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Hola s
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Kumu Spain
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sta s
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ur Australia
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Annyeongha Korea
seyo Japan
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h
hǎo China
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dī Thailand
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Intercultural Communication
Intercultural Communication
Happens when individuals interact,
negotiate, and create meanings while
bringing in their varied cultural
backgrounds
Intercultural Communication
Communication among people
from different nationalities
Intercultural Communication
Takes place when people draw from
their cultural identity to understand
values, prejudices, language,
attitudes, and relationships
Intercultural Communication
Sending and receiving of messages
across languages and cultures.
The Developmental
Model of Intercultural
Sensitivity
The Developmental Model of
Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS)
offers a structure that explores how people
experience cultural differences. According to
Bennett and Bennett (2004), it has six stages.
These are the following:
Stage 1: Denial.
The individual does not recognize cultural differences.
Stage 2: Defense.
The individual starts to recognize cultural
differences and is intimidated by them, resulting
in either a superior view on own culture or an
unjustified high regard for the new one.
Stage 3: Minimization.
Although individuals see cultural
differences, they bank more on the
universality of ideas rather than on cultural
differences.
Stage 4: Acceptance.
The individual begins to appreciate
important cultural differences in
behaviors and eventually in values.
Stage 5: Adaptation.
The individual is very open to world views
when accepting new perspectives.
Stage 6: Integration.
Individuals start to go beyond their own
cultures and see themselves and their actions
based on multifarious cultural viewpoints.
Once you understand these stages, you may apply it to:
1) recognize communication behaviors which differ
from your own
2) take into account what can influence these types
of behaviors, and
3) try to analyze how linguistic and cultural
communities differ in terms of communication
behavior and influencing factors
(Allwood, 1985).
Is it a Yes or a No?
Read each statement. Write YES if it
displays bias or insensitivity, write the
group/element being misrepresented
(gender, social status, age, religion,
culture) and write NO if not.
Characteristics of
Competent
Intercultural
Communicators
World Bank (2010) identifies the following
traits that define a competent intercultural
communicator.
[Link] and the ability to tolerate high levels
of uncertainty
[Link] or mindfulness
[Link]-mindedness
[Link]
World Bank (2010) identifies the following
traits that define a competent intercultural
communicator.
5. adaptability
6. ability to engage in divergent thinking (or thinking
creatively) and systems-level thinking (or thinking
how each one in a system or organization influences
each other)
7. politeness
Note that in addition to culture, other elements
such as gender, age, social status, and religion
must also be taken into consideration when
communicating with others. Refrain from
showing bias when talking to someone by
following the tips.
1. Avoid stereotypes, i.e., generalizations about a
certain group.
2. Challenge gender norms; avoid using “he” and
“man” to refer to a general group of people. To
remedy this, you may use plural pronouns or
rewrite a sentence to avoid using pronouns. The
use of his/her is also acceptable.
3. Do not talk down on younger people and
the elderly.
4. Be sensitive to the religious practices of
others.
5. Be polite at all times; do not belittle people
you perceive to be on a lower social class
than you.
Write T before each number if the statement is true and F if
the statement is false.
1. Intercultural Communication 11. T
2. DMIS 12. F
3. Defense 13. F
4. Acceptance 14. T
5. Adaptation 15. T
6. Denial 16. T
7. Minimization 17. T
8. Integration 18. T
9. Politeness/ Polite 19. T
10. Sensitivity/ Sensitive 20. T
