through their vocal cues, facial
expression, language, and behaviour.
 Identify emotions in one‘s own physical states, feelings, and
 FACILITATING THOUGHT USING EMOTION
 Select problems based on how one ‘s ongoing
emotional state might facilitate cognition.  Leverage
mood swings to generate different cognitive
perspectives.
 Prioritize thinking by directing attention according to
present feeling.
 Generate emotions as a means to relate to experiences
of another person.
 Generate emotions as an aid to judgment and memory.
 UNDERSTANDING EMOTIONS
 Recognize cultural differences in the evaluation of emotions.
 Understand how a person might feel in the future or under certain
conditions (affective forecasting).
 Recognize likely transitions among emotions such as from anger to
satisfaction.
 Understand complex and mixed emotions.
 Differentiate between moods and emotions.
 Appraise the situations that are likely to elicit emotions.
 Determine the antecedents, meanings, and consequences of emotions.
 Label emotions and recognize relations among them.
 MANAGING EMOTIONS
 Effectively manage one‘s own emotions to achieve a desired
outcome.
 Effectively manage others‘ emotions to achieve a desired outcome.
 Evaluate strategies to maintain, reduce, or intensify an emotional
response.
 Monitor emotional reactions to determine their reasonableness.
 Engage with emotions if they are helpful; disengage if not.
 Stay open to pleasant and unpleasant feelings, as needed, and to
the information they convey
 STEPS IN HANDLING YOUR EMOTIONS
WELL
 Get fluent in the language of emotions and name what you feel. To practice
EQ, it‘s essential to be emotionally literate. This is multifaceted; one part is to
be able to name emotions really specifically – to differentiate between similar
emotions, like feeling sad versus overwhelmed. And beyond that, it‘s super
helpful to know the profile of each emotion – to be able to define it and
understand its message. Sadness is a feeling of loss of something I care about,
and it helps clarify what‘s important to me.
 Observe without trying to fix. Name your emotions, and then simply let that
be for a few seconds. Let yourself be frustrated, or angry, or sad. We have been
socialized to think of some emotions as bad, and because of that, we have a
tendency to try to push them away as soon as we feel them.
 Feel your emotions in your body. We often feel our emotions
in our physical body. Anxiety before a job interview may leave
us with tight muscles or sweaty palms, and as we walk to the
door to pick up our significant other for a date we may feel
like we are walking lightly and our hearts are pounding with
excitement. These are only a few common examples of how
we feel emotions physically. But researchers have found that
different emotions are universally associated with feeling
activation in specific parts of the body.
 Bust the myth of bad emotions. We too often get stuck in an
antagonistic relationship with our emotions, thinking of them as bad
and something that we should suppress. But at the end of the day,
emotions, even challenging ones like anger, are data. They exist to
help us. Overcoming this mindset that there are good and bad
emotions is one of the hardest parts of practicing emotional
intelligence, but it‘s also extremely liberating. Once you truly make
emotions your ally, you are empowered to take control of your life.
The first step is acknowledging that emotions are providing you with
valuable information.
 Notice the build up before the trigger. In terms of how to improve emotional
intelligence, another way is to hone your ability to recognize when you‘re
headed in a direction that you don‘t want to go – before something really
triggers you. The trigger is usually obvious. ―He said this,‖ or ―I can‘t believe
she did that.‖ But we have to remember that these events don‘t occur in a
vacuum. Our emotions are based on our perceptions of the world, and our
mental state plays a big role in that.
In fact, our perceptions aren‘t as objective as we think. When we are already
frustrated, we‘re more likely to see slights. When we‘re already afraid, we‘re
more likely to interpret something as a threat. So it‘s essential that we check in
with ourselves and know where we‘re at – what our own biases could be in that
moment. The better and quicker we get at this self check-in, the less likely we
 Recognize recurring patterns:

 When ____stimulus______, I _____my typical reaction____.

