Database Management System

Presented By-
SOHAM MAJUMDER
ROLL NO-30400921029
What is DBMS?

• Database Management Systems (DBMS) are software systems used to store, retrieve, and run queries on data. A
DBMS serves as an interface between an end-user and a database, allowing users to create, read, update, and delete
data in the database.

• DBMS manage the data, the database engine, and the database schema, allowing for data to be manipulated or
extracted by users and other programs. This helps provide data security, data integrity, concurrency, and uniform data
administration procedures.

• DBMS optimizes the organization of data by following a database schema design technique called normalization,
which splits a large table into smaller tables when any of its attributes have redundancy in values. DBMS offer many
benefits over traditional file systems, including flexibility and a more complex backup system.

• Database management systems can be classified based on a variety of criteria such as the data model, the database
distribution, or user numbers. The most widely used types of DBMS software are relational, distributed, hierarchical,
object-oriented, and network.
 Types of DBMS
• Distributed database management system
• A distributed DBMS is a set of logically interrelated databases distributed over a network that is managed by a
centralized database application. This type of DBMS synchronizes data periodically and ensures that any change to
data is universally updated in the database.
• Hierarchical database management system
• Hierarchical databases organize model data in a tree-like structure. Data storage is either a top-down or bottom-up
format and is represented using a parent-child relationship.
• Network database management system
• The network database model addresses the need for more complex relationships by allowing each child to have
multiple parents. Entities are organized in a graph that can be accessed through several paths.
• Relational database management system
• Relational database management systems (RDBMS) are the most popular data model because of its user-friendly
interface. It is based on normalizing data in the rows and columns of the tables. This is a viable option when you
need a data storage system that is scalable, flexible, and able to manage lots of information.
• Object-oriented database management system
• Object-oriented models store data in objects instead of rows and columns. It is based on object-oriented
programming (OOP) that allows objects to have members such as fields, properties, and methods.
Functions Of DBMS
• 1. Data Dictionary Management
• Data Dictionary Management is the one of the most important function of database management system.DBMS
stores definitions of the data elements and their relationships (metadata) in a data dictionary.
• 2. Data Storage Management
• One of the DBMS functionality is creating and managing the complex structures required for data storage, thus
relieving you from the difficult task of defining and programming the physical data characteristics . A modern DBMS
system provides storage not only for the data, but also for related data entry forms or screen definitions, report
definitions, data validation rules, procedural code, structures to handle video and picture formats, and so on.
• 3. Data transformation and presentation
• The DBMS transforms entered data in to required data structures. The DBMS relieves you of the chore of making a
distinction between the logical data format and the physical data format. That is, the DBMS formats the physically
retrieved data to make it conform to the user’s logical expectations.
• 4. Security Management
• Security Management is another important function of Database Management System(DBMS). The DBMS creates a
security system that enforces user security and data privacy. Security rules determine which users can access the
database, which data items each user can access, and which data operations (read, add, delete, or modify) the user
can perform. This is especially important in multiuser database systems.
• 5. Multi User Access Control
• Multiuser access control is another important DBMS Function. To provide data integrity and data consistency, the
DBMS uses sophisticated algorithms to ensure that multiple users can access the database concurrently without
compromising the integrity of the database.
• 6. Backup and Recovery Management
• The DBMS provides backup and data recovery to ensure data safety and integrity.Current DBMS systems provide
special utilities that allow the DBA to perform routine and special backup and restore procedures. Recovery
management deals with the recovery of the database after a failure, such as a bad sector in the disk or a power failure.
• 7. Data Integrity Management
• Data integrity management is another important DBMS function.The DBMS promotes and enforces integrity rules,
thus minimizing data redundancy and maximizing data consistency.The data relationships stored in the data
dictionary are used to enforce data integrity. Ensuring data integrity is important .
• 8. Database Access Languages and Application Programming Interfaces
• The DBMS provides data access through a query language. A query language is a non procedural language—one that
lets the user specify what must be done without having to specify how it is to be done . Structured Query Language
(SQL) is the defacto query language .
• 9. Database Communication Interfaces
• Current-generation DBMS's accept end-user requests via multiple, different network environments. For example, the
DBMS might provide access to the database via the Internet through the use of Web browsers such as Mozilla
Firefox or Microsoft Internet Explorer. In this environment, communications can be accomplished in several ways:
• - End users can generate answers to queries by filling in screen forms through their preferred Web browser.
• - The DBMS can automatically publish predefined reports on a Website.
• - The DBMS can connect to third-party systems to distribute information via e-mail or other productivity
THANK YOU