Scribd
Upload
32 views

Eng 3A - Chapter 7

This document discusses selecting topics and analyzing audiences for speeches. It covers identifying the purpose of a speech as either to inform or persuade, and choosing a narrow topic. It also describes demographic and situational audience analysis methods. Additionally, the document outlines ways to gather materials through self-reflection, interviews, and research. It provides guidance on structuring a speech through introduction, body, and conclusion sections, as well as patterns of organization like chronological, spatial, causal, problem-solution, and topical orders. Finally, it offers tips for beginning and ending a presentation through techniques such as asking questions, using anecdotes, facts, or humor.

Uploaded by

Cyrus De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

Eng 3A - Chapter 7

This document discusses selecting topics and analyzing audiences for speeches. It covers identifying the purpose of a speech as either to inform or persuade, and choosing a narrow topic. It also describes demographic and situational audience analysis methods. Additionally, the document outlines ways to gather materials through self-reflection, interviews, and research. It provides guidance on structuring a speech through introduction, body, and conclusion sections, as well as patterns of organization like chronological, spatial, causal, problem-solution, and topical orders. Finally, it offers tips for beginning and ending a presentation through techniques such as asking questions, using anecdotes, facts, or humor.

Uploaded by

Cyrus De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

COMMUNICATION FOR

VARIOUS PURPOSES
CHAPTER 7
STEPS TO
FOLLOW SELECTING
A TOPIC ANALYZING
GATHERING
MATERIALS
IN AND
YOUR
AUDIENCE
NEEDED TO
PREPARE
PURPOSE THE SPEECH
SPEECH
MAKING
SELECTING A TOPIC AND
IDENTIFYING YOUR
PURPOSE
SELECTING A TOPIC AND IDENTIFYING YOUR
PURPOSE

 TWO GENERAL REASONS OR PURPOSE OF


DELIVERING A SPEECH:
• to inform

• to persuade

 Choosing a topic can make or break your talk


 Should be narrow
 Rule in topic selection: “write more about less”
GENERAL PRINCIPLE IN WRITING PURPOSE
STATEMENT (LUCAS 1989):

• Write the purpose statement as a full infinitive phrase or as a


fragment
• Express your purpose as a statement, not as a question.

• Avoid figurative language in your purpose statement

• Limit your purpose statement to one distinct idea

• Make sure your specific purpose is not too vague or general


ANALYZING YOUR AUDIENCE
TWO METHODS OF ANALYSIS (LUCAS 1989)

DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATIONAL
ANALYSIS AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
A speaker needs to:  Traits of audience
 Identify audiences’ e.g. size of the audience,
demographics attitudes influenced by physical
e.g. sex/gender, age, setting, disposition of audience
religions, race, etc. toward the subject, speaker, occasion
 assess the significance of  Need to consider:
demographics to your  Listener’s interest
speaking situation  Knowledge about your topic
 Attitude towards topic
GATHERING THE MATERIALS
FOR YOUR SPEECH
THREE WAYS TO GATHER MATERIALS FOR YOUR
SPEECH

SELF REFLECTION

INTERVIEW

LIBRARY AND COMPUTER AIDED


RESEARCH
SELF - REFLECTION

Your
knowledge and
experiences are
major sources
of materials.
INTERVIEW

Two people
sharing their
views, hence,
“inter” and
“viewing”.
INTERVIEW

In conducting interview
you should (Carole Rich,
2010):
 Concentrate on what
interviewee is saying
 Listen attentively
 Think critically
 Stay quiet
 Maintain eye contact
 Listen to visual signals
 Be polite
 Be curious
LIBRARY AND COMPUTER-AIDED RESEARCH

Library houses
almost
everything you
need as a
speaker
PUTTING YOUR SPEECH
TOGETHER
• Follow the basic structure:
 The INTRODUCTION
 The BODY
 The CONCLUSION
• Your speech must be organized to be readable and
easily understood.
• MAIN POINTS – the central features of your speech
PATTERNS OF
ORGANIZATION
THREE WAYS TO GATHER MATERIALS FOR YOUR
SPEECH

CHRONOLOGICAL Follows a time pattern; explaining process or showing


ORDER how to do something

SPATIAL ORDER Explaining how you can get from point A to point B

Organizes main points so as to show cause and


CAUSAL ORDER
effect relationships
PROBLEM- Arranging speeches by identifying a problem first
SOLUTION ORDER and then proposing a solution
Dividing the topic into subtopics and each will be
TOPICAL ORDER
the main point in the speech
HOW TO PRESENT YOUR
SPEECH
BEGIN YOUR PRESENTATION
WITH:
Ask the audience rhetorical question without
necessarily requiring for a response

Begin with an anecdote

Use a quotation to start up your talk

Include startling facts in your opening

Tell the significance of the occasion

Inject humor
Review

PARTS OF
CONCLUSION Closing
Statement
CLOSE YOUR PRESENTATION
WITH:
Go back to the theme where you started

Ask for a desired result

End with a challenge


THANK YOU!
Any question?

You might also like