COMPUTER LITERACY

INPUT OUTPUT AND

STORAGE DEVICES
1
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

TOPIC OUTLINE

1. Input Devices
2. Output Devices
3. Storage Devices
4. Examples of Input, output and storage
Device

2
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Input Devices
• Any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment)
used to provide data and control signals to a computer.
• Allows the user to put data into the computer.
• Without any input devices, a computer would only be a
display device and not allow users to interact with it.

3
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Input Devices
Examples of Input Device
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Touchscreen
• Graphic tablet
• Microphone
• Scanner

4
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

InputKeyboard
Devices
• One of the primary input devices used with a
computer.
• The keyboard looks very similar to the keyboards of
electric typewriters, with some additional keys.
• Keyboards allow a computer user to input letters,
numbers, and other symbols into a computer
• Uses an arrangement of buttons or keys.
• Requires pressing and holding several keys
simultaneously or in sequence.

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Input Devices

Keyboard

6
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Input Devices
Types of Keyboard
• Standard
• Laptop
• Gaming and Multimedia
• Thumb-sized
• Virtual
• Foldable

7
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Types of Keyboard
Input Standard
Devices Laptop Keyboard

Gaming and Multimedia Keyboard

8
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Types of Keyboard
9
Thumb-sized keyboard Virtual Keyboard
Input Devices

Foldable Keyboard
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

10
Keyboard
Input Devices Layouts

• QWERTY
• QWERTZ
• AZERTY
• DVORAK
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

11
InputKeyboard
Devices Layouts
QWERTY
• Common layout
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

12
InputKeyboard
Devices Layouts
QWERTZ
• Used in Germany, Hungary and Czech Republic
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

13
InputKeyboard
Devices Layouts
AZERTY
• It is used by most French speakers based in Europe
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Keyboard Layouts 14
Input Devices
DVORAK
• Alternative for QWERTY
• Dvorak layout uses less finger motion, increases
typing rate, and reduces errors compared to the
standard QWERTY
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

15
POINTING DEVICES

• A pointing device is a hardware input device that

allows the user to move the mouse pointer to select
items on a display screen.
• Types of pointing device:
– Based on rolling a ball
– Based on touching a surface
– Based on moving stick
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

16
Input Devices
Pointing Devices
Based on rolling a ball
• Example:
– Mouse
– Trackball
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Pointing Devices 17
Input Devices
Mouse

• A device that controls the

movement of the cursor or
pointer on a display screen.
• The mouse is important for
graphical user interfaces because
user can simply point to options
and objects and click a mouse
button.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Pointing Devices 18
Input Devices
Type of Mouse
• Mechanical

• Optical
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

19
InputPointing
DevicesDevices
Trackball
• A trackball is a mouse lying on its
back.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

20
Input Devices
Pointing Devices
Based on touching a surface
• Example:
– Touchpad
– Graphic tablet
– Touch screen
– Light pen
– Stylus
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Pointing Devices
21
InputTouchpad
Devices Graphic Tablet

Touchscreen
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Pointing Devices
Light Pen
22
Input Devices

Stylus
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

23
Pointing Devices
Input Devices
Based on moving stick
• Example:
– Joystick
– Gamepad
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Pointing Devices 24
Input Devices
Joystick
Gamepad
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

25
IMAGING AND VIDEO
INPUT DEVICES
• Used to digitize images or video from the outside
world into the computer.
• Example:
– Digital camera
– Webcam
– Optical scanner
– 3D scanner
– Fingerprint scanner
– Barcode reader
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Imaging and Video Input Devices
26
Digital Camera Webcam
Input Devices
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Imaging and Video Input Devices 27

Input Devices
Image Scanner

Flatbed Scanner Hand-held Scanner

CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Imaging and Video Input Devices
28
3D Scanner
Input Devices
Fingerprint Scanner
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

29
Imaging and Video Input Devices
Input Devices
Barcode Reader
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

30
AUDIO INPUT DEVICES

• Audio input devices allow a user to send audio

signals to a computer for processing, recording,
or carrying out commands.
• Example:
– Microphone
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

31
InputAudio
Devices
Input Devices
Microphone
• A microphone is a hardware
peripheral that allows computer
users to input audio into their
computers.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

OUTPUT DEVICES

• Any peripheral that receives or displays output

from a computer.
• Computer hardware equipment used to
communicate the results of data processing carried
out by a computer to the outside world.

3
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Output Devices
Examples of Output Device
• Monitor
• Printer
• Speakers
• Projector

3
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Output Devices
Monitor
• The device which displays computer output.
• The monitor displays the video and graphics
information generated by the computer through the
video card.
• Monitors are very similar to televisions but
usually display information at a much higher
resolution.

3
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Output Devices
Types of Monitor
• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
• Light-emitting Diode (LED)

3
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Types of Monitor 36
Output Devices
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

Liquid Crystal Display

(LCD)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

37
Output Devices
Types of Monitor
Light-emitting Diode (LED)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

38
Output Devices
Printer
• Printer is an external hardware device responsible
for taking computer data and generating a hard
copy of that data.
• Printers are one of the most used peripherals
on computers and are commonly used to
print text, images, and photos.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

39
Output Types
Devices of Printer

Printers can be categorized into:

• Impact Printer
• Non-Impact Printer
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

40
Impact
Output Printer
Devices
Daisy-wheel Dot-Matrix
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Non-Impact Printer
41
Output
LaserDevices
Printer (Toner-based)

Multifunction Printer
(Toner-based)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Non-Impact Printer
42
Output Devices
Ink-jet Printer
Thermal Printer (Inkless)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

43
Output Devices
Printing Speed
The printing speed is measured in:
• cps (characters per second)
• lpm (lines per minute)
• ppm (pages per minute)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

