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Gerund e Learning

This document defines gerunds and discusses their different grammatical functions. Gerunds are verbals that end in "-ing" and function as nouns. They can serve as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. The document provides examples of gerunds functioning in these different roles and lists common verbs and prepositions that can be followed by gerunds. It also defines gerund phrases and their internal structure.

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69 views

Gerund e Learning

This document defines gerunds and discusses their different grammatical functions. Gerunds are verbals that end in "-ing" and function as nouns. They can serve as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. The document provides examples of gerunds functioning in these different roles and lists common verbs and prepositions that can be followed by gerunds. It also defines gerund phrases and their internal structure.

Uploaded by

Iss Hot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gerunds

Apriana Diana, SS., M.Pd


Definitions

• A gerund is a verbal that ends in –ing


and functions as a noun.
• Gerunds can be used as a subject,
direct object, subject complement,
and object of preposition because it
functions as a noun.
4 types of gerunds

1. Gerund as a Subjects
2. Gerund as a Predicte Nouns
3. Gerund afer Preposition
(objects of preposition)
4. Gerund after Certain Verbs
(direct objects)
Gerunds as a Subject
• Traveling might
satisfy your desire
for new
experiences.
In this sentence we
see that traveling
is the subject of
satisfy
Gerunds as a Subject

1. Swimming once a week can make us


healthy.

2. Being a nurse is her ambition.

3. Reading a lot is a must for every


student.
Gerund after certain
verbs
1. The policeman found the criminal
hiding in the jungle.

2. I never imagine having a luxurious


house.

3. I love giving knowledge information


so it makes me a teacher now.
Certain verbs

1. Enjoy = Senang/menikmati
2. Finish = Selesai
3. Stop = Berhenti
4. Practice = Mempraktekkan
5. Suggest = Menyarankan
6. Admit = Mengakui
7. Quit = Berhenti
8. Avoid = Menghindari
9. Consider = Mempertimbangkan
10. Mind (- ?) = Keberatan
Certain verbs

11. Detest = Benci


12. Dislike = Tidak suka
13. Dread = Takut
14. Escape = Luput dari
15. Keep = Tetap/terus
16. Involve = Terlibat
17. Risk = Mengambil resiko
18. Postpone = Menunda
19. Delay = Menunda
20. Defer = Menunda
Certain verbs

21. Miss
= Gagal/tidak dapat
22. Resist
= Menentang/melawan
23. Resent
= Marah/benci/merasa
tersinggung
24. Appreciate = Menghargai
25. Excuse = Maaf
26. Fancy = Bayangkan
27.Find = Mendapati
28. Imagine = Bayangkan
29. Pardon = Maafkan
30. Recollect = Mengingat kembali
Certain verbs

31. Smell = Mencium/Membau


32. Like = Suka
33. Advice = Saran
34. Anticipate = Antisipasi
35. Complete = Menyelesaikan
36. Discuss = Diskusi
37. Forget = Lupa
38. Mention = Menyebutkan
39. Permit = Izin
40. Forbid = Melarang
Certain verbs

41. Recall = Memanggil


42. Recommend = Menyarankan
43. Regret = Menyesal
44. Remember = Mengingat
45. Suggest = Masukkan
46. Tolerate = Sabar menghadapi
47. Understand = Mengerti
Gerunds as an Object of
Preposition
• The police arrested
him for speeding.
• Speeding is the object
of for in this example
because it is
explaining the
prepostion (for what?
For speeding.)
Gerund after preposition

1. Ardiyanto is good at designing


houses.
2. Farida is clever at making new
patterns of fashion.

3. I’m proud of being your student.


Common preposition

• Above • By
• For
• About
• From
• Across • In, into, inside
• Among • Of
• Around • Off
• At • Over
• Through
• Before
• To, toward
• Below, beneath • Under
• Beside • Upon
• Between • With
• on
Common preposition
combinations followed by
gerunds

• Be excited about, complain about, talk


about, think about, worry about
• Apologize for, blame for, famous for
• Believe in, interested in, succeed in
• Take care of, instead of, be accused of
• Insist on, count on, concentrate on
• Keep from, prevent from, profit from
• In addition to, look forward to, be used to
Gerunds as a Subject
Complement
• My mom’s favorite
activity is running.
• Running is
explaining the
subject in this
sentence (what
activity? Running.)
Gerund as subject
complement
• We are having supper at the
restaurant.

• Their job is gardening.

• My favorite hobby is teaching.


Gerund Phrase
• A gerund phrase consists of a
gerund plus a modifier, object,
and/or complement.
• Finding a needle in a haystack
would be easier than what we're
trying to do.
• Finding is the gerund in the
italicized phrase.
• Needle is the direct object, and
in a haystack is the prepositional
phrase within the gerund phrase.
QUIZ TIME!

• Daniel started ______ his homework at


12:30 PM.
• He apologized for ______ late.
• He insisted on ______ to the manager
because there was a fly in his soup.
• She made plans for ______ home to go to
Fiji.

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