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2 Probability

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61 views

2 Probability

apttt

Uploaded by

praveenraj murugadass
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

PROBABILITY

© 2016 SMART Training Resources Pvt. Ltd.


Introduction :

• Probability can be defined as a measure of the likelihood for the


occurrence of some event. It always lies between 0 to 1. 
• Probability of Occurrence of an event: Let S be the sample
space and E be an event. Then, E <= S.
P(E) = n(E) / n(S)
0≤ P(E) ≤ 1
•  For any events A and B , we have P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ∩
B)
Experiment: Whatever we do, is called experiment.

Outcome: Whatever is the result of the experiment is known as the


outcome.

Favorable Outcome: The outcome in which we are interested is


known as a favorable outcome.

Probability = (Favorable outcome / Total possible outcomes)


Note :

• When the probability of two or more events is given: In this case,


We use multiplication when both the events are going to happen
(i.e. when the relation between the events is defined or described
using ‘and’). We use addition when only one of the events will
happen (i.e. when the relation between the events is defined or
described using ‘or’).

• Probability of non-happening of an event = 1 – (Happening of


an event)
1. When a fair coin is tossed nine times, find the probability of getting
head at least once?

(A) 1/512
(B) 511/512
(C) 9/512
(D) 503/512

© 2016 SMART Training Resources Pvt. Ltd.


2. If 5 coins are tossed together, what is the probability of getting
atmost 3 tails?

(A) 5/32
(B) 1/32
(C) 13/16
(D) 7/16
3. If four fair dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability that
the sum of the numbers is more than 21?

(A) 1/1296
(B) 5/432
(C) 1/432
(D) 5/216
4. Six unbiased coins are tossed together, find the chance that there are
equal number of heads and tails.

(A) 1/64
(B) 3/64
(C) 9/16
(D) 5/16
5. Varun throws two unbiased dice together gets a sum of 7. If his
friend Tarun, now throws the same 2 dice. What is the probability that
the sum is lesser than that?

(A) 5/12
(B) 7/12
(C) 1/2
(D) 2/3
6.When 3 cards are drawn in succession from a pack of cards with
replacement, what is the probability that the first drawn card is a heart,
the second is a red card and the third an honour?

(A) 1/26
(B) 1/4
(C) 4/13
(D) 1/2
7.When 2 balls are drawn in succession without replacement from a
box containing 4 red balls and 7 green balls find the probability that the
first one is red and second one is green.

(A) 4/11
(B) 3/10
(C) 14/55
(D) None of these
8.In a non-leap year what is the probability that there will be (i) 53
Sunday (ii) 54 Sundays

(A) 1/7 , 0
(B) 2/7 , 1
(C) 1/7 , 1/7
(D) 2/7 , 1/7
9.A bag contains 6 red and 4 white balls and another bag contains 5 red
and 5 white balls. If one of the bags is selected at random and a draw of
2 balls is made at random from the bag thus selected, what is the
probability that both the balls are white?

(A) 51/90
(B) 8/45
(C) 45/49
(D) 4/49
10.3 bulb holders are fitted in a room. From a box containing 20 bulbs
of which 25 percent are fused, 3 bulbs are taken at random and fitted
into these bulb holders. What is the probability that the room is lighted?

(A) 91/228
(B) 113/11
(C) 1/114
(D) 137/228
11.When three fair dice are thrown simultaneously what is the
probability that the first die shows up an even number, second die
shows up an even prime number and third die shows up a composite
number?

(A) 1/36
(B) 1/2
(C) 1/6
(D) 1/3
Directions (12 – 15) : Kids and Toys factory is transporting balls of 5 different
colours – yellow, blue, red, green and white. Mr. Bholeram, a worker in the
factory has to separate these balls as per their colours into different boxes and
label them with the corresponding-coloured labels. Mr.Bholeram, after
separating the balls, sealed the boxes and then labelled the boxes at random.

12. What is the probability that all the boxes are labelled correctly?

(A) 1
(B) 0
(C) 1/120
(D) 119/120
Directions (12 – 15) : Kids and Toys factory is transporting balls of 5 different
colours – yellow, blue, red, green and white. Mr. Bholeram, a worker in the
factory has to separate these balls as per their colours into different boxes
and label them with the corresponding-coloured labels. Mr.Bholeram, after
separating the balls, sealed the boxes and then labelled the boxes at random.

13.What is the probability that at least one box is labelled incorrectly?


(A) 1
(B) 0
(C) 1/120
(D) 119/120
Directions (12 – 15) : Kids and Toys factory is transporting balls of 5 different
colours – yellow, blue, red, green and white. Mr. Bholeram, a worker in the
factory has to separate these balls as per their colours into different boxes and
label them with the corresponding-coloured labels. Mr.Bholeram, after
separating the balls, sealed the boxes and then labelled the boxes at random.

14. What is the probability that exactly one box is labelled incorrectly?
(A) 1
(B) 0
(C) 11/120
(D) 44/120
Directions (12 – 15) : Kids and Toys factory is transporting balls of 5 different
colours – yellow, blue, red, green and white. Mr. Bholeram, a worker in the
factory has to separate these balls as per their colours into different boxes and
label them with the corresponding-coloured labels. Mr.Bholeram, after
separating the balls, sealed the boxes and then labelled the boxes at random.

15.What is the probability that all the boxes are incorrectly labelled?

(A) 1
(B) 0
(C) 11/120
(D) 11/30

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