Chapter One

Introduction

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 1

 Objectives
 At the end of the lesson students should be able to:
 Understand the process of software development
 Understand the concept of event driven programming
 Understand the .NET framework and its structure
 Identify the components of Visual Studio IDE
 Build C# project using Visual Studio IDE
 Debug C# Project

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 2

 Contents
 Software development process
 Fundamentals of Event Driven Programming
 What’s an event driven program?
 Introduction to .NET framework
 Working in the Integrated Development Environment
 Building Your First Application in Visual studio 2013
 Debugging Your Applications

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 3

 Event Driven Programming
 Event
 things that happen:
> An event can be defined as a type of signal to the program that something has happened.
 For example,
> The event is generated by external user actions such as mouse movements, mouse clicks, and
keystrokes, or by the operating system, such as a timer.
 Event driven programming
 is a programming paradigm in which the flow of program execution is determined by
events
 In event-driven programming, code is executed upon activation of events.
 For example a user action such as a mouse click, key press, or a message form the
operating system or another program
 An event-driven application is designed to
 detect events as they occur, and then
 deal with them using an appropriate event-handling procedure
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 4
 …Event
 Selected User Actions
Event Type
User Action Generated

Click a button ActionEvent

Click a check box ItemEvent, ActionEvent
Click a radio button ItemEvent, ActionEvent
Press return on a text field ActionEvent
Select a new item ItemEvent, ActionEvent
Window opened, closed, etc. WindowEvent
Mouse pressed, released, etc. MouseEvent
Key released, pressed, etc. KeyEvent

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 5

 Event …
 Event driven, code-behind programming…
 Event source
 Event
> individual user actions are translated into “events”
 Event listener
 Event handler
> events are passed, 1 by 1, to application for processing
 A visual programming IDE such as MS Visual Studio
 provides much of the code for detecting events and
 Wires event listener to event handler automatically when a new application created
 The programmer concentrates on
 User Interface design
 Writing the event handler/the code
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 6
 Event …
 Structural Development >
 Procedural Programming
> Event handlers implemented as subroutines
> The flow of program execution was
 determined by the programmer, and
 controlled from within the application’s main routine.

 Modern event-driven program,

 there is no visible flow of control
 The main routine is an event-loop that
> waits for an event to occur, and then
> invokes the appropriate event-handling routine
 Since the code for this event loop is
> usually provided by the event-driven development environment or framework
> largely invisible to the programmer, application is a collection of event handler routines
 Accelerated by the introduction of GUI
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 7
 Event …
 OO Development >
 OO Programming
> Object
 Real world entity
> Class
 is an object template
 defines the
• attributes,
• methods and The relationship between an object and an
application
• events that will be implemented in any
object created with it. Credit: www.technologyuk.net
> An object is an instance of a class

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 8

 How event-driven programming works?
 The central element of an event-driven application is
 a scheduler/listener
> that receives a stream of events and
> passes each event to the relevant event-handler
 continue to remain active until it encounters an event
> e.g. "End_Program“ - that causes it to terminate the application
 Event includes
 actions performed by the user during the execution of a program
> Click event, Key press event, Speak event, Touch event, …
 messages generated by the operating system or another application
 an interrupt generated by a peripheral device or system hardware
 Timely generated message
 Message sent via network from other system
 The events are dealt with by a central event-handler (usually called a dispatcher or scheduler or listener)
 that runs continuously in the background and waits for an even to occur.
 When an event does occur,
 the scheduler/ listener must determine the type of event and call the appropriate event-handler to deal with it.
 The information passed to the event handler by the scheduler will vary, but will include sufficient information
to allow the event-handler to take any action necessarily.
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 9
 How event …
do forever: // the main scheduler loop

    get event from input stream

    if event type == EndProgram:

        quit // break out of event loop

    else if event type == event_01:

        call event-handler for event_01 with event parameters

    else if event type == event_02:

        call event-handler for event_02 with event parameters

    .
    .
    .
A simple event-driven programming paradigm
    else if event type == event_nn: Credit: www.technologyuk.net
        call event-handler for event_nn with event parameters

    else handle unrecognized event // ignore or raise exception

end loop

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 10

 Event-driven programming Language
 Almost all object-oriented and visual languages support event-driven programming
 C#, Visual Basic, Visual C++ and Java are examples of such languages.
 A visual programming IDE such as Visual Studio
 provides much of the code for detecting events automatically when a new application is created
 In this course we use C#, to develop event driven program
 C#
 pronounced as see sharp
 is a multi-paradigm programming language
 enables developers to build a variety of secure and robust applications that run on the .NET Framework
 Can used to create
> Windows client applications,
> Windows Store apps
> XML Web services,
> distributed components,
> client-server applications,
> database applications, and much, much more.

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 11

 Introduction to .NET framework
 .NET is
 pronounced as “dot net”
 a software framework that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows.
 provides a common platform to Execute or, Run the applications developed in various
programming languages.
 Microsoft announced the .NET initiative in July 2000.
 The main intention was to bridge the gap in interoperability between services of various
programming languages
 The .NET Framework is designed to fulfill the following objectives:
Provide object-oriented programming environment
Language choice
> Provide environment for developing various types of applications, such as Windows-based
applications, Web-based applications, Windows 8 app, Mobile app
To ensure that code based on the .NET Framework can integrate with any other code
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 12
 .NET Framework …
VB C++ C# JScript …

Common Language Specification

Visual Studio 2013

Windows
ASP.NET ADO.NET
Forms

Mobile App Windows 8 App

(CLR) Common Language Runtime

Operating System

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 13

 .NET Framework …
 The .NET Framework consists of:
 The Common Language Specification (CLS)
> contains guidelines, that language should follow so that they can communicate
with other .NET languages
> responsible for Type matching.
 The Framework Base Class Libraries (BCL)
> a consistent, object-oriented library of prepackaged functionality and
Applications.
 The Common Language Runtime (CLR)
> A language-neutral development & execution environment that provides
common runtime for application execution .

