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CCNAv3.3 101

This document provides an introduction to networking concepts. It discusses the requirements for an Internet connection, including the physical connection via networking cards, logical connection using protocols, and applications that send and receive data. It also summarizes the basic components of a personal computer and how they work together. Testing connectivity using tools like ping is described. Finally, it covers basic network math concepts like binary, IP addressing, and network masks.

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Tung Hoang
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91 views

CCNAv3.3 101

This document provides an introduction to networking concepts. It discusses the requirements for an Internet connection, including the physical connection via networking cards, logical connection using protocols, and applications that send and receive data. It also summarizes the basic components of a personal computer and how they work together. Testing connectivity using tools like ping is described. Finally, it covers basic network math concepts like binary, IP addressing, and network masks.

Uploaded by

Tung Hoang
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CCNA Semester 1 Chapter 01

INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING

Objectives
Understand the physical connection that has to take place for a computer to connect to the Internet. Recognize the components that comprise the computer. Install and troubleshoot network interface cards and/or modems. Use basic testing procedures to test the Internet connection. Demonstrate a basic understanding of the use of web browsers and plug-ins

Table of Content
1 Connecting to the internet 2 Network Math

CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET

Requirements for Internet connection

Physical connection
Connecting expansion card to a network

Logical connection
Using standards that so-called protocols

Applications
Work with protocols to send & receive data Interpret data & display information

PC basics: Small, Discrete Components


Transistor
Amplifies a signal or opens and closes a circuit.

Integrated circuit (IC)


Device made of semiconductor material Contains many transistors and performs a specific task.

Resistor
Device made of material that opposes the flow of electric current.

Capacitor
Electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field
6

PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems


Printed circuit board (PCB)
A thin plate on which chips or integrated circuits and other electronic components are placed.

CD-ROM drive
Compact disk read-only memory drive, which is a device that can read information from a CD-ROM.

Central processing unit (CPU)


The brains of the computer where most calculations take place.

Floppy disk drive


A disk drive that can read and write to floppy disks.
7

PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)


Hard disk drive
The device that reads and writes data on a hard disk.

Microprocessor
A silicon chip that contains a CPU.

Motherboard
The main circuit board of a microcomputer

Bus
A collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another.
8

PC Basics: Personal Computer Subsystems (cont)


Random-access memory (RAM)
RAM requires electrical power to maintain data storage.

Read-only memory (ROM)


data has been prerecorded. it cannot be removed and can only be read.

System unit
It includes the chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus, and ports.

Expansion slot
9

A socket locates on the motherboard

Network Interface Card

Protocols - Ethernet, Token Ring, or FDDI Types of media Twisted-pair, coaxial, wireless, or fiber-optic Type of system bus PCI or ISA
1

NIC and Modem Installation


PC modem card

Internal modem Card

External modem

External modem

TCP/IP Description and Configuration

TCP/IP is a set of protocols or rules developed to allow cooperating computers to share resources a TCP/IP must be configured using the operating system tools.

Testing Connectivity with Ping

Web Browser and Plug-ins

Applications work in conjunction with the browser to launch the program required to view special files
Flash plays multimedia files, which was created by Macromedia Flash QuickTime plays video files, which was created by Apple Real Player plays audio files

NETWORK MATH

Information stored in computers


These 1 and 0 are referred to as binary digits or bits.

Bits and Bytes


Unit Bit Definition Binary digit A 1 or 0 Bytes Kilobyte 8 bits 1024bytes 1 1000 1mil 8 8000 8mil 8 bil Bytes* Bits* 1 Examples On/off, open/close A letter in ASCII 64Kb of RAM 64Mb of RAM 40Gbytes hard drive

Megabyte 1024Kbytes

Gigabyte 1024Mbytes 1000mil

Base 10 Number System

Example: 2134 = (2x10^3) + (1x10^2) + (3x10^1) + (4x10^0)

Base 2 Number System

Example: 101102 = (1 x 2^4 = 16) + (0 x 2^3 = 0) + (1 x 2^2 = 4 + (1 x 2^1 = 2) + (0 x 2^0 = 0) = 22


1

Converting Decimal Numbers to 8-bit Binary Numbers

Converting 8-bit Binary Numbers to Decimal Numbers

Four-octet Dotted Decimal

Hexadecimal

Boolean or Binary Logic

AND OR NOT NOR

IP Addresses and Network Masks

Summary
The physical connection that has to take place for a computer to connect to the Internet The primary components of a computer Installation and troubleshooting network interface cards and/or modems Basic testing procedures to test the Internet connection Web browser selection and configuration The Base 2 number system Binary number conversion to decimal The hexadecimal number system Binary representation of IP addresses and network masks Decimal representation of IP addresses and network masks
2

Q&A

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