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PNS: Code of Good Animal Husbandry Practice For Sheep

This document outlines standards for good animal husbandry practices for sheep farms. It covers topics such as farm management responsibilities, animal welfare responsibilities, farm facilities and housing requirements, feeding and health management, and transportation. The key requirements include providing adequate housing, nutrition, health care and handling of sheep in a manner that protects their welfare and minimizes stress, pain and injury. Farms must follow all relevant legislation regarding animal welfare and environmental protection.

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Oliver Talip
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282 views35 pages

PNS: Code of Good Animal Husbandry Practice For Sheep

This document outlines standards for good animal husbandry practices for sheep farms. It covers topics such as farm management responsibilities, animal welfare responsibilities, farm facilities and housing requirements, feeding and health management, and transportation. The key requirements include providing adequate housing, nutrition, health care and handling of sheep in a manner that protects their welfare and minimizes stress, pain and injury. Farms must follow all relevant legislation regarding animal welfare and environmental protection.

Uploaded by

Oliver Talip
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PNS: Code of Good Animal

Husbandry Practice for Sheep


Flow of the topic
1. Quick recap 8. Farm Management

2. Defi nition of terms 9. Other Farm Management

3. Minimum Requirements 10.Animal welfare management

4. Responsibilities of the Farm 11.Animal Transportation


Operators and Workers
12.Biosecurity measures
5. Animal welfare Responsibilities
13.Farm Sanitation Program and
6. Farm Location Environmental Management

7. Animal housing and facilities


Quick brackground of the
Sheep
Sheep, (Ovis aries), a species
o f   d o m e s t i c a te d   r u m i n a n t   ( c u d -
chewing) mammal, ra i s e d f or its meat,
milk, and wool.

• Sheep a re G ra z e r s , easier to c on t a i n ,
B e t t e r a d op t e d t o c o n t a i n a n d e a s i e r t o
handle and manage.

• The sheep is usually stockier than its


r e l a t i ve t h e   g o a t   ( g e n u s   C a p ra ) .

• S h e e p – M e a t f ro m a m a t u r e s h e e p i s
c a l l e d m u t t o n , w h i l e m e a t f r o m a yo u n g
sheep or lamb is also called lamb.

• S h e e p u s u a l l y h a ve s h or t t a i l s a n d n o
horns.
Defi nition of terms
• disbudding removal or destruction of
horn buds, done in young animals
whose horns have not yet formed.

• Castration Removal of the testes.

The procedure stops most


production of
the hormone testosterone. 

• dehorning removal of horns after


they have already formed.
Defi nition of terms
• Forage- anything grown on the ground
intended for use as animal feed, whether
for grazing,

• Hoof tri mming is a procedure to allow


the animals to walk normally. The lack of
trimming, or improper trimming, can lead
to foot and leg problems .

• Shearing removal of the wool or fl eece


of the sheep.
Minimum requirements

A. The farm owner/operator and farm workers should undergo training


on the necessary knowledge and skills about basic procedures of
farm management including the correct handling of animal, pasture
development, forage development, feeding management, animal
health management and, other routine management practices and
usage of farm tools or equipment.

B. The farm operator/worker should be responsible for the welfare of


the animals by giving adequate provisions so that they are able to
perform at their optimum levels.
Legal Responsibilities of the farm operator/Owner

A. The farm owner should conform to existing animal farming


and welfare legislation. This covers the management of
environment issues, farm location, animal welfare requirements,
disease control and reporting, dead animal disposal, production
of wholesome food and occupational hazards associated with
animal farming.

B. The farm operator should conform to existing labor legislation .


Animal welfare Responsibilities

a. Maltreatment of animals under his /her care and attention.

b. Neglect of animal, such that it experiences pain, suff ering or distress.

c. Failure to implement the proper feeding program to maintain the live


weight of the animal within the normal physiological range for the species
type, age and sex.

d. Removal of any part of the anatomy without adequate anesthesia,


whenever applicable.
Farm location ( site
location)

A. Be strategically located within the


approved land use plan of the local
government and should be compliant
with the DENR regulations and other
regulations as presc ribed by law (e.g,
Laguna Lake Development Authority ).
Farm location

The farm should:

B. Have a continuous supply of adequate power, potable water


and good access road.

C. Not be prone to fl ooding. Perimeter canals that drain to a


closed lagoon may be constructed to prevent runoff from
contaminating bodies of water and /or adjacent farms.
Site history

If there are available data /information from relevant government


agencies or organizations on the prior land use, then it should be used
to establish that the site is not a possible source of physical, chemical,
microbiological, and other hazards. However, when these data are not
available and uncertainty exists as to the suitability of the land for
agricultural use, it is recommended to have the soil and water source
analyzed for contamination.
Animal housing
A. The farm building should be
designed and constructed
appropriately for the intended
purpose, should provide proper
ventilation and should be well
maintained.
Animal housing

B. The building intended for keeping animals should be constructed in


the orientation that minimizes the adverse eff ects on animal performance
and eliminates possible hazards to its surroundings.

C. The building should be designed and constructed using materials that:


should not cause any injury or impart hazard to the welfare of the
animal; provide comfort; can be easily cleaned and disinfected; l can be
easily replaced when damaged; l create effi cient stock management; and
l enhance biosecurity.

D. There should be an eff ective drainage system in place at the building.


Farm Facilities
Suffi cient pens and fl oor space
should be provided to prevent
overcrowding and permit
necessary segregation of
animals.
Holding yard

• Pen fl oors should be rough fi nished for cemented fl ooring, grass


fi nished or sandy fl ooring and well-drained to provide good footing
and prevent slipping or tripping.

