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Grade 8 Lesson 1

The document provides information about basic computer concepts, components, and functions. It defines a computer as a device that accepts data as input, processes it, and provides output. The four basic functions of a computer are described as input, processing, output, and storage. Key hardware components like the central processing unit (CPU), memory units, input/output devices, and storage devices are explained. Current ICT trends mentioned include smartphones, tablet computers, and cloud computing.

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Marecel Catantan
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60 views49 pages

Grade 8 Lesson 1

The document provides information about basic computer concepts, components, and functions. It defines a computer as a device that accepts data as input, processes it, and provides output. The four basic functions of a computer are described as input, processing, output, and storage. Key hardware components like the central processing unit (CPU), memory units, input/output devices, and storage devices are explained. Current ICT trends mentioned include smartphones, tablet computers, and cloud computing.

Uploaded by

Marecel Catantan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

CONCEPTS
VOCABULARY
PROCESSOR – SERVES AS
THE BRAIN OF THE
COMPUTER.
BIOS - (BASIC INPUT/OUTPUT
SYSTEM) IS THE PROGRAM OF A
PERSONAL COMPUTER'S
MICROPROCESSOR USES TO GET
THE COMPUTER SYSTEM STARTED
AFTER YOU TURN IT ON.
- IT ALSO MANAGES DATA FLOW
BETWEEN THE COMPUTER’S
OPERATING SYSTEM AND
ATTACHED DEVICES SUCH AS
THE HARD DISK, VIDEO
ADAPTER, KEYBOARD, MOUSE
AND PRINTER.
WHAT IS
COMPUTER?
• Computer is an electronic device
for storing and processing data,
typically in binary form,
according to instructions given to
it in a variable program.
• Computer is a device that accepts 
information (in the form of digital
ized data) and manipulates it for some
result based on a program or sequence
of instructions on how the data is to
be processed. 
• Computer is an electronic machine
that can solve different problems,
process data, store & retrieve data
and perform calculations faster and
efficiently than humans.
THE FOUR BASIC FUNCTIONS
OF A COMPUTER
1. INPUT
2. PROCESSING
3. OUTPUT
4. STORAGE
1. INPUT – This refers to any
action that involves entering
data into the computer.
2. PROCESSING- this function is
performed by the computer by
manipulating the information entered
into it to produce an output
3. OUTPUT – this computer function
presents processed data to the user in
a meaningful and understandable
form.
4. STORAGE- data processed
by the computer can kept for
temporary or long-term
keeping.
WHAT ARE THE
COMPUTER HARDWARE
DEVICES?
1. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
(CPU)
- It is also known as the “brain” of the
computer where information
processing happens.
Because of its function, the CPU can
also be referred to as the
PROCESSOR.
2. MEMORY UNITS – this part of
the PC stores programs, data, and
instructions.
a. Random Access Memory (RAM) –
RAM stores information that are being
utilized while the computer is in operation,
and serves as a working space for the
operating system and its applications.
b. Read Only Memory (ROM) – this type
of memory unit contains program codes
and computer instructions, such as the
BASIC Input Output System (BIOS), that
are necessary for the operation of the
computer system.
3. INPUT DEVICES- this is a group of
devices used to enter data into the
computer’s memory. These devices can be
considered as the “senses” of the system
that connects it to the outside world.
4. OUTPUT DEVICES – this group of
devices communicate the computer’s
processed data back to the user in the form
of words, sounds, pictures, videos or
combination of the four that is
understandable to the user.
5. STORAGE DEVICES – these devices
make it possible to store programs and
data for future use.
Examples of storage devices include the
following.
a. HARD DISK DRIVE (HDD)- this
device is located inside the Central
Processing Unit. Downloaded files,
installed applications, pictures,
videos, and music files can be
stored directly into this device.
b. CD OR DVD- these are optical
media storage devices where data
and other files can be stored in for
a limited capacity. It offers
convenience to the user because of
its portability.
c. FLASH DRIVE OR THUMB DRIVE – It
is one of the latest forms of a portable
storage device. A flash drive or thumb
drive makes it easy to transport files to
and from different computers, as it can
be plugged into any computer with a
USB (Universal Serial Bus) drive.
CURRENT ICT
TRENDS
A. SMARTPHONES – digital world, a versatile
mobile phone that can perform a wide range of
functions to meet the demands of a highly digital
age is very helpful.
B. TABLET COMPUTERS – tablets are general-
purpose mobile computers contained in a single
screen panel. It can perform almost all the
functions of a regular PC with only few
restrictions.
C. CLOUD COMPUTING
- creation of unified network model known as
Cloud Computing.
- Data will centralized in a single internet data
storage network.

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