POVERTY
PRESENTED BY GROUP - G
PRESENTED BY GROUP-G
BSC NURSING 2 YEAR
ND
DEFINITION
POVERTY IS THE INSUFFICIENT SUPPLY OF THOSE THINGS ,WHICH
ARE REQUISITE FOR AN INDIVIDUAL TO MAINTAIN HIMSELF AND
THOSE DEPENDENT UPON HIM IN HEALTH AND VIGOUR – GODDARD
JG.
CERTAIN FACTS ABOUT POVERTY:-
INDIA BEING HOME TO OVER 1.2 BILLION PEOPLE IS THE SECOND MOST POPULOUS NATION ON
EARTH.
ABOUT 67 PERCENT OF INDIA’S POPULATION LIVES BELOW THE POVERTY LINE.
MUMBAI, THE NATION MOST POPULOUS CITY IS HOME TO OVER 22MILLION PEOPLE AND AROUND 77
PERCENT OF THE RESIDENTS RESIDE IN SLUM LIKE CONDITIONS.
TYPES OF POVERTY
ABSOLUTE POVERTY - INDIVIDUAL IS NOT ABLE TO
MAINTAIN A MINIMUM DECENT STANDARD OF LIVING TO
MAINTAIN HIMSELF AND HIS FAMILY.
RELATIVE POVERTY – A PERSON MAYBE RELATIVELY POOR
AMONG THE PERSONS OF HIS OWN GROUP WHO ARE
RELATIVELY RICH.
CAUSES OF POVERTY
(i) Heavy pressure of population:
India’s population was 84.63 crores in 1991 and became
102.87 crores in 2001. This pressure of population proves
hindrance in the way of economic development.
(ii) Unemployment and under employment:
Due to continuous rise in population, there is chronic
unemployment and under employment in India.
Poverty is just the reflection of unemployment.
(iii) Under-developed economy:
The Indian economy is under developed due to low rate of
growth. It is the main cause of poverty.
(iv) Low rate of growth:
The growth rate of the economy has been 3.7%
and growth rate of population has been 1.8%. So
compared to population, per capita growth rate
of economy has been very low. It is the main
cause of poverty
(v) Rural Economy:
-Indian economy is rural economy. Indian agriculture is backward.
(vi) Lack of Skilled Labour:
-In India, unskilled labour is in abundant supply but skilled labour is less
due to insufficient industrial education and training.
(viii) Lack of proper Industrialisation:
-Industrially, India is a backward state. 3% of total working population is
engaged in industry. So industrial backwardness is major cause of
poverty.
.
(viii) Outdated Social institutions:
The social structure of our country is full of outdated traditions and
customs like caste system, laws of inheritance and succession. These
hamper the growth of economy.
(ix) Improper use of Natural Resources:
India has large natural resources like iron, coal, manganese, mica etc. It
has perennial flowing rivers that can generate hydro electricity. Man
power is abundant. Due to the improper use of this resources it has lead to
poverty.
THE VICIOUS CYCLE OF POVERTY
EFFECTS OF POVERTY
HEALTH
EDUCATION
ECONOMY
SOCIETY
ANTI- POVERTY PROGRAMMES OF INDIA:-
1. Integrated Rural Development Programme:
The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP), which was introduced
in 1978-79 and universalized from 2nd October, 1980.
Aimed at providing assistance to the rural poor in the form of subsidy and
bank credit for productive employment opportunities through successive plan
periods.’
2. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana/Jawahar Gram Samriddhi Yojana:
The JRY was meant to generate meaningful employment opportunities for the
unemployed and underemployed in rural areas through the creation of economic
infrastructure and community and social assets.
3. Employment Assurance Scheme:
The Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) was launched on 2nd October, 1993, covering
1,778 drought-prone, desert, tribal and hill area blocks.
The EAS was designed to provide employment in the form of manual work in the lean
of agricultural season. The works taken up under the programme were expected to
lead to the creation of durable economic and social infrastructure and address the
needs of people.
4. Food for Work Programme:
The Food for Work Programme was started in 2000-01 as a component of EAS. It was
first launched in eighth drought-affected states of Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Uttaranchal.
It aims at enhancing food security through wage employment.
5. Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana:
-The JGSY and Food for Work Programme were revamped
and merged under the new Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar
Yojana (SGRY) Scheme from 1st September, 2001.
The main objective of the scheme continues to be the
generation of wage employment, creation of durable
economic infrastructure in rural areas and provision of food
and nutrition security for the poor.
6. Rural Housing – Indira Awaas Yojana:
-The Indira Awaas Yojana (LAY) programme aims at providing
free housing to Below Poverty Line (BPL) families in rural
areas
IT mainly targets the households of SC/STs.
CONCLUSION
THANK YOU FOR BEING PATIENT..