44
Plotter
Output Devices
• The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector
graphics
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

45
Speakers
Output Devices
• A hardware device connected to a computer's sound
card that outputs sounds generated by the computer.
• Speakers can be used for various sounds meant to alert
the user, as well as music and spoken text
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

46
Output Devices
Headphones
• Headphones give sound output
from the computer.
• They are similar to speakers,
except they are worn on the
ears so only one person can
hear the output at a time.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

47
Output Devices
Projector
• An output device that can take the display of a
computer screen and project a large version of it
onto a flat surface.
• Projectors are often used in meetings and presentations
so that everyone in the room can view the presentation.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Projector 48
Output Devices
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) projector

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

projector
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Projector 49
Output Devices
Digital Light Processing (DLP) projector
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

STORAGE DEVICES

 A storage device is used in the

computers to store the data.
 Provides one of the core functions
of the modern computer.

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Storage Devices
Types of Storage
There are four type of storage:
• Primary Storage
• Secondary Storage
• Tertiary Storage
• Off-line Storage

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Storage Devices
PRIMARY STORAGE
• Also known as main memory.
• Main memory is directly or indirectly connected to
the central processing unit via a memory bus.
• The CPU continuously reads instructions stored
there and executes them as required.
• Example:
– RAM
– ROM
– Cache

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Storage Devices
Primary Storage
RAM
• It is called Random Access Memory because any
of the data in RAM can be accessed just as fast as
any of the other data.
• There are two types of RAM:
– DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)
– SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Storage Devices
Primary Storage

ROM
• This memory is used as the computer begins
to boot up.
• Small programs called firmware are often
stored in ROM chips on hardware devices
(like a BIOS chip), and they contain
instructions the computer can
use performing some of the
in most operations required
hardware
basic to devices.
operate
• ROM memory cannot be easily
or
quickly overwritten or modified.
5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Storage Devices
Primary Storage

Cache
• Cache is a high-speed access area that can be either a
reserved section of main memory or a storage device.
• Most computers today come with L3 cache or L2 cache,
while older computers included only L1 cache.

5
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

56
Storage Devices
SECONDARY STORAGE
• It is not directly accessible by the CPU.
• Computer usually uses its input/output channels to access
secondary storage and transfers the desired data using
intermediate area in primary storage.
• Example:
– Hard disk
CSCA0101 Computing Basics
Hard Disk 57
Storage Devices
 The hard disk drive is the main, and usually largest, data storage
device in a computer.
 It can store anywhere from 160 gigabytes to 2
terabytes.
 Hard disk speed is the speed at which content can be read and
written on a hard disk.
 A hard disk unit comes with a set rotation speed varying
from 4500 to 7200 rpm.
 Disk access time is measured in milliseconds.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

58
Storage Devices
Secondary Storage

Hard Disk

Internal Hard disk External Hard disk

CSCA0101 Computing Basics
TERTIARY STORAGE 59
Storage Devicesit involves a robotic mechanism which
• Typically
will mount (insert) and dismount removable
mass storage media into a storage device.
• It is a comprehensive computer storage system
that is usually very slow, so it is usually used to
archive data that is not accessed frequently.
• This is primarily useful for extraordinarily large
data stores, accessed without human operators.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

60
Storage Devices
Tertiary Storage
• Examples:
– Magnetic Tape
– Optical Disc
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

61
Storage Devices
Tertiary Storage

Magnetic Tape
• A magnetically coated strip of
plastic on which data can be
encoded.
• Tapes for computers are similar to
tapes used to store music.
• Tape is much less expensive than
other storage mediums but commonly
a much slower solution that is
commonly used for backup.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

62
Storage Devices
Tertiary Storage

Optical Disc
• Optical disc is any storage media that holds content in
digital format and is read using a laser assembly is
considered optical media.
• The most common types of optical media are
– Blu-ray (BD)
– Compact Disc (CD)
– Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

63
Storage Devices STORAGE
OFF-LINE
• Also known as disconnected or
removable
storage.
• Is a computer data storage on a medium or a device that
is not under the control of a processing unit.
• It must be inserted or connected by a
human operator before a computer can access it again.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

64
Storage Devices
Off-line Storage
• Examples:
– Floppy Disk
– Zip diskette
– USB Flash drive
– Memory card
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

65
Storage Devices
Off-line Storage

Floppy Disk

5 ¼ inch Floppy Disk 3 ½ inch Floppy Disk

CSCA0101 Computing Basics

Off-line Storage 66
Storage Devices
Zip Diskette
USB Flash Drive
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

67
Storage Devices
Off-line Storage

Memory Card
• An electronic flash memory storage disk commonly used
in consumer electronic devices such as digital cameras,
MP3 players, mobile phones, and other small portable
devices.
• Memory cards are usually read by connecting the device
containing the card to your computer, or by using a USB
card reader.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

68
Storage Devices
Off-line Storage

Memory Card

Secure Digital card (SD) MiniSD Compact Flash Memory Stick

MultiMedia card XD-Picture card Memory card reader

CSCA0101 Computing Basics
OTHER EXAMPLE OF STORAGE 69
DEVICES
Storage Devices
Punched Card
• Early method of data storage used with
early computers
• Punch cards also known as Hollerith cards
• Containing several punched holes that
represents data
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

70
Storage Devices
Cloud Storage
• Cloud storage means "the storage of data online in the
cloud," wherein a data is stored in and accessible from
multiple distributed and connected resources that
comprise a cloud.
• Cloud storage can provide the benefits of greater
accessibility and reliability; rapid deployment; strong
protection for data backup, archival and disaster recovery
purposes.
CSCA0101 Computing Basics

71
Storage Devices
Cloud Storage
• Examples:
– Google Drive
– Flickr
– Microsoft Sky Drive
7