Internet Service Provider
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sandhya lakshmanInternet Service Provider
Uploaded by
sandhya lakshmanISP
INTERNET SERVICE
PROVIDER
AN INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP),
ALSO SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNET ACCESS PROVIDER (IAP), IS A
COMPANY THAT OFFERS ITS CUSTOMERS
ACCESS TO THE INTERNET.
• In other words, ISP is a service (an access)
provider to a business/company that provides
individuals and organizations access to the
Internet free or for a monthly or yearly fee.
The entity which connect the person to the internet, and
provides the entire internet based services. Such as the
web page building and the hosting, an ISP has the
equipment and telecommunication line, which should
have access of internet for that particular area to be
served. There are various intermediaries in between
providing the material online to the user and by
uploading to online; they basic transmit the work of
third party.
The two main services provided by the ISP are:
•Web site building and hosting: an entity to provide
individual to management of individual and the
business sites.
•Access providing: an entity that arrange for an
individual and organizations to have internet access.
WHAT IS AN INTERMEDIARY?
Internet Service Provider
(ISP)
Online
Googleservices
User generated content
sites
YouTube
Blogger
Flickr
Internet
café
Hotel
University
Workplace
Restaurants
A R E I N T E R M E D I AR I E S L I A B L E FO R
C O N T E N T P L AC E D BY T H E I R
C U S TO M E R S ?
FOR COMPLETE INTERNET
CONNECTIVITY..??
• You must be able to reach all destinations on
the net.
• Your packets have to get delivered to every
destination.
• Packets from everywhere else have to “find
you”. This is done by having your ISP(s)
advertise routes for you.
TYPES OF ISP
• An Internet Service Providers are categorized
as:-
1. Regional ISP’s
2. National ISPs.
• Other than Internet connection, ISPs may also
provide related services like Web site hosting
& development, e-mail hosting, domain name
registration etc.
REGIONAL ISP
A regional ISP usually provides Internet access
to a specific geographic area and usually has a
smaller technical support team
NATIONAL
ISP
•A national ISP is a business that provides Internet access in
cities and towns nationwide and have a much larger technical
support team.
Types of ISP:
•Access provider: they provide internet through
telephone lines, cables and fiber optics.
•Mailbox provider: they use to host the service.
•Hosting ISPs: they offer the services like sending
mails, web hosting machines and virtual machines
and clouds.
•Virtual ISPs: they provide internet services via the
other ISP providers.
•Free ISP: they do not charge any amount for
providing the internet service/
ISP
INTERCONNECTION
• Just as their customers pay them for Internet
access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for
Internet access.
• An upstream ISP usually has a larger network
than the contracting ISP and/or is able to provide
the contracting ISP with access to parts of the
Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no
access to.
THE INTERNET
HIERARCHY
ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple isps
interconnect at peering points or internet
exchange points (ixs), allowing routing of
data between each network, without
charging one another for the data
transmitted—data that would otherwise
have passed through a third upstream isp,
incurring charges from the upstream isp.
Upstream
TECHNOLOGIES
EMPLOYED
• For home users:-
Dial-up
DSL (ADSL)
Broadband wireless access
Cable modem
ISDN
• For medium-to-large
businesses:-
DSL (SDSL or ADSL)
Ethernet Technologies
ISDN
Satellite Internet
RESPONSIBILITY OF AN
ISP
• Providing and maintaining a connection to the
Internet
• Support the hardware and software needed to
service that connection
• To protect their site and network from external
threats such as viruses, hacker attacks and other
illegal activities
• Provide 24-hour customer service and technical
support
Liability under the information technology act,
2000:
In India, under this act, the internet service
providers are called as network service provider.
And defined under the explanation of section 79(a),
it means an intermediary.
And the intermediary is defined under section 2(w)
as any person who on behalf of other persons
receive, store and transmit the any electronic
messages and provide services with respect to them.
The section 79 states the exemption from the
liability of these intermediaries.
It shall not be liable for the infringement of
the third part data if-
•The function of intermediary is to access
the communication system and the
information is provided on it.
•The intermediary does not select the
receiver and modify the information
contained in the receiver.
•The intermediary observes the guidelines of
central government and take due diligence
while discharging their duty.
The section 79(3) states that these are liable in the
following conditions:
• The intermediary has conspired and abetted the
offences under this act; they threat another person
or promise to do any act which is unlawful in
nature.
•That the information, data, links are been shared
for any unlawful act, or on receiving the
information of this nature from the government,
the intermediary doesn’t remove it or disable to
access it.
The act states that which are not liable to be
infringement, and widen the scope, that except
these others things can be liable to infringement.
Criminal liability:
The criminal liability comes when he done the act of infringement or abets
for doing the act of infringement of copyright or any other rights conferred
on it.
In this situation the punishment may extend up to one year or with fine.
How can the ISPs be exempt from the liability?
•Lack of knowledge: he can escape from liability if he proves that he is
unaware of the happenings that infringing materials is passing and stored
through his server. But if a notice or information of these materials are given
then they can not take the plea of lack of information and has to take the
proper action for removing these types of contents.
•Due diligence: it means he has to take all the precautions and there must be
no negligence on the part of it. As there are millions of files in gigabyte
passed through it, so its not possible to check all of it but if checks some
particular suspicious files then it amount to due diligence. It means duty to
take care and investigate any material which is unlawful and block it
whenever you found it.
