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MINERALS

1. Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solid substances that have a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure. 2. They have various properties including color, streak, hardness, luster, cleavage, diaphaneity, tenacity, and sectility. 3. The Mohs hardness scale ranks minerals from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond) based on their resistance to scratching.

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Claudene Gella
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98 views17 pages

MINERALS

1. Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solid substances that have a definite chemical composition and crystalline structure. 2. They have various properties including color, streak, hardness, luster, cleavage, diaphaneity, tenacity, and sectility. 3. The Mohs hardness scale ranks minerals from 1 (talc) to 10 (diamond) based on their resistance to scratching.

Uploaded by

Claudene Gella
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MINERALS

CROSSWORD PUZZLE
Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle by identifying what is
being described.
Down
2. It is a mineral found
in salt.
3. It has definite shape
and volume.
5. It is also known as
sodium chloride.
Across
1. It is solid inorganic
substance of natural
occurrence.
4. It is a mineral found
in pencil.
Minerals
 is a naturally occurring
substance formed in the
earth.
Example:
 Halite – is the mineral compound NaCl.
 Graphite – is the mineral found in pencil.
Characteristics of Minerals

1. Naturally occurring- term which


identifies mineral as part of earth’s
natural processes.
2. Inorganic- means a substance is not a
product of an organism.
3. Homogeneous solid- minerals should
have definite volume and rigid shape
4. Definite chemical composition—
represented by a chemical formula
5. Orderly crystalline structure- atoms of
minerals are arranged in an orderly and
repeating pattern
19 – 20 characteristics of minerals
• Homogeneous solid manliswi
• Definite chemical composition baloloy
• Orderly crystalline structure Giray
• Inorganic Entia Lovely
• Naturally occurring rosalejos
Properties of Minerals
a. Color - mineral’s color may change
depending on the surface.
b. Streak - color of mineral in
powdered form.
c. Hardness - minerals resistance to
scratching
• Color Bugtai
• Streak dag-uman J
• Hardness Pancho
• Luster Proto Jhon lloyd
• Cleavage Gabutero LA
• Diaphaneity Felarca
• Tenacity Pacot
• Sectility prato M
• Crystalline structure or habit
Mohs Scale of Hardness
(Diamond is the Hardest with a
scale of 10)

10 - Diamond 5 - Apatite
9- Corundum 4 - Fluorite
8- Topaz 3 - Calcite
7- Quartz 2 - Gypsum
6- Orthoclase 1 - Talc
d.Cleavage - mineral’s resistance to
being broken and fracture
e.Crystalline structure or habit
f. Diaphaneity/amount of transparency -
ability to allow light to pass through
it. This is affected by chemical
makeup of the mineral sample.
g.Luster - how light is reflected off a
surface
h. Tenacity- describes the minerals
reaction to stress.
• Brittleness - a mineral turns into
powder guilingan-absent
• Malleability - a mineral can be
flattened by pounding with a hammer.
Gabutero J
• Ductility- A mineral can be stretched
into wire. EneroG
• Flexible but inelastic-Minerals are
bent but they remain in the new
position. Perez
• Flexible and elastic- Minerals are
bent, and they bring back to their
original position. Alburo
i. Sectility- ability of minerals to be
sliced by a knife. prato
Did you
know? The Mohs scale (pronounced
MOZE) was introduced in 1822. It
originated when Friedrich Mohs
chose ten minerals and assigned
numbers to them based on the
relative ease or difficulty in which
stone can be scratched by another.
⪢Sectility ⪢Homogeneous solid
⪢Flexible and elastic ⪢Definite chemical
⪢Flexible and inelastic composition
⪢Cleavage ⪢Orderly crystalline
⪢Diaphaneity structure
⪢Luster ⪢Inorganic
⪢Tenacity ⪢Naturally occurring
⪢Color ⪢Brittleness
⪢Streak ⪢Malleability
⪢Hardness ⪢Ductility
1. a ranking of mineral from softest hardest 1. Mohs Hardness Scale/
2. ability of mineral to be cut by knife Mohs Scale
3. shows the true color of mineral 2. Sectility
3. Streak
4. repeating pattern in minerals in solid
4. Orderly Crystalline
5. describes the mineral reaction to stress Structure
6. a manner by which mineral reflects light. 5. Tenacity
7. a term which identifies minerals as part of Earth’s natural processes. 6. Luster
8. means a substance is not a product of an organism. 7. Naturally Occurring
9. have definite shape and volume. 8. Inorganic
10. represented by chemical formula 9. Homogeneous Solid
10.Definite Chemical
11. It is a mineral that is bent but goes back to its original position.
composition
12. It is a mineral found in salt. 11.Flexible and elastic
13. It is also known as sodium chloride. 12.Halite
14. It is a mineral found in pencil. 13.Salt
15. What is the hardest mineral? 14.Graphite
16. What is the softest mineral? 15.Diamond
16.Talc
17. The person who studies minerals
17.Mineralogist
18. What year does the Mohs Hardness Scale introduced?
18.1822
19 – 20. 2 characteristics of minerals
21 – 25. 5 properties of minerals.
1.Mohs Hardness Scale/ Mohs Scale
2.Sectility
3.Streak
4.Orderly Crystalline Structure
5.Tenacity
6.Luster
7.Naturally Occurring
8.Inorganic
9.Homogeneous Solid
10.Definite Chemical composition
11.Flexible and elastic
12.Halite
13.Salt
14.Graphite
15.Diamond
16.Talc
17.Mineralogist
18.1822

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