• The holding yard should be constructed in such a way that it will


adequately protect the animals from adverse weather conditions and
will provide suffi cient ventilation.

• The holding yard should have proper facilities for animals to feed and
drink.
Storage facilities
a. Feeds and forage materials, machinery and equipment and chemicals
must be properly stored, with accompanying signages or labels.

b. b. The storage facilities should be kept clean at all times.

c. c. The storage should have adequate ventilation, adequate


protection from moisture to prevent acquisition of molds, and should
be vermin-proof.

d. d. Eff ective stock rotation should be practiced, i.e. “First in – fi rst


out” rule.
Breeding facilities

The breeding facility and equipment should be properly designed to


provide the animals a comfortable and conducive environment for
reproduction.

Isolation Area

There should be a separate area intended for sick, injured and disabled
animals which require necessary veterinary attention.
Condemnation /Disposal facility

There should be a separate area for disposal of mortalities that is


enclosed and isolated, and should conform to existing environmental
waste management regulations.
Farm Management Practices
Animal sourcing, identifi cation and traceability

a. Animal identifi cation should be routinely done (ear tagging and other forms
of identifi cation that are compliant with animal welfare regulations) and the
records of identifi cation for the animals should be kept properly.

b. If the establishment imports animals, updated records of pertinent


documents should be kept.

c. The farm operator should record all movement of animals in and out of the
farm. This includes updated records of veterinary protocols as prescribed by
the concerned authority.
Feeds and nutrition

A. Animals should be provided with optimum level of nutrition at all times, as


required for their respective functions and well-being.

B. There should be adequate and continuous access to clean and safe water.

C. Safe, clean, and adequate rations or feeding materials (silage, grasses,


legumes and concentrates) suited for goats should be provided.

D. In case of farm-mixed feed formulation, farm operators should only use


ingredients from authorized and traceable suppliers. Records of purchases
should be kept.
Breeding and weaning

A. Only sexually mature animals of appropriate age and weight, and free from
any disease or probable inherited abnormality should be bred.

B. In natural mating, appropriate ratio of male to female animals should be


practiced; general recommendation is 1 male for 25 females.

C. Only duly trained certifi ed personnel should perform assisted breeding


techniques (e.g. artifi cial insemination, embryo transfer and ovum pickup) on
the animals.

D. The lambs should be weaned only at a recommended body weight and age.
Other
Management
Practices
Other management practices
A. The farm personnel, when per forming the management practices listed below,
should use the appropriate tools and equipment, obser ve proper procedure
(including provisions for restraint and pain management), and should keep records
of such activities:

• Hoof trimming

• Disbudding /dehorning

• Castration

• Shearing

B. Guard dogs, when used, should be caged.Herding dogs should be properly


trained.
Animal Welfare Management
Animal Welfare Management

a. Proper techniques should be applied to handle and restrain animals. Animals


should always be handled and restrained in such a way to protect them
from fear, stress, pain and injury.

b. Appropriate and functional facilities, equipment, and tools should be used


for eff ective animal handling and restraint, in order to minimize stress and
injury against animals. The operators should acquire the skills and
techniques to use the tools properly .
Animal
Transportation
Animal transportation
In accordance with the Animal Welf are Act, the following measures should be obser ved
during the transpor t of animals:

a. Soiling and cross-contamination with fecal material should be minimized; b. Records


that include animal identifi cation and place of origin should be carried during
transpor t;

c. Undue stress and /or risk from injur y during loading, transpor t and unloading should
be avoided;

d. Whenever necessar y, separate each animals to avoid injur y during transpor t;

e. Whenever necessar y, underloaded vehicles should contain par titions to avoid injur y
of animals during transpor t.
Biosecurity Measures
Biosecurity measures

a. The farm should have a written protocol of biosecurity measures. Proper


warning signage should be provided

b. Biosecurity procedures should be well implemented and continuously


monitored to prevent introduction of disease into the farm and /or to control
its spread within the farm.

c. The biosecurity measures should take into consideration the relevant


diseases identifi ed by local regulations /authority.
d. All incoming animals should undergo the appropriate quarantine measures.

e. Farm visitors and workers should undergo the appropriate quarantine


measures.

f. Stray animals should not be allowed within the premises. Sentinel animals,
when used, should be properly restrained /contained.

g. Imported animals and animal products should be accompanied by offi cial


documentation from the competent authority.
Farm Sanitation Program and
Environmental Management
a. Farm premises should be kept clean and free of potential conditions
conducive to breeding of pests, animal parasites and disease outbreak. This
is to avoid negative eff ects on the landscape, environment and animal
welfare.

b. Organic materials should be regularly removed from all livestock contact


surfaces (i.e. fl oors, pen partitions). Where bedding is used, it should be
regularly replaced.

c. The farm should have a proper and functional drainage system towards a
water treatment facility. Solid and liquid waste should be managed and
disposed according to existing relevant guidelines imposed by competent
authorities.
d. The farm should have proper handling and disposal system for sick, injured
and dead animals, and should be in accordance to existing regulations of the
authority.

e. The farm should have a written sanitation program that includes integrated
pest management, e.g. fl y control, rodent control, etc.

f. The farm operator/owner should take necessary measures to ensure that


activities related to sheep farming do not contribute to the degradation of the
environment (i.e. land, water, air) and cause destruction to bio-diversity.
The end

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