 This is may be the most transformative part of Know Yourself. And to understand it, we
need to dive into a little neuroscience. Our brains have a natural tendency to follow
neural pathways that already exist. So whether it‘s in a relationship or by ourselves, we
have a tendency to form and follow patterns. But that doesn‘t mean that all our
patterns are serving us well, or that we can‘t change the ones that aren‘t.
 For example, ―when I get angry, I bottle it up.‖
Write down your feelings throughout the day.
Check in with yourself, and don‘t think you have to
choose just one feeling. Emotions are multilayered,
complex. It‘s totally normal to feel multiple at one
time, even if they seem to contradict each other.
Just writing them down is an important practice of
validation and part of the answer of how to improve
emotional intelligence.
Remind yourself, ―Emotions are data.‖ Emotions are
valuable data that help you see more clearly. When we stop
fighting them, ignoring them, or feeling suffocated by them,
we gain an amazing resource. Remember what the purpose of
emotions are: to focus our attention and motivate us toward a
specific course of action. They are simply data, based on our
perceptions of the world, about what to do. Know Yourself is
about opening ourselves up to this data, and the next step is
using it to choose exactly where we want to go.
EMOTION AND DECISION MAKING
 SOCIAL LITERACY
 Similarly, ‗social literacy‘ implies a level of skill in being able to form
respectful relationships. It implies learning about the give and take of
interacting with others. It includes the delicate, delightful and
sometimes very painful dance of sharing with others and allowing
them to be ‗real‘ to us—beyond stereotypes and labels and beyond
simply being a means to fulfill our own needs. Social literacy means
the presence of social skills, knowledge and positive human values
that support ability in human beings to act positively and responsibly
in range of complex social settings and their ability to successfully
and deliberately mediate his/her world as family member, worker,
citizen and lifelong learner.
 SOCIAL SKILLS

 Social skills, also known as interpersonal or soft skills, are used to

communicate with others. There are several types of communication
we use on a daily basis including verbal, nonverbal, written and
visual.
 Verbal skills involve the spoken language, while
nonverbal communication includes body language, facial expressions
and eye contact. Any time you interact with another person, you‘re
using social skills in some way. Strong social skills can help you build
and maintain successful relationships both professionally and
personally.
HERE ARE SOME SOCIAL SKILLS UNDER SOCIAL LITERACY THAT YOU
MUST HAVE IN ORDER TO BE A SOCIALLY LITERATE INDIVIDUAL:

 Effective communication
 The ability to communicate effectively with others is a
core social skill. If you have strong communication skills,
you‘ll be able to share your thoughts and ideas clearly
with others. Effective communicators make good
leaders because they can easily explain projects and
goals in an easy-to-understand way
 CONFLICT RESOLUTION

 Disagreements and dissatisfaction can arise in any

situation. Conflict resolution is the ability to get to the
source of the problem and find a workable solution. If you
have good conflict resolution skills, you may be well-
suited to a position in HR, where you can address
disagreements between employees. You might also enjoy
a customer service role where you will resolve conflicts for
clients about a company‘s products, services or policies.
 ACTIVE LISTENING

 Active listening is the ability to pay close attention to a

person who is communicating with you. Active
listeners are typically well-regarded by their coworkers
due to the attention and respect they offer others. You
can increase your listening skills by focusing on the
speaker, avoiding distractions, and by preparing
questions, comments or ideas to respond
 EMPATHY

 Empathy is the ability to understand and identify with

the feelings of another person. If you have empathy,
others will be more likely to confide in you. Being more
empathetic takes a conscious effort to carefully
consider how others feel. If you strengthen your
empathy and rapport with others, you‘ll be able to build
stronger relationships, which can be beneficial in many
ways.
 RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT

 Relationship management is the ability to maintain

relationships and build key connections. For example, if you
have a job in customer service, you might be responsible for
relationship management between your company and a
specific set of clients. Executives at organizations manage
relationships with stakeholders and investors. This is a useful
social skill in a variety of roles
 RESPECT

 A key aspect of respect is knowing when to initiate

communication and respond. In a team or group
setting, allowing others to speak without interruption
is seen as a necessary communication skill tied to
respectfulness. Respectfully communicating also
means using your time with someone else wisely—
staying on topic, asking clear questions and
responding fully to any questions you ‘ve been asked.
 WAYS ON HOW TO IMPROVE SOCIAL SKILLS
 There are several ways to improve your social skills. Here are just a few ways you can begin:
 Get feedback. It can be helpful to ask trusted friends, mentors or managers to provide you
with honest feedback about your areas for improvement. Use this feedback to start setting
measurable goals toward having a strong, well-rounded set of social skills.
 Set goals. After identifying areas for improvement, use the SMART goals framework to work
toward building interpersonal skills in a specific, measurable way.
 Find resources. There are countless classes, guides, books and more both online and off. While
you can certainly pay for an e-book or class, there are also many free resources you can
consume. You can also find focused resources on topics such as body language or negotiations.
 Identify areas for practice. Once you have learned tactics and tips for improving your social
skills, put them into practice at home and at work. You can also look for volunteer opportunities
or extra-curricular activities for which you can practice interpersonal skills with less pressure.
 SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING

Social-emotional learning is the process of

developing and using social and emotional skills.
It‘s the skillset we use to cope with feelings, set
goals, make decisions, and get along with—and
feel empathy for—others. (You also might hear
SEL referred to as socio-emotional learning or
social-emotional literacy.)
 SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING SKILLS

 The leader in the field of SEL instruction is the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning
(CASEL). It identifies five key areas (core competencies) that make up SEL:
 Self-awareness like identifying emotions, recognizing strengths and needs, and
developing a growth mindset
 Self-management like managing emotions, controlling impulses, and setting goals
 Social awareness like seeing things from other people‘s perspective, showing empathy,
and appreciating diversity
 Relationship skills like communication, cooperation, and conflict resolution
 Responsible decision-making including thinking about the consequences of personal
behaviour
 SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING AT
SCHOOL

The core competencies can be taught in many

ways and across settings. SEL instruction often
focuses on kids‘ emotional intelligence. The
ultimate goal is to teach kids to understand and
respect themselves and others. This naturally
leads to more positive behavior that promotes
social acceptance and friendship. Those skills
together are often referred to prosocial behavior.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES

SEL supports can also help with behavior

management. Working on SEL skills can help
students understand how and why they‘re
behaving as they do and what supports they
need if their behavior is getting in the way of
learning or making friends
 SEL SKILLS CAN BE WOVEN INTO TRADITIONAL LESSON
PLANS. HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF INSTRUCTION AT
DIFFERENT GRADE LEVELS THAT YOU MIGHT USE:
 Social-emotional learning activities for preschool: Show students
how to work in pairs. You can do this by modeling how to read a book
together—pointing out how to hold the book so it‘s centered between
two students and how to take turns flipping the pages. This kind of
explicit instruction can help kids learn about sharing, think about the
needs of others, and develop mutual respect.
 Social-emotional learning activities for grade school: You might ask
students to identify their strengths and weaknesses as part of math
instruction. You can encourage each child to do things like fill a
hundreds grid or a pie chart to show how strong the child feels at a
particular skill.
 Social-emotional learning activities for middle school: At this age, you can focus
more on human connection. Do this by getting students to ask one another how
their weekend was. Explicit instruction can help make the classroom a safe space
where everyone can express themselves and say whether their weekend was good
or bad. The class can make an agreement that there‘s no teasing or bullying
allowed.
 Social-emotional learning activities for high school: Help teens practice taking
the perspectives of other people, like getting them to think about how a character
in a book felt or why a historical figure took certain actions. You can ask the class to
reflect on how and why someone fought for justice and equality. This builds SEL
skills in your students by creating opportunities to discuss these kinds of things in
small groups or by having them define and use the word empathy
 TARGETED SUPPORTS FOR SOCIAL-
EMOTIONAL LEARNING

You can teach social and emotional skills to

students of all ages. The younger kids are when
they start learning how to build these skills, the
better. But research shows that working on them
during adolescence can also help. The key is to
meet students where they are.
Students who learn and think differently often struggle with self-regulation and
other SEL skills. They may also struggle with anxiety and low self-esteem. But
targeted supports can help them fully participate. Here are some ways you can
support them:
 Know what social-emotional skills to expect at different ages. Knowing what
to look for can help you know which skills may need to be taught more
explicitly.
 Talk about challenges. Emphasize that everyone has specific areas in which
they struggle. Use examples of ways you struggle to help make the point that
they‘re not the only ones who have trouble. It can help them feel less alone
 Help students understand how they learn and what
kinds of support they need to thrive. Self-awareness is
a key part of self-advocacy.
 Guide students through the process of self-reflection.
Targeted supports can help students who struggle with
executive functioning issues or impulse control. SEL
activities that use yoga or other kinds of movement
may help kids slow down and think about next steps.
 Use Universal Design for Learning (UDL) to give all students equal
opportunities to succeed. In school, this approach to teaching and
learning gives kids more than one way to access SEL material,
engage with it, and show what they know. It can also be used at
home. Share with families the story of how
one dad tried out UDL at home with his kids.
 Build social-emotional learning into everyday life. There are
fun ways to teach key skills like naming their feelings and learning
how to compromise.
Thank
you!.......!