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CESC Module 2 - Community Dynamics

This document discusses community dynamics and the factors that can cause changes in community power structures and population composition over time. It defines community dynamics as changes in community power hierarchies and demographic characteristics. Community power structures and population composition are influenced by authority, influence, fertility, mortality, and migration. The power structure and influential actors in a community can change as people gain or lose bases of power and influence.

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erikah
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619 views

CESC Module 2 - Community Dynamics

This document discusses community dynamics and the factors that can cause changes in community power structures and population composition over time. It defines community dynamics as changes in community power hierarchies and demographic characteristics. Community power structures and population composition are influenced by authority, influence, fertility, mortality, and migration. The power structure and influential actors in a community can change as people gain or lose bases of power and influence.

Uploaded by

erikah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES

In this module, you will be able to:


• Discuss community dynamics and its elements –
community power and community population
composition.
• Identify and explain factors resulting to community
dynamics.
• Determine the power structure of a community and
explain the key concepts of community power.
• Discuss ways on how to identify community power
actors.
What is
community
dynamics?
COMMUNITY DYNAMICS…

This refers to the changes


that occur in the
community power
structures and population
composition over time.
COMMUNITY POWER STRUCTURES
These are hierarchical
interrelationships that govern the
interaction of individuals among
each other within localized group
setting (Shively 1994a, Kuponiyi 2008).
COMMUNITY POWER STRUCTURES

CHAIRMAN ELITE

CONSTITUENTS FINANCIALLY
POOR
COMMUNITY POPULATION COMPOSITION

This refers to common demographic


variables that describe the size,
distribution, and characteristics of
the population.
COMMUNITY POWER
STRUCTURES
AND
COMMUNITY POPULATION
COMPOSITION
CAN CHANGE OVER TIME.
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Power Structures
AUTHORITY
The kind of power that one has over
another by virtue of an elected
position or an office appointment that
is based on codified laws and
regulations (USDA 2005; Weber 2015). This
is called the formal power structure.
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Power Structures
INFLUENCE
The kind of power that a person
possesses over another by virtue of
other people’s positive perception of
his or her competence and ability
(USDA 2005). This is often referred to as
informal power.
The positive perception of people may come from a
combination of two or more bases on influence such
as the following:
• Observed skills in leading with others
people • Mature age (40-65 y/o)
• Above average income • Professional type of
• Moderate to high level of occupation or successful
education entrepreneurship
• Commendable past • Good family background
achievements • Long-term residence
• Good public relation skills • Active in community
• Wide internal and affairs
external linkages • Control ad access to
• Trustworthiness and material resources, jobs,
dependability in dealing credit and mass media
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Power Structures
Power actors in the community are not
necessarily those who hold positions of
authority by virtue of an elected position or
an office.
Power actors can be anyone in the
community as long as they have the bases of
influence – thus making changes in the
community power structures more fluid and
vibrant.
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Power Structures
Power actors also significantly shape
community they call “routes” to informal
power, thus;
 Status – attainment of influence by virtue of
family prominence, positions held, past
achievements or personal prestige
 Wealth – attainment of influence by virtue
of using one’s money and material
resources
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Power Structures
 Expertise – attainment of influence by
virtue of possessing hard-earned specific
knowledge and abilities such as being a
lawyer, banker, entrepreneur, accountant,
etc.
 Charisma – attainment of influence by
virtue of having unique qualities of personal
magnetism that people naturally follow,
often with blind devotion
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Fertility

• Mortality

• Migration
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Fertility
This refers to the actual reproductive
performance (number of child births) that can
be expected of a person, couple, group or
population during woman’s childbearing years
normally defined as 15-49 years of age
(Population Reference Bureau 2015; Statistics
New Zealand 2015)
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Fertility
Fertility rates are subject to internal and
external determinants:
 social and legal preconditions of marriage
 use of birth control methods (whether artificial
or natural)
 level of education
 level of economic and social development
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Mortality
Refers to the demographic process relating to
deaths, often summarized by death rates, survival
rates and life expectancy (Statistics New Zealand
2015b).
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition
• Mortality
A decrease in death rates, an increase in
survival rates which lead to longer life
expectancy are indicators of healthy people in a
community brought by increased access in food
and nutrition, public health and social services
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Migration
Refers to the process of moving from one place to
another. It could also be the movement across a
specified boundary for a considerable period of time
and for various reasons (personal, economic,
sociocultural, political, environmental in nature) in
order to establish a temporary or even permanent
abode (INDEPTH Network 2015; Sociology Guide
2016)
Factors Affecting Changes in Community
Population Composition

• Migration
(1) Internal
- Movement of people within the same
geographical area or region
(2) External
- Movement of people is from a national
boundary to another

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