Unit 2: Developing a Research Problem

Lesson 1
Identifying a Quantitative Research
Problem

Practical Research 2
Senior High School Applied - Academic
Where should we
get our research
problems?

How do we
identify them?

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Learning ● Identify the range of topics in a
Objectives field of inquiry.

At the end of the ● Understand the process of

lesson, you should be
able to do the identifying research topics.
following:

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 Why is identifying topics crucial at the
beginning of research writing?

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 Identifying the Area of Inquiry

The ability to choose a topic is an essential

skill to start a good research paper. It is
important that you pick out a relevant and
valuable topic and maximize the resources that
you have.

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 1. Brainstorm for ideas.
When brainstorming, it is more
Steps in
advisable to concentrate on
Identifying
the Area of topics that interest you. It is
Inquiry also helpful if you focus on
your field.

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Did you know?

Brainstorming helps you in

narrowing down the topics that
you are mostly interested in and
look at other perspectives that
might be related to it.

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2. Read, read, and read.
You need to make sure that there are
resources about your topic. It gives you a
preview of the possible availability of
related literature for your topic of
interest.

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2. Read, read and read

Use keywords and concepts related to

your topics and explore on different
sources.

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3. Make your matrix.

Look into the research gaps when reading

different resources and previous researches.

Research gaps are areas of the study that

remain unanswered, hence its openness to
be researched about.
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Did you know?

Identifying research gaps may

prevent the replication of the
exact topics that were already
studied before. It helps you to get
over the “so what” question.

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Tip

Research gaps are helpful in exploring for

potential research topics. For instance,
you may look into the recommendations
to future researchers in previous studies.

It is also useful to review the scope of the

study to help you identify possible
research gaps.
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4. Describe your topic of interest briefly.
Analyze the angle of the topic you are really
interested in. Know the value of the research
topic to focus on the perspective why it is
relevant. Describing your topic briefly may
give you an overview if the topic is feasible
to be researched about.

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5. Read again.
You must check the availability of the
literature of your chosen topic as you may
encounter modification in research writing.

It may include changing the topic itself, the

variables and others as there may be too
much or too little available literature.
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6. Formulate your working title.

Your working title focuses on the direction

of your study. It helps you determine your
variables and may give you a preview of its
possible dynamics within your research.

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Did you know?

Working titles may change as the

research writing also progresses.

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Designing a
Research
It is up to you to decide on
Useful in
Daily Life what interests you and what
you view as relevant and
present in your specific field of
specialization.

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Designing a
Research
Useful in
Daily Life The following are topics in
different fields that may be
used in research writing.

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Accounting

● Accounting systems
● Forensic accounting
● Collusion in auditing
● Tax minimization
● Accounting practices for
online business
● Financial markets

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Business and Management

● Green marketing
● Online shops
● Working environment
● Marketing strategies
● Budgeting strategies
● Leadership styles

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Environmental and Earth Science

● Marine pollution
● Genetics
● Conservation
● Recycling
● Sustainability
● Soil contamination
● Environmental
ethics
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Health Science

● Homeopathy
● Tolerance
● Vaccination
● Stress
● Mental health
● Global health security

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Education

● Grit
● Inclusive education
● Teaching strategies
● 21st century
learning
● Homeschooling
● Motivation

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Social Sciences

● Discrimination
● Equality in the
electorate
● Stereotyping
● Patriotic sentiments
● Migration
● Juvenile delinquency

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Humanities

● Taboo
● Symbolisms in art
● Folklore
● Film aesthetics
● Indigenous cultures
● Religious influences

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 Quick Check

How do you define research gaps?

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 Quick Check

What are the advantages of writing a working

title?

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 Quick Check
Jason wants to know the best marketing
strategy for their school. He sees the internet
and the use of flyers as specific contexts
related to marketing strategy.

How are the internet and the use of flyers

related to marketing strategy?
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 Bibliography

Balnaves, Mark and Peter Caputi. Introduction to Quantitative Research Methods An Investigative
Approach. London. Sage Publications Ltd. 2001

Cooper, Harris, Larry Hedges and Jeffrey Valentine. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-
Analysis.New York. Russell Sage Foundation. 2019

Grant, Maria. “What Makes A Good Title.” Health Information and Libraries Journal 30 (2013): 259-
260, doi: 10.1111/hir.12049.

Moeini, Sini. “Six Approaches to Identify Research Gaps and Generate Research Questions.”
LinkedIn, September 12, 2014.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/201409 12150946-275561203-6-very-useful-approaches-to-iden
tify-research-gaps-and-generate-research-questions
.
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 Bibliography
Saah, A. and Collins Osei. “A Guideline for Choosing a Working Title for a Research Project at the
Tertiary Education Level.” Journal Academica 1, no. 1 (2010): 24-28. Accessed March 4, 2020.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278726868_A_GUIDELINE_FOR_CHOOSING_A_WORKI
NG_TITLE_FOR_A_RESEARCH_PROJECT_AT_THE_TERTIARY_EDUCATION_LEVEL
.

Waters, Donald. Quantitative Methods for Business Fourth Edition. England. Pearson Education
Limited. 2008.

Vanderstoep, Scott and Deirdre D. Johnston. Research Methods for Everyday Life. San Francisco. John
Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2009.

