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Lesson 1 (Circles)

This document provides an introduction to conic sections and circles in pre-calculus. It defines conic sections as curves formed by the intersection of a plane and a cone, including circles (plane perpendicular to cone axis), ellipses and parabolas (plane intersecting one nappe), and hyperbolas (plane intersecting both nappes). It then focuses on circles, giving their definition and properties like centers and radii. It provides the standard and general forms of the equation of a circle, and examples of identifying circles from equations and sketching graphs.

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Anna Victoria Madrilejos
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26 views

Lesson 1 (Circles)

This document provides an introduction to conic sections and circles in pre-calculus. It defines conic sections as curves formed by the intersection of a plane and a cone, including circles (plane perpendicular to cone axis), ellipses and parabolas (plane intersecting one nappe), and hyperbolas (plane intersecting both nappes). It then focuses on circles, giving their definition and properties like centers and radii. It provides the standard and general forms of the equation of a circle, and examples of identifying circles from equations and sketching graphs.

Uploaded by

Anna Victoria Madrilejos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRE CALCULUS

LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO CONIC SECTIONS AND CIRCLES


-The conic sections are the nondegenerate curves generated by
the intersections of a plane with one or two nappes of a cone.
• For a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cone, a circle is
produced.

• For a plane that is not perpendicular to the axis and


that intersects only a single nappe, the curve produced is either
an ellipse or a parabola.

• The curve produced by a plane intersecting both nappes is


a hyperbola.
Circles

-Introduction
-Properties
-Graphs
-Examples
Consider the points A.
Definition: Let C be a given point. The set of all points P having the same
distance from C is called a circle. The point C is called the center of the circle, and
the common distance r its radius.
The Standard equation of the circle center C(h,k) and radius r.
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
1. center at the origin, radius 4
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
2. center radius
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
3. Circle in the figure below
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
4. Circle A in the figure below
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
5. Circle B in the figure below
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
6. center (5,-6), tangent to the y-axis
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
7. center (5,-6), tangent to the x-axis
Examples: Give the standard form that can
satisfy the given conditions
8. It has a diameter with endpoints and
General form of the equation of the circle
Consider the standard equation

After expanding we get


General Form:

or

From general form, we can get the equation of the circle by


COMPLETING THE SQUARE on BOTH variables.
Example: Identify the center and radius of the circle with the given
equation in each item. Sketch its graph, and indicate the center.

1.
Example: Identify the center and radius of the circle with the given
equation in each item. Sketch its graph, and indicate the center.

2.
Example: Identify the center and radius of the circle with the given
equation in each item. Sketch its graph, and indicate the center.

2.
Example: A street with two lanes, each 10 ft wide, goes through a
semicircular tunnel with radius 12 ft. How high is the tunnel at the edge
of each lane? Round off to 2 decimal places.
Example: A circular play area with radius 3 m is to be partitioned into
two sections using a straight fence as shown in Figure below. How long
should the fence be?
Exercises
Exercises
Thank You

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