BUTION

ketch the
matics graph of a
quiz.

D
ormal distribution

h the
C CHAPTER 2
B
N
I
A Normal Distribution

ance
n
 It can be spread out 
more on the left Or more on the right

random variable
example
example
discrete

balls from
quiz

Or it can be all
jumbled up
 quiz
example
example
discrete
random variable

balls from
urn
the Normal
Distribution
Properties of
 Properties of Normal Probability Distribution

1. The distribution curve is bell-shaped.

random variable
example
example
discrete

balls from
quiz

2. The curve is symmetrical about its center.

 3. The mean, the median and the mode
coincide at the center.
example
example
discrete

balls from
quiz

4. The width of the curve is determined

by the standard deviation of the
distribution.
 5. The tails of the curve flatten out
indefinitely along the horizontal axis,
always approaching the axis but never
touching it. That is,

variable
example
example

discrete

about
quiz

6. The area under the curve is 1. Thus, it

represents the probability or proportion
or the percentage associated with specific
sets of measurement values.
 Standard Normal Curve

variable
example
example

discrete

about
quiz

A standard normal curve is a normal

probability distribution that has a mean
and a standard deviation
 Standard Normal Curve = is a normal probability
distribution that has a mean (μ)=0 and a standard
deviation (σ)=1

variable
example
example

about
68% of values are within 95% of values are within 
1 standard deviation of the mean 2 standard deviations of the mean

99.7% of values are within 

3 standard deviations of the mean
 THE AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL
CURVE

Z-TABLE - the table of areas under normal curve.

variablr
example
example
discrete

about
quiz

Z-SCORE - is a measure of relative standing.

- represents a given measurement X and mean,
expressed in standard deviations
 quiz
example
example
discrete
variable
about
FOUR-STEP PROCESS in FINDING the AREAS
UNDER NORMAL CURVE GIVEN a z-VALUE

1. Express the given z-value into a three-digit form.

2. Using the z-table, find the first two digit on

variable
example
example
discrete

about
the left column.

quiz
3. Match the third digit with the appropriate
column on the right.

4. Read the area(or probability ) at the

intersection of the row and the column.
EXERCISE 10:
1. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.
Answer:

variable
example
example
discrete

about
 2. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.36.

quiz
Answer:
  3. Find the area that corresponds to z = -2.58
Answer:
 quiz
example
example
discrete
variable
about
 Quiz #04

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word or phrase to

make meaningful statements.

variable
1. The curve of a probability distribution is formed by ______________.
example
example

about
2. The area under a normal curve is _______________.
3. The important values that describe a normal curve are ____________.

4. There are __________ standard deviation units

at the baseline of a normal curve
5. The curve of a normal distribution extends
indefinitely at the tails but does not
 Quiz #04

6. The area under a normal curve may also be expressed in terms of _____ or ___
or ___________.

variable
example
example

about
7. The mean, the median and the mode of a normal curve are ____________.
8. A normal curve is used in ___________.

9. About ____ % of a score distribution is between

z = 0 and z = 1.
10. The skewness of a normal curve is 0 because it is a
________ shape.
 Quiz #04

Find the corresponding area between z = 0

and each of the following:

variable
example
example

a. z = 0.96

about
b. z= 1.74
c. z=2.18
d. z= 2.69
e. z= 3.00
 quiz
example
example
discrete
variable
about
 quiz
example
example
discrete
random variable

balls from
urn
the z-scores
Understanding
 LESSON 2:
CV
UNDERSTANDING THE Z-SCORES

Relate a random variable distribution to

1 a normal variable distribution;
probability understand the concept
example
example
formula

objectives
quiz

LESSON 2 Convert a random variable to a

standard normal variable and vice versa
OBJECTI
VES
3 Solve problems involving random and
normal variables
 Understanding the z-score

z= z=

variablr
example
example
discrete

about
quiz

X = given measurement

S= sample standard deviation

 Example 01

1. Given the mean, and the

standard deviation, of a

variablr
example
example
discrete

about
population of reading scores. Find
quiz

the z-value that corresponds to a

score X = 58.
 quiz
example
example
discrete
variable
about
 Example 02

Imagine a group of 200 applicants who

took a math test. George was among

variablr
example
example
discrete
the test takers and he got 700 points

about
quiz

(X) out of 1000. The average score was

600 and the standard deviation was
150. What is the z value and how well
George performed compared to his
peers.
 quiz
example
example
discrete
variable
about
 Understanding the z-score (RECAP)

z= z=

variablr
example
example
discrete

about
quiz

X = given measurement

S= sample standard deviation

 Score in PE

Locate the z-value that corresponds to a PE score

of 39 given that and

variablr
example
example
discrete

about
quiz

If the section has 60 students, how many of them

got below 39? Above 39?
 Lesson 3 and 4:
Identifying Regions of
Areas Under the
Normal Curve and
random variable

objectives
example
example
discrete
quiz

Determining
Probabilities
 LESSON
CV
3 and 4:
Identifying Regions of Areas Under the Normal Curve and
Determining Probabilities
Determine the areas under the normal
1 curve given z-values and find area
probability between paired z-scores
example
example
formula

objectives
quiz

LESSON 2
Find probabilities for the standard
normal random variable z; and
OBJECTI
VES
Express area under the normal curve
3 using probability notation.
 
