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 What is scaffolding?

A temporary structure supporting a

 Mechanized
 Non mechanized
Parts of a scaffold
1. Putlog 5. Diagonal Bracing
2. Standards 6. Baseplate
3. Platform 7. Soleboard
4. Cross bracing 8. Guardrail
Types
1. Independent scaffold
 Consist of 2 or more rows of standards connected
longitudinally and transversely
2. Single pole scaffold
 Consist of a single row of standards connected by ledgers.
Putlogs are fixed to ledgers and built to the wall of the building
3. Suspended (swingstage) scaffold
 Incorporates a suspended platform that can be raised or
lowered
4. Special scaffold
5. Scaffolding for demolition work
 Heavy duty scaffolding used to contain dislodged materials
and provide a safe platform and edge protection for workers
Independent Scaffold
1. Birdcage scaffold
 consists of more than two rows of standards in both
directions and is connected by ledgers and transoms,
used for work that is to be carried out on a single level,
such as ceilings
2. Tower scaffold
 consists of four vertical members connected
longitudinally and transversely
3. Mobile scaffold
 freestanding and mounted on castors
4. Hung scaffold
 hangs from another structure, but is not capable
of being raised or lowered when in use.
Suspended Scaffold

Parts
 Counterweight
 Traversing track
 Through bolted stop
 Trolley
 Suspension rope
 Scaffolding hoist
 Cradle
 Tie
Special Scaffold

1. Cantilever scaffold
 supported by cantilevered load-bearing members
2. Hanging bracket scaffold
 include horizontal members that are supported by floors
of buildings or other structures
3. Spur scaffold
 Projects outward at an angle from the supporting
structure
General design
 Principles of design
 Strength, stability and rigidity of supporting structure
 Use and application of the scaffold
 Safety of persons using the scaffold
 Safety of persons in the vicinity of the scaffold
 Supporting structure
 Should bear the most adverse combination of loads on verandas, suspended flooring
systems, compacted soil, parapet and awnings.
 Propping is used when the supporting structure is not capable of bearing the most adverse
combination of loads.
 Soleboards and baseplates
 evenly distributes the load from the scaffold to the
supporting surface and on less stable surfaces, such
as soil, gravel, fill or other product which creates a
system of beams and flat slabs
 Stability is achieved by
 tying the scaffold to a supporting structure
 guying to a supporting structure
 increasing the dead load by attaching
counterweights near the base
 adding bays to increase the base dimension
  Foundations
 Ground conditions
 Water and nearby excavations should be diverted away from scaffold
 Loadings
 Requirements for working platforms:
Design total load (kg per Design concentrated Min.
platform per bay) load (part of total width
  load applied in the platform
most adverse position mm
w/in the bay) (kg)
Light duty 125 (1.2kN) 100 (1kN) 225
< 3 meters during housing construction work
< 2 meters during other construction work
painting, cleaning or fascia and gutter installation
Light duty 225 (2.2kN) 100 (1kN) 450
≥ 3 meters during housing construction work
≥ 2 meters during other construction work
Medium duty 450 (4.4kN) 150 (1.5kN) 900
finishing trades - light materials are stacked on the
platform.
Heavy duty 675 (6.6kN) 200 (2kN) 1000
bricklaying and demolition work
Scaffold planks Fall Arresting Platform
 Slip resistant surface
 If the slope of the surface where work is done is:
 Not be cracked or split
 not over 26°- then install the platform no more
 Uniform thickness than 1 meter lower than the surface; or
 Captive and fixed to prevent uplift or
 over 26°- then install the platform no more than
displacement 300 mm lower than the surface.
 Maximum allowable plank gap 25mm  The fall arresting platform must:
 be unobstructed and at least 675 mm wide for
the length of the platform;
 be able to withstand the impact of a fall onto it;
and
 have edge protection erected:
i. along the outer edge of the length of the
platform; and
ii. along the edges of each end of the fall
arresting platform.
 If the internal gap (platform and the face of the building
beside the platform) exceeds 225 mm, then implement a
control measure to control the risk of a fall.

Perimeter protection
 Used to protect persons from falling objects during
construction work, it would be made of mesh of timber,
plywood or metal sheeting with a mesh gauge of 2.5mm
 System Scaffold

Tube and Coupler Scaffold