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 14

 .NET Framework …
 Common Language Specification (CLS) performs the following
functions:
 Establishes a framework that helps enable
> cross-language integration,
> type safety, and
> high performance code execution
 Provides an object-oriented model
> that supports the complete implementation of many programming languages
 Defines rules that languages must follow,
> which helps ensure that objects written in different languages can interact with
each other

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 15

 .NET Framework …
 .NET Framework Base Class Library (FBC)
 The Class Library is a comprehensive, object-oriented collection of
reusable types
 These class library can be used to develop applications that include:
> Traditional command-line applications
> Graphical user interface (GUI) applications
> Applications based on the latest innovations provided by ASP.NET
 Web Forms
 XML Web services
> Windows 8 Apps
Unified Classes
> Mobile Apps Mobile App
Web Classes
Classes
Windows Windows 8
Data Classes
Form Classes Classes

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 16

 .NET Framework …
 Common Language Runtime (CLR) ensures:
> A common runtime environment for all .NET languages
> Uses Common Type System (strict-type & code-verification)
> Memory allocation and garbage collection
> Intermediate Language (IL) to native code compiler. Which Compiles MSIL code
into native executable code
> Security and interoperability of the code with other languages
 Over 36 languages supported today
> C#, VB, Jscript, Visual C++ from Microsoft
> Perl, Python, Smalltalk, Cobol, Haskell, Mercury, Eiffel, Oberon, Oz, Pascal, APL,
CAML, Scheme, etc.

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 17

 .NET Framework …
Execution in CLR
Source
VB C# C++ ...
code
Compiler Compiler Compiler
.Net compatible language
Managed CLS compile to a second
platform-neutral
code Assembly Assembly Assembly language called Common
IL Code IL Code IL Code Intermediate Language

The platform specific CLR

Common Language Runtime compiles CIL to machine
readable code that can
JIT Compiler be executed on the
current platform

Native Code

Operating System Services

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 18
 .NET Framework …
Comparison to Java

compile execute
Hello.java Hello.class JVM

Source code Byte code

Hello.cs compile Hello.exe execute CLR

Source code CIL

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 19

 Visual Studio IDE
 Microsoft has introduced Visual Studio IDE
 which is a set of tool in a single application for developing .NET applications by
using
> programming languages such as VB, C#, VC++ and VJ#, etc.
 used to create applications such as Windows Store apps, Windows desktop
apps, console apps, Web apps, and Windows Phone apps
 Visual Studio provides
 Automatic skeleton code generation
 Rapid coding experience
 Everything at your fingertips
> Different tools, easily navigability
 Customizability and
 Extensibility
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 20
 Visual Studio …

ea
kar
or
W

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 21

 Navigating the Visual Studio Environment
 The Menu
 The menu bar is a standard part of most windows applications.
 “File,” “Edit,” “View,” “Tools,” and so on.
 Toolbar
 contains frequently accessed functionality that is a subset of what is available via menus
 Work area
 use to write code and work with visual designers
 Toolbox
 contains a context sensitive list of controls that can be dragged and dropped onto the current designer
surface
 Solution Explorer
 is where your solutions, projects, and project items will appear
 Status Bar
 communicates what is happening with VS at the current time
 Much more
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 22
 Managing Visual Studio Windows
 Expanding and Collapsing
Windows
 Docking Windows
 Floating Windows
 Tabbed Windows
 Closing and Opening
Windows
 Resetting All Settings

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 23

 Familiarization with Visual Studio Project Types
 Windows Projects
 Store Apps
 Web Projects
 Office Projects
 SharePoint Projects
 Database Projects

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 24

 Building Your First Application in VS 2013
 Start Visual Studio 2013
 New Project
 Select project template
 Select project
 The most common applications are:
 Windows Form Application
 Console Application
 WPF Application
 Windows Store App
 ASP.NET Web Application
 Silverlight Application
 Provide project name, location
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 25
 Building Your First Application …

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 26

 Building Your First Application …

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 27

 Building Your First Application …
 Console Application
 Code Editor

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 28

 Building Your First Application …
 Desktop Application

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 29

 Building Your First Application …
Program Code Form Design Code

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 30

 Using the intrinsic controls
 Controls
 Used to create user interface
 TextBox
 Label
 Button
 CheckBox
 ListBox
 ComboBox
 ListView
…

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 31

 Methods, Properties, and Events
 Methods
 Are extremely useful because they allow you to separate your logic into different units
 Are similar to functions, procedure or subroutine used in other programming languages
 The difference is that a method is always a part of a class
 Properties
 Attribute of an object
 Example
> TextBox – Color, Font Family, Font Size
 Events
 An action the object responds
 Example
> TextBox – TextChanged Event
> Button – Click event, …

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 32

 Debugging Your Applications
 In Visual Studio we have lots of
Build and Debugging Tools
 Build menu
 The most used tool is “Build Solution”

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 33

 Debugging …
 Debug menu:
 The most used tool is “Start
Debugging” (Shortcut Key: F5)

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 34

 Debugging …
 Console Program

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 35

 Debugging …
 Desktop program

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 36

 More information on
 John Sharp. Microsoft Visual C# 2013 Step by Step, 2015
Microsoft Press USA
 Joel Murach, Anne Boehm. Murach C# 2012, Mike Murach &
Associates Inc USA, 2013
 http
://www.technologyuk.net/computing/software_development/ev
ent_driven_programming.shtml
, accessed on date 2/18/2016
 Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 Product
Guide, 2012

08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C# 37

 Thank You!
?
08/31/2022 Windows Programming with C#