Scribd
Upload
108 views33 pages

Earth-Science-exogenic Processes

This document discusses exogenic processes on Earth. It defines exogenic processes as forces from outside the Earth that cause surface changes, including weathering, erosion, transport, and deposition. Weathering breaks down rocks through physical and chemical means. Factors like rock properties, climate, soil, vegetation, and time influence weathering rates. Physical weathering mechanically breaks rocks into fragments, while chemical weathering alters molecular structures. Erosion then transports weathered material, which is eventually deposited elsewhere.

Uploaded by

Kc Manding
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
108 views33 pages

Earth-Science-exogenic Processes

This document discusses exogenic processes on Earth. It defines exogenic processes as forces from outside the Earth that cause surface changes, including weathering, erosion, transport, and deposition. Weathering breaks down rocks through physical and chemical means. Factors like rock properties, climate, soil, vegetation, and time influence weathering rates. Physical weathering mechanically breaks rocks into fragments, while chemical weathering alters molecular structures. Erosion then transports weathered material, which is eventually deposited elsewhere.

Uploaded by

Kc Manding
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 33

Earth Science Q2W1

EXOGENIC PROCESSES
OF THE EARTH
ENGR. JAKE CASEY A. SUGUI
EXOGENIC PROCESS
• The word exogenic comes from two Greek words exo
and genic. The word exo means ‘from outside’ or
‘external’ and the genic word means ‘origin’. 
• All the forces that act outside the earth’s surface and
cause changes in the earth’s surface are called
exogenic forces. And all these forces that are
constantly acting on the surface of the crust (and are
causing the evolution of landforms are called exogenic
processes.
EXOGENIC PROCESS

weathering erosion transport deposition


WEATHERING

Weathering is the process of disintegration (physical) and


decomposition (chemical) of rocks. Weathering is a
process of breaking down rocks into small particles such
as sand, clay, gravel, and other fragments.
FACTORS AFFECTING
WEATHERING
1. PROPERTIES OF ROCK (composition)
• Since rocks are made up of different chemicals, their
composition and durability are not the same

limestone
halite granite
1. PROPERTIES OF ROCK (structure)
• Rocks with more fissures and fractures are more vulnerable
to weathering because of greater surface area that is
exposed.
2. CLIMATE
A. Rainfall
- more rainfall increases the rate of weathering

B. Temperature
- The hotter it is, the higher the rate of
weathering
2. CLIMATE
3. SOIL AND VEGETATION
• Soil and vegetation increase the rate of
weathering. As the soil thickens in a place, it will
lead to more growth of vegetation which in turn
increases the biological processes or activity that
will lead to breakdown of rocks.
3. SOIL AND VEGETATION
4. LENGTH OF EXPOSURE (Time)
• The longer the rock is exposed to elements (rain,
heat, friction, and biological activities), the
greater its chemical alteration, dissolution and
physical breakdown.
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
PHYSICAL WEATHERING

Mechanical weathering or physical weathering is the


physical breakdown of a rock into unconnected grains
or chunks without changes in its composition.
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
1.FROST WEDGING (Freeze-Thaw Cycle)
- Happens when water filling a crack freezes and
expands, which in turn exerts pressure against the rock
until it breaks
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
2. SALT CRYSTAL GROWTH
- Happens when a salt in a solution precipitates in
fractures of rocks which in turn exerts pressure to
break it.
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
3. ABRASION
- Happens when a rock or sediments bump into
another rock causing its break down
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
4. BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
- Breakdown of rocks due to plant and animal activity
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
5. EXFOLIATION
- Breakdown of rocks due to reduction of pressure
TYPES OF PHYSICAL/MECHANICAL WEATHERING
6. HEAT AND COLD CYCLES
- Due to contraction and expansion after exposure to
heat and cold cycle
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
Chemical weathering changes the molecular structure
of rocks and soil. For instance, carbon dioxide from the
air or soil sometimes combines with water in a process
called carbonation. This produces a weak acid, called
carbonic acid, that can dissolve rock.
TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING
1. DISSOLUTION
- Happens when soluble minerals found in rocks are
dissolved by water
TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING
2. HYDROLYSIS
- Breakdown of rock caused by its reaction with water

Granite
TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING
3. OXIDATION
- Breakdown of rock by oxygen and water, often giving
iron-rich rocks a rusty-colored weathered surface.
EROSION

Erosion is the separation and removal of weathered rocks


due to different agents like water, wind, and glacier that
causes transportation of the material to where they are
deposited. Plants, animals, and humans play an
important role in the erosional process.
TRANSPORTATION

Transportation is the movement of sediments downslope


under the influence of gravity is called mass wasting.
Example of this movement are fall, slide, avalanche, and
flow.
DEPOSITION
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments,
soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass.
Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously
weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough
kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers
of sediment.
Hence, deposition is the process in which the weathered
materials carried out by erosion settle down in a
particular location.

You might also like