Answer for Tutorial 2

BMMM 2343
Basic Tribology
1. A cylinder having a mass of 250 kg is
to be supported by the cord which wraps
over the pipe. Determine the smallest
vertical force F needed to support the load
if the cord passes (a) once over the pipe,β
= 180° and (b) two times over the pipe, β
= 540°.Take μs = 0.2
Gather all the variable given:
Frictional Force on Flat Belt : Here , T1 = F and T2 = 250(9.81) = 2452.5
Given equation for Flat Belt : T2 = T1
μs = 0.2

a) If = 180o =
T 2 = T1
2452.5 = F
F = 1308.38 N = 1.31 kN
T1 =

b) If = 540o =
T2 = 250 x 9.81
T 2 = T1
2452.5 = F
F = 327.38 N = 372 N
2. A cylinder having a mass of 250 kg is
to be supported by the cord which wraps
over the pipe. Determine the largest
vertical force F that can be applied to the
cord without moving the cylinder. The
cord passes (a) once over the pipe, β =
180°, and (b) two times over the pipe, β =
540°.Take μs = 0.2.
Gather all the variable given:
Frictional Force on Flat Belt : Here , T1 = 250(9.81) = 2452.5 and T2 = F
Given equation for Flat Belt : T2 = T1
μs = 0.2

a) If = 180o =
T 2 = T1
F = 2452.5
F = 4597.10 N = 4.60 kN
T2 =

b) If = 540o =
T1 = 250 x 9.81
T 2 = T1
F = 2452.5
F = 16152.32 N = 16.2 kN
3. The collar bearing uniformly
supports an axial force of P= 4
kN. If the coefficient of static
friction is μs = 0.3, determine the
torque M required to overcome
friction.

• Equation for M
• M = µs P
• httpshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ddhr7l3sk
qA://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhJ6SZrIx0Q

(info about the idea of this case)

Gather all the variable given:
Axial force, P = 4 kN and µs = 0.3

Given equation for Moment :

R2 = 75/2 mm
M = µs P

M = (0.3)(4)

M=
R1 = 50/2 mm
4. The collar bearing uniformly
supports an axial force of P=
2.5kN. If a torque of M = 5
Nm is applied to the shaft and
causes it to rotate at constant
velocity, determine the
coefficient of kinetic friction at
the surface of contact.

• Equation for M
• M = µs P
• httpshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ddhr7l3sk
qA://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fhJ6SZrIx0Q

(info about the idea of this case)

Gather all the variable given:
Axial force, P = 2.5 kN and Moment = 5 N.m , Find µk = ?

Given equation for Moment :

R2 = 75/2 mm
M = µk P

5 = µk (2.5)

µk =
R2 = 50/2 mm
5. A surface of a part is measured
using profilometer. The result is
shown in Figure Q1 and Table 1.
Estimate the result that the
profilometer would give using
Centre Line Average (CLA) method
and Root Mean Square (RMS)
method.
Put  all  the  vibrable given  by  the  question
• Note that the mean of the curve is
not zero; this is most likely due to
the fact that this is only a partial
surface profile. We will continue as
if it were a zero mean. Consider
the Ra and Rq values using all of
the data. Also, note that all
distances are absolute values, so
only positive numbers are used in
calculations.
 6. A smooth, hard ceramic ball is pressed
against the flat, smooth surface of a bulk
Modulus of sample of mild steel. The mechanical
Material Radius, R (mm) elasticity, E Hardness (GPa) Poisson’s ratio, v properties of materials are listed below:
(GPa) What radius of the contact to initiate
yield in the steel plate? Assume that
Ceramic 10 450 20 0.3 H ~ 2.8Y. Yield will occur when
Steel ∞ 200 5 0.3

W • Effective Radius of Curvature:

1 1 1
 
R R1 R2

• Effective Young’s modulus

1 1  12 1  22
 
E* E1 E2

• Contact Radius
1/ 3
 3WR 
a * 
 4E 
Gather all the variable given:
W
Find radius of contact, 𝑎y = ?
 3WR 
1/ 3
E2,2
a * 
 4E 
R2

𝑎y Original

shape
2a
E1,1
R1
Calculate , R* Calculate , E* Calculate , Wy

( )
2
1 1 1 1 1  12 1  22 𝑌2
 
R R1 R2 E*

E1

E2
𝑊 𝑦 =21.17 𝑅 𝑌
𝐸
∗ E = Young’s modulus
v = Poisson’s ratio
W = Contact load
( ) =520 𝑁
9 3
−2 2 5 × 10
21.17 ( 10 )
2.8
𝑊 𝑦= 2
( 152.2× 10 9 )