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Lesson 2 Eapp

The document discusses reading strategies for academic reading. It defines reading as an interactive process between the reader and text that is influenced by their background. It then outlines the 4S system for efficient reading: skimming, scanning, selecting, and studying. Next, it discusses critical reading techniques like highlighting and marking text. It also covers drawing conclusions through deductive and inductive processes. Finally, it explains the simple present and present continuous tenses.

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MichelleAngelaCorpuz Corpuz
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86 views

Lesson 2 Eapp

The document discusses reading strategies for academic reading. It defines reading as an interactive process between the reader and text that is influenced by their background. It then outlines the 4S system for efficient reading: skimming, scanning, selecting, and studying. Next, it discusses critical reading techniques like highlighting and marking text. It also covers drawing conclusions through deductive and inductive processes. Finally, it explains the simple present and present continuous tenses.

Uploaded by

MichelleAngelaCorpuz Corpuz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEVELOPING SKILLS

IN ACADEMIC
READING
TECHNIQUES IN
ACADEMIC
READING
WHAT IS READING?

• Bernhardt (1991)
- “ an interactive and socio-cognitive process
involving a text, a reader, and a social context
within which the activity takes place”.
WHAT IS READING?
• Hudelson (1994)
-The reader constructs meaning through the written text that
represents a language. In the process of reading, “there is a
transaction between the reader and the text which involves the
reader’s act on interpreting the text. The interpretation is influenced
by the reader’s experiences, language and cultural background as
well as the reader’s purpose for reading”
WHAT IS READING?
• William Gray (1950)
-Father of Reading
-defines reading as a four step process:
1. Perception of the word
2. Comprehension of its meaning
3. Reaction to the meaning in terms of prior knowledge
4. Integration of the idea into one’s background of experience.
STRATEGIES IN
ACADEMIC
READING
1. EFFICIENT READING

• Academic texts generally


conform to a set structure , are
written in a formal, academic
way, and contain specific
language from your discipline
area.
• Executive Summary or Findings or Results of
Abstract Research- meanings,
• Table of Contents implications
• Introduction or Background • Tables, Diagrams, Visual
Support or Condensed,
• Title
Visual Information
• Headings
• Concluding Paragraph
• Sub-headings
• Recommendations
• Reference List
• Finding/Discussion of
THE 4S- SYSTEM FOR
EFFICIENT
ACADEMIC
READING
A. SKIMMING
• Wishes to get a general impression of an article of a book.
• Needs to know the general idea or ideas of a particular passage
• Wants to remember the main points in a selection already read just before
an exam.
• Gets updates about the current events from a newspaper
• Gets informed through business and travel brochure
B. SCANNING
• Goes over a selection rapidly using the writer’s tools
such as title, subtitles, italics, etc. until reaching the
passage which contains the information sought. Once the
specific information is found, the readers stops reading.
• Needs a name, date, location, or any specific detail that
will answer a question in mind
EXAMPLES OF
SCANNING
•Looking for a phone number in a
telephone directory
•A google search list on the internet
•A plane boarding schedule
•A conference guide
C. SELECTING

•Using both scanning and


skimming to decide what to
read more closely
D. STUDYING

• Reading in detail
• Paying close attention to the
main points the reader wants to
learn
2. CRITICAL READING

• Active reading
• Also called detailed reading
• The reader reads carefully and makes a variety
comments about the text being read.
TECHNIQUES REQUIRED IN
CRITICAL READING

• Highlighting, marking the text and underlining keywords and


phrases
• Assigning keywords including brief comments about
important points
• Recording questions when reading and making it as prompts
for follow-up works
• Summarizing the text to check for understanding
3. DRAWING CONCLUSIONS

• Reading strategy done after reading.


• Involves the use of visual clues, titles and illustrations to
understand something indirectly stated in the text.
• Flows from reading information, gathering of facts,
evaluating data or details to make judgement.
WAYS IN DRAWING
OUT VALID
CONCLUSIONS:
DEDUCTIVE PROCESS OR
TOP DOWN APPROACH

• General to specific
• Starts from reading a text, then uses
the background information to
understand a text.
INDUCTIVE PROCESS OR
BOTTOM-UP APPROACH

• begins from accurate information or


observation, then perceives a particular
pattern, then formulate tentative hypothesis
and ends up with general conclusion
THE SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSE AND
THE PRESENT
CONTINUOUS TENSE
A. THE SIMPLE PRESENT
TENSE USES

• To describe actions or situations that do not change


frequently
• To describes habits or routines,
• To express opinions or to make general statement or
facts.
• Can also be used to refer to the future
A. THE SIMPLE PRESENT
TENSE USES

• To describe actions or situations that do not change


frequently
• To describes habits or routines,
• To express opinions or to make general statement or
facts.
• Can also be used to refer to the future
USES EXAMPLES
FACTS/ General • The Philippines is an Archipelago.
Truth • Burj Kalifa is the tallest building in
Dubai.

ROUTINES • Lindsay sings at the theater every


Sunday.
• Gina doesn’t have classes every
Wednesday
USES EXAMPLES
OPINION • My mother doesn’t like cola.
• Irish loves to cook.

REFERENCE TO • Gina has a work next month.


THE FUTURE • The congress has a session tomorrow.

PRESENT • Here comes the bride.


EVENTS/ • Now, I add three eggs to the mixture.
ACTIONS
• SINGULAR NUMBER
- Add –s or –es to the base form of
the verb

• PLURAL FORMS
- No –s or -es
B. THE PRESENT
CONTINUOUS TENSE

• Describes actions or situations in progress at the


moment of speaking.
• Also called present progressive tense.
• Is formed by using the verb BE in present tense
and the main verb with –ing.
USES EXAMPLES NOTES
ACTIVITY IN He is attending a
PROGRESS meeting now.
EXTENDED I’m in the middle of Action will end,
PRESENT reading a really therefore lacks the
good book. permanence of the
simple present
tense.
USES EXAMPLES NOTES
A TEMPORARY I’m staying with a
SITUATION friend this week.

REPETITION IN A Henry is kicking


SERIES OF the soccer ball
SIMILAR around the
ONGOING backyard.
ACTIONS
USES EXAMPLES NOTES
EXPRESSES She’s coming When event is
FUTURE tomorrow. planned usually
with a future time
expression.
A CHANGE IN The twins are
PROGRESS becoming more and
more like their
mother.
• Is (Singular)
• Are (plural)
• Am (Subject I)

+ verb - ing

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