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Final Smart Traffic Management System PPT Using Dip

This document describes a proposed smart traffic management system using digital image processing. It discusses the problems caused by heavy traffic congestion and outlines some existing solutions. The proposed system would use cameras and image processing techniques like edge detection to analyze traffic density in real-time and adjust traffic light timing automatically. This could help reduce traffic jams and save people time otherwise spent waiting in congestion. The document provides details on how digital image processing, edge detection algorithms like Canny edge detection, and a smart traffic control system could help solve traffic problems.

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Saloni Singh
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3K views

Final Smart Traffic Management System PPT Using Dip

This document describes a proposed smart traffic management system using digital image processing. It discusses the problems caused by heavy traffic congestion and outlines some existing solutions. The proposed system would use cameras and image processing techniques like edge detection to analyze traffic density in real-time and adjust traffic light timing automatically. This could help reduce traffic jams and save people time otherwise spent waiting in congestion. The document provides details on how digital image processing, edge detection algorithms like Canny edge detection, and a smart traffic control system could help solve traffic problems.

Uploaded by

Saloni Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SMART TRAFFIC

MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM USING DIP
TEAM MEMBERS

NIDHI CHUGH
PRAGYA SHUKLA
SALONI SINGH
UTKARSH MISHRA
WHY SMART TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM???
HEAVY TRAFFIC JAMS
With increasing number of vehicles on road, heavy
traffic congestion has substantially increased in major
cities.
This happened usually at the main junctions
commonly in the morning, before office hour and in
the evening, after office hours. The main effect of this
matter is increased time wasting of the people on the
road.
REASONS FOR CONGESTION
PROBLEMS CAUSED DUE TO
CONGESTION
NO TRAFFIC, BUT STILL NEED TO
WAIT
At certain junctions, sometimes even if there is no
traffic, people have to wait.
 Because the traffic light remains red for the preset
time period, the road users should wait until the light
turn to green.
SOLUTIONS
1. Urban tram system

2. Traffic lanes for


multiple car occupancy

3. Integrated public
transport system

And many more …


BUT STILL THESE SOLUTIONS ARE
NOT THE “REAL SOLUTION”
HENCE THERE IS A NEED OF A TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM THAT COULD
SOLVE TRAFFIC PROBLEMS.

SMART TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


IS A PROJECT THAT DEALS WITH ALL THESE
PROBLEMS TO A LARGER EXTENT.
INTRODUCTION
One of the major problems of modern India is Road
Traffic.
This is due to the enormous addition of vehicles
every day. There are around 50-55 thousand new
vehicles registered in India every day, but the number
of vehicles removed off the road are very less. This
has led to the explosion of traffic on roads, resulting
in road rage, higher number of accidents, deaths and
increase in commuting time over the years.
INTRODUCTION
Since the number of vehicles is increasing day by
day, traffic jams are becoming a common scenario in
large cities . These frequent traffic jams at major
junctions kill a lot of man hours.
Thus it creates a need for an efficient traffic
management system.
This project proposes to implement a smart traffic
control system which is based on the measurement of
traffic density using real time video processing
technique and digital image processing(DIP).
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
 Image processing is any form of signal processing
for which the input is an image, such as photographs
or frames of video; the output of image processing can
be either an image or a set of characteristics or
parameters related to the image.
 Image processing usually refers to digital image
processing, but optical and analog image processing
are also possible.
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
 Image processing is a method to convert an image into
digital form and perform some operations on it, in order
to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful
information from it.
It is a type of signal dispensation in which input is
image, like video frame or photograph and output may
be image or characteristics associated with that image.
 It is a type of signal dispensation in which input is
image, like video frame or photograph and output may
be image or characteristics associated with that image.
STEPS OF IMAGE
PROCESSING
1. Image Acquisition.
2. RGB to Gray scale transformation.
3. Image Enhancement.
4. Image matching using edge
detection.
REFERENCE IMAGE CAPTURED IMAGE