Walliman, Nicholas. Research Methods the Basics. New York. Routledge. 2011

Waters, Donald. Quantitative Methods for Business Fourth Edition. England. Pearson Education
Limited. 2008. 30
Unit 2: Developing a Research Problem

Lesson 2
Writing a Research Title

Practical Research 1
Senior High School Applied - Academic
What is the
importance of
a well-written
research title?

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Learning ● Identify the characteristics of a
Objectives well-written research title.
At the end of the ● Construct a research title.
lesson, you should be
able to do the
following:

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 Writing Your Research Title

A research title concisely summarizes the

content of the study. It is important to ensure
that it differentiates the study from other
existing research.

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 Focused and Direct
● should include the
variables and the field
Characteristics of
of inquiry of the study
a Well-Structured
● provides an idea of the
Research Title study’s contents

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 Formal
● formal tone
● should not contain
Characteristics of abbreviations, jargons,
a Well-Structured or colloquial terms
Research Title unless these are the
main focus of the study

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 Brief but Substantial
● usually composed of 16
essential words
Characteristics of ● consists of the most
a Well-Structured important information
Research Title about the study

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Remember

A research title should be able to

summarize the study in the
fewest possible words.

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 Clear
● benefits those who do
not know much about
Characteristics of the field of inquiry
a Well-Structured ● helps those looking for
Research Title references

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 Proper Grammar and
Capitalization
● first letter of every word
Characteristics of is capitalized except for
a Well-Structured some words
Research Title ● proper use of
coordinating
conjunctions,
prepositions, and
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How do guidelines help
researchers in writing a research
title?

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 1. Put the details of the
Steps in research into segments.
Writing a The process of segmenting the
Good details of the research study is
Research helpful in determining and
Title organizing important
information.

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What is the primary objective of your research?

The primary objective of the research is to know

whether listening to classical music helps
students in improving their memorization skills.

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What are the variables of the study?

Independent variable: classical music

Dependent variable: memorization skills

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What method will I use in the study? How will I
measure my variables?

I plan on performing an experiment.

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Who will be the respondents of the study?

Engineering students from XYZ University

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Steps in
Writing a 2. Make a list of keywords
Good based on the segments of the
Research research details.
Title

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Sample Keywords

Listening to classical music

Improving memorization
Experiment
Engineering students from XYZ university

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 3. Draft sentences that contain
Steps in the keywords.
Writing a
In drafting sentences that
Good
Research contain the keywords, be
Title mindful of the length of the
sentence.

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Example of a sentence containing the keywords

The study will conduct an experiment to test

whether listening to classical music helps
engineering students from XYZ University
improve their memorization skills. (23 words)

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Tip

Revise your research title as much

as you need to throughout the
writing process as long as the title
still reflects the main topic of the
paper.

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Steps in
Writing a
4. Formulate your research
Good
Research title.
Title

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Example of a possible research title

An Experimental Research on the Effects of

Classical Music to the Improvement of
Memorization Skills of Engineering Students of
XYZ University (21 words)

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Example of a possible research title

Effects of Classical Music to the Memorization

Skills of Engineering Students of XYZ University:
A Research Experiment (17 words)

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Example of a possible research title

The Effects of Classical Music on the

Memorization Skills of Engineering Students in
XYZ University (15 words)

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 Identify all possible errors in the
Practice
following research titles.

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1. Business Model Trials
2. Parental support and its effects on students’
academic achievement
3. Antifungal Activities from Leaf Extract of
Jungle Geranium Ixora Coccinea Leaves
against Candida Albicans

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 Quick Check

How do research titles impact the whole

research?

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 Quick Check

Harry wants to research the effects of multiple

online battle arena games to the focus of
adolescent students diagnosed with Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

What could be a possible title of his research?

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 Bibliography
Abott, Bruce, and Kenneth Bordens. Research Design and Methods A Process
Approach. New York: McGraw Hill Education, 2018.

Balch, Tucker. “How to Compose a Title for Your Research Paper.” The
Augmented Trader (blog), February 7, 2012,
https://augmentedtrader.com/2012/02/07/how-to-compose-a-title-for-your-research-paper/.

Bavdekar, Sandeep B. “Formulating the Right Title for Research Article.” Journal of
the Association of Physicians in India 64, (2016): 53-56.

Johnston, Deirdre, and Scott W. Vanderstoep. Research Methods for Everyday

Life Blending Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. California: John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009.

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 Bibliography

Singh, Kultar. Quantitative Social Research Methods. New Delhi: Sage

Publications India, 2007.

“Title, Abstracts and Keywords.” Springer. Accessed April 24, 2020.

https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/authorandreviewertutorials/writing-a-journal-manu
script/title-abstract-and-keywords/10285522
.

Walliman, Nicholas. Research Methods the Basics. New York: Routledge, 2011.

Wallwork, Andrian. English for Writing Research Papers. New York: Springer, 2011.

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 Bibliography

Waters, Donald. Quantitative Methods for Business Fourth Edition. England:

Pearson Education Limited, 2008.

“Writing a Good Research Title: What to Avoid.” Enago Academy. Last modified
June 14, 2019. https://www.enago.com/academy/writing-a-good-research-
title-things-to- avoid/.

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