 Probability Notations Under the
Normal Curve

probability
objectives
example
example
formula

P(a < z < b) denotes

quiz

the probability that

the z-score is
between a and b
 Probability Notations Under the
Normal Curve

probability
objective
example
example

formula
quiz

P(z > a) denotes the

probability that the z-
score is greater than a
 Probability Notations Under the
Normal Curve

probability
objectives
example
example
formula

P(z < a) denotes the

quiz

probability that the z-

score is less than a
 quiz
example
example

formula
probability
objective
 Example #01

variable
example
example

CASE 1.a Tails – right of a positive z

about
Example. Find the area greater than
z = 1 or P(z > 1)
 Example #02

variable
example
example

CASE 1.b Tails – left of a negative z.

about
Example. Find the area to the left of
z = -1.5 or P(z<-1.5)
 Example #03

variable
CASE 2.a Between two values with the
example
example

about
same sign (positive)
Example. Find the area between
z = 0.98 and z = 2.58.
 Example #04

variable
CASE 2.b. Between two values with the
example
example

about
same sign (negative)
Example. Find the area between
z = -2 and z = -1.5.
 Example #05

variable
example
example

CASE 3. Between z-values of different signs.

about
Example: Find the area between
z = -1.32 and z = 2.37
 Example #06

variable
example
example

about
CASE 4a. Cumulative right of a negative z.
Example. Find the area above z = -1.
 Example #07

variable
example
example

about
CASE 4b. Cumulative left of a positive z.
Example. Find the area below z = 1.5.
 Quiz #04

Determine each of the following areas and show these

graphically.

variable
example
example

about
1.P(Z < 2)
2.P(-1.65 < Z < 1.93)
3.P(0.85 < Z < 2.23)
 quiz
example
example
discrete
random variable

objectives
Locating
Lesson 5:

Under the
Percentiles

Normal Curve
 LESSON 5:
CV
Locating Percentiles Under the Normal Curve

1 Find z-scores when

probability probabilities are given
example
example
formula

objectives
quiz

LESSON
OBJECTI
VES Locate percentiles under the
2
normal curve
 PERCENTILE

probability
objectives
example
example
formula

is a measure of relative
quiz

standing. It is a descriptive
measure of the relationship of a
measurement to the rest of the
data.
 Example #01

variable
example
example

Find the 95th percentile of a normal

about
curve.
 Example #02

variable
example
example

about
Find the upper 10% of the normal curve
 Example #03

The results of a nationwide aptitude

test in mathematics are normally

variable
example
example

about
distributed with m = 80 and s = 15.
What is the percentile rank of a score
of 84?
 Example 4

The mean BMI for men aged 60 is 29

variable
example
example

about
with a standard deviation of 6. What
is the 90th percentile of BMI for men?
 Quiz 5

1. Find the z-score of .

2. Find the lower 82% of the normal

variable
example
example

about
curve.
3. The mean BMI for women aged
60 is 28 with a standard deviation
of 7. What is the 85th percentile of
BMI for men?
 Lesson 6:
Applying the
Normal Curve
random variable

objectives
example
example
discrete
quiz

Concepts in
Problem Solving
 CV
LESSON 6:
Applying the Normal Curve Concepts in Problem Solving

1 Apply the normal curve in

probability solving word problems
example
example
formula

objectives
quiz

LESSON
OBJECTI
VES
2 Develop habits of reasoning using
the normal curve concepts
 Example #01

The results of a nationwide aptitude

test in mathematics are normally

variable
example
example

about
distributed with m = 80 and s = 15. Find
the raw score such that 70% of the
cases are below it.
 Example #02

 
In the same problem, what is the

variable
example
example

about
score that divides the distribution such
that 99% of the cases is below it?
 Example #03

variable
example
example

What are the scores that bound the

about
middle 95% of the distribution?
 Example #04

The weights of 1000 children average

variable
example
example

50kg and the standard deviation is 5kg.

about
How many children weigh between
40kg and 55kg?
 Quiz #06

The weights of 1000 children

average 50kg and the standard

variable
example
example

deviation is 5kg. How many children

about
weigh
a. 40kg and below
b. Between 42kg and 55kg
c. Between 39kg and 58kg