DEPARTMENT OF CAREER PLANNING

AND DEVELOPMENT
SUBJECT: QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE &
DATA INTERPRETATION-1

INTRODUCTION TO NUMBER SYSTEM

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
 Number System
Course Outcome
CO Number Title Level

CO1 Students will be able Remember

to understand the
different types of
numbers and their
properties.
CO2 Students will learn Understand
divisibility tricks.

CO3 Will learn how to Understand

Calculate with speed
and accuracy.

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INTRODUCTION
Number-A number is a mathematical
object used to count, measure, and
label.

The numeral system : A numeral

system is a writing system for
expressing numbers; that is, a
mathematical notation for representing
numbers of a given set, using digits or
other symbols in a consistent manner.

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Classification of Numbers
The different types of
numbers in maths are:

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 Types of Numbers
Natural Numbers: The numbers 1,2,3,4.... are called natural numbers or positive
integers.

Whole Numbers: The numbers 0,1,2,3.... are called whole numbers. Whole
numbers include “0”.

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 Types of Numbers
Even Numbers : The integers which are divisible by 2 are called even numbers
e.g. -4, 0, 2, 16 etc.

Odd Numbers : The integers which are not divisible by 2 are odd numbers e.g. -7,
-15, 5, 9 etc.

Prime Numbers: Those numbers, which are divisible only by themselves and 1,
are called prime numbers. In other words, a number, which has only two factors, 1
and itself, is called a prime number. e.g. 2, 3, 5, 7, etc.
Note: 2 is the only even prime number.

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 Types of Numbers
Co-Prime Numbers: When two numbers have no common factors other than 1.
21 and 22 are co-prime:
• The factors of 21 are 1, 3, 7 and 21
• The factors of 22 are 1, 2, 11 and 22 (the only common factor is 1)

Composite Number : A composite number is a positive integer that can be formed by

multiplying two smaller positive integers other than 1. Equivalently, it is a positive
integer that has at least one divisor other than 1 and itself.. e.g. 9, 16, 25....
Note: 1 is neither a composite number nor a prime number.

 Consecutive Numbers: Numbers arranged in increasing order and differing by same

value are called consecutive numbers.

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Types of Numbers
Perfect Numbers: In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer
that is equal to the sum of its positive divisors, excluding the number itself.
For instance, 6 has divisors 1, 2 and 3, and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, so 6 is a perfect
number. The next perfect numbers after 6 are: 28, 496 and 8128.

Integers: Integers are like whole numbers, but they also include negative
numbers but still no fractions allowed! So, integers can be negative {−1,
−2,−3, −4, ... }, positive {1, 2, 3, 4, ... }, or zero {0}
Z = {-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3....}

Real Numbers: All the positive and negative integers, fractional and decimal
numbers without imaginary numbers are called real numbers. It is represented
by the symbol “R”.
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 Types of Numbers
Rational Numbers: : Any number that can be written as a fraction is called a Rational
Number. {p/q : p and q are integers, q is not zero} Examples of rational numbers include , 0,
1, 1/2, 22/7etc.

Irrational Numbers: The number that cannot be expressed as the ratio of one over another is
known as irrational numbers and it is represented by the symbol ”P”.

Imaginary Numbers: The imaginary numbers are the complex numbers that can be written
in the form of the product of a real number and the imaginary unit “i”.

Complex Numbers : A complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form a + bi,
where a and b are real numbers, and i represents the imaginary unit, satisfying the equation i²
= −1. Because no real number satisfies this equation, i is called an imaginary number.
Some Important Points
• ∑n= (n (n+1)/2) , ∑n is the sum of first n natural numbers.
 
• ∑n^2 = (n (n+1) (2n+1)/6), ∑n^2 is the sum of first n perfect squares.

• ∑n^3 = (n^2(n+1) ^2/4) = (∑n) ^2, ∑n^3 is the sum of first n perfect cubes.
• Face Value: Face value is simply defined as the digit itself within a
number. Example: Face value of 5 in 350 is: 5
• Place Value:Place value is defined as the digit multiplied wherever it is placed,
either by hundreds or thousands. Example: Place value of 5 in 350 is: 5*10=
50
Decimal to fraction conversion
Category I :- decimal to fraction conversion depends on the recurring element of
a number.
if there is bar on one digit then in the denominator 10-1= 9 used
if there is bas on two digits , then in denominator 100-1 = 99 used
So, denominator value depend upon the number of digits below bar or number
of recurring digit.
Decimal to fraction conversion
Category II:- if the recurring element is started from the other than the starting
decimal value, then based upon the position we multiply or divide the power of
10.

Category III :- If there is mixture of non-recurring and recurring elements in a

number. In that case the denominator and multiple of power of 10 depends only
on recurring value, but numerator value changed accordingly(full digit number –
non- recurring value).
 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
 Q1.If the sum two numbers is 31 and their product is 240, then find the absolute difference
between the numbers.
a. 1
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
Answer-A

Q 2. Find the three consecutive odd numbers whose sum of the squares is 1331.

a. 19, 21, 23
b. 23, 25, 27
c. 27, 29, 31
d. 31, 33, 35
Answer-A
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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Q 3. The sum of squares of three numbers is 77 and the sum of their products
taken two at a time is 74. Find their sum.
a. 35
b. 15
c. 20
d.18
Answer-B
Q 4. The average of 3 consecutive even numbers is 18, find the smallest of these
numbers.
a. 15
b. 16
c. 20
d. 26
Answer-16
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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Q 5. Find a positive number which when increased by 7 is equal to 60 times the
reciprocal of the number
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 9
Answer-C
Q 6. The product of fraction A and B is (3/64). Find the value of fraction A, if
fraction A is thrice fraction B.

a. 7/9
b. 5/7
c. 3/8
d. 5/9
Answer-C 15
 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Q 7. What is the fractional value of 2.34444….
a. 233/99
b. 233/90
c. 211/90
d. 211/99
Answer-C
Q 8. Does All the prime numbers are co-prime to all other natural numbers?

a. true
b. false

Answer - False

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 APPLICATIONS
 Where we use calculation.
 Where we have to deal with numbers.
 In daily life we buy or sell something so we have
to deal in calculations.

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 REFERENCES
Reference Books:
Quantitative Aptitude by Dr. RS Aggarwal
Arihant Publication Books for Aptitude

Reference websites:
https://competition.careers360.com/numbersystem
https://www.indiabix.com/numbersystem
https://www.freshersnow.com/numbersystem

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THANK YOU

For queries
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