List

A list represents a group of elements.

Lists are very similar to array but there is major difference, an array can store only one
type of elements whereas a list can store different type of elements.
Lists are mutable so we can modify it’s element.
A list can store different types of elements which can be modified.
Lists are dynamic which means size is not fixed.
Lists are represented using square bracket [ ].
Ex:- a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]
Ex:- a = [10, 20, 50]
 Creating a List
A list is similar to an array that consists of a group of elements or items.
Syntax:- list_name = [element1, element2, …..]
Ex:- a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]
 Creating an Empty List
Syntax:- list_name = [ ]
Ex:- a = [ ]
 Index
An index represents the position number of an list’s element. The index start
from 0 on wards and written inside square braces.
Ex:- a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]

[0] 10 [-5] 10
[1] 20 [-4] 20
a [2] -50 a [-3] -50
[3] 21.3 [-2] 21.3
[4] Geekyshows [-1] Geekyshows
 Accessing List’s Element
a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]

print(a[0])
print(a[1]) 10 20 -50 21.3 Geekyshows
a[0] a[1] a[2] a[3] a[4]
print(a[2])

print(a[3])
print(a[4])
 Modifying or Updating Element
Lists are mutable so we can modify it’s element.
a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]
a[1] = 40
10 20
40 -50 21.3 Geekyshows
a[0] a[1] a[2] a[3] a[4]
 Accessing using for loop
a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]

Without index
for element in a:
print(element)

With index
n = len(a)
for i in range(n):
print(a[i])
 Accessing using while loop
a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]

n = len(a)
i=0
while i < n :
print(a[i])
i+=1
 Deletion
del statement is used to delete an element of list or we can delete entire list
using del statement.
a = [10, 20, -50, 21.3, ‘Geekyshows’]

Deleting Element
del a[2]

Deleting Entire List

del a
 append ( )
This method is used to add an element at the end of the existing list.
Syntax:-
list_name.append(new_element)
 Getting User input
a = []

n = int(input("Enter Number of Elements: "))

for i in range(n):
a.append(int(input("Enter Element:")))

print("List:")
for element in a:
print (element)
 insert( )
This method is used to insert an element in a particular position of the existing
list.
Syntax:-
list_name.insert(position_number, new_element)
 pop ( )
This method is used to remove last element from the existing list.
Syntax:-
list_name.pop( )
 pop (n)
This method is used to remove an element specified by position number, from
the existing list and returns removed element.
Syntax:-
list_name.pop(position_number)
 remove( )
This method is used to remove first occurrence of given element from the
existing list. If it doesn’t found the element, shows valueError.
Syntax:-
list_name.remove(element)
 index( )
This method returns position number of first occurrence of given element in
the list. If it doesn’t found the element, shows valueError.
Syntax:-
list_name.index(element)
 reverse ( )
This method is used to reverse the order of elements in the list.
Syntax:-
list_name.reverse( )
 extend( )
This method is used to append another list or iterable object at the end of the
list.
Syntax:-
list_name.extend(lst)
 count( )
This method returns number of occurrence of a specified element in the list.
Syntax:-
list_name.count(specified_element)
 sort( )
This method is used to sort the elements of the list into ascending order.
Syntax:-
list_name.sort()
 clear( )
This method is used to delete all the elements from the list
Syntax:-
list_name.clear()
 Slicing on List
Slicing on list can be used to retrieve a piece of the list that contains a group
of elements. Slicing is useful to retrieve a range of elements.
Syntax:-
new_list_name = list_name[start:stop:stepsize]
 List Concatenation
+ operator is used to do concatenation the list.
Ex:-
a = [10, 20, 30]
b = [1, 2, 3]
result = a + b
print(result)
 Repetition of List
* Operator is used to repeat the elements of list.
Ex:-
b = [1, 2, 3]
result = b * 3
print(result)
 Aliasing List
Aliasing means giving another name to the existing object. It doesn’t mean
copying. a
a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
b=a 10 20 30 40 50
Modification in a will [0] [1] [2] [3] [4]
affect b and vice versa.
b

10 20 30 40 50
 Copying List
copy( ) method is used to copy all the elements of a list to another list.
When we copy a list a separate copy of all the elements is stored in another
list. Both the list are independent. a
a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
b = a.copy() 10 20 30 40 50
[0] [1] [2] [3] [4]
Modification in a will not
affect b and vice versa. b

10 20 30 40 50
[0] [1] [2] [3] [4]
 Cloning List
We can clone a list into another list using slicing.
When we clone a list a separate copy of all the elements is stored in another
list. Both the list are independent.
a
a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
b = a[:]
10 20 30 40 50
[0] [1] [2] [3] [4]
Modification in a will not
affect b and vice versa. b

10 20 30 40 50
[0] [1] [2] [3] [4]