RGB TO GRAY RGB TO GRAY


CONVERSION CONVERSION

IMAGE RESIZING IMAGE RESIZING

IMAGE ENHANCEMENT IMAGE ENHANCEMENT

EDGE DETECTION EDGE DETECTION

IMAGE MATCHING

TIMING ALLOCATION
IMAGE ACQUISITION
Initially image acquisition is done with the help of
web camera.
First image of the road is captured, when there is no
traffic on the road.
 This empty road’s image is saved as reference image
at a particular location specified in the program.
 RGB to gray conversion is done on the reference
image .
Now gamma correction is done on the reference gray
image to achieve image enhancement .
Edge detection of this reference image is done
thereafter with the help of Prewitt edge detection
operator.
RGB TO GRAY SCALE
TRANSFORMATION
Images of the road are captured.
RGB to gray conversion is done on the sequence of
captured images.
 Now gamma correction is done on each of the
captured gray image to achieve image enhancement .
Edge detection of these real time images of the road
is now done with the help of prewitt edge detection
operator.
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT
After edge detection procedure both reference and
real time images are matched and traffic lights can be
controlled based on percentage of matching.
If the matching is between 0 to 10% - green light is
on for 90 seconds.
If the matching is between 10 to50% - green light is
on for 60 seconds.
If the matching is between 50 to 70% - green light is
on for 30seconds.
If the matching is between 70 to 90% - green light is
on for 20 seconds. If the matching is between 90 to
100% - red light is on for 60 seconds
EDGE DETECTION
EDGE DETECTION
Most of the information about the shape of an image
are located in edges. The other benefits of edge
detection is not taking more space in computer
memory. This technique reduces the image size and
filters out important information.
We have chosen the canny edge detection technique
for its many advantages.
EDGE DETECTION
The general criteria for edge detection include:
1. Detection of edge with low error rate, which means
that the detection should accurately catch as many
edges shown in the image as possible.
2. The edge point detected from the operator should
accurately localize on the center of the edge.
3. A given edge in the image should only be marked
once, and where possible, image noise should not
create false edges
1. SMOOTHING
This step contains filtering the image to reduce
the noise and the performance of the edge
detector will rise.
2. ENHANCEMENT
This step is related with the digital image quality
rising. Filter is used to improve the image edges
quality.
3. DETECTION
In this step, all the edge points will be extracted and then
the edge pixels that have been determined as noise will be
discarded.
4. LOCALIZATION
Confirming the location of an edge is done in this step.
SUMMARY OF EDGE DETECTION
WHY CANNY EDGE
DETECTION
ALGORITHM???
ADVANTAGES OF CANNY EDGE
DETECTION ALGORITHM
Better detection of edges especially in noisy state.
The presence of Gaussian Filter allows removing of
noise in any image.
It gives a good localization, response and is immune
to a noisy environment.
The effectiveness can be adjusted by using various
parameters. Small filters are desirable for detection of
small, sharp lines, since it causes fewer instances of
blurring.
COMPARISON OF ALL ALGORITHMS

Following edge detection algorithms are compared:


 Sobel edge detector
 Prewitt edge detector
 Laplacian edge detector
 Canny edge detector
1. SOBEL EDGE DETECTOR
 It is based on convolving the image with a small,
separable, and integer valued filter in horizontal and
vertical direction and is therefore relatively
inexpensive in terms of computations.

 The disadvantage of this algorithm is that it is


sensitive to noise when compared with canny edge
detection algorithm.
1. SOBEL EDGE DETECTOR
2. PREWITT EDGE DETECTOR
 Prewitt operator is similar to the Sobel operator and
is used for detecting vertical and horizontal edges in
images. However, unlike the Sobel, this operator
does not place any emphasis on the pixels that are
closer to the center of the mask.

 When compared to canny edge detector ,prewitt edge


detetctor has poor accuracy.
2. PREWITT EDGE DETECTOR
3. LAPLACIAN OPERATOR
 Laplacian is somewhat different from the
methods we have discussed so far. Unlike the
Sobel and Prewitt’s edge detectors, the Laplacian

edge detector uses only one kernel. It calculates


second order derivatives in a single pass.
 To correct this, the image is often Gaussian
smoothed before applying the Laplacian filter.
3. LAPLACIAN OPERATOR
4. CANNY EDGE DETECTION
ALGORITHM
 Canny edge detector is probably the most commonly
used and most effective method.
ADVANTAGES OF
SMART TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
TRAFFIC CONTROL
Existing centralised traffic control system go
someway towards alleviating traffic congestion and
ensuring the smooth flow of vehicles through a road
network.
Intelligent transportation systems, however, allow
traffic lights to respond to changing pattern
themselves.
TIME SAVING
At certain junctions, sometimes even if there is no
traffic, people have to wait. Because the traffic light
remains red for the preset time period, the road users
should wait until the light turn to green.
In smart traffic management system, if there is no
vehicle present on a particular lane, then we can
bypass through that lane, thereby saving our time.
DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT
OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION
In addition to the earlier method of traffic congestion
detection, a server can be maintained which can
receive certain crucial data such as the density of
vehicles present on a particular lane.
The main aim is to implement a system that would
trace the travel time of individual cars as they pass
and if congestion is sensed then system would control
traffic signals and generate automatic re-routing of
vehicles.
FUTURE SCENARIO

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