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Week 11 Regression Analysis

This document discusses regression analysis techniques. It provides information on correlation, linear regression, and calculating a regression equation. It gives examples of using regression to predict an outcome variable like test scores from studying hours. The key points are: - Regression predicts an outcome variable (y) using another variable (x) - It calculates the best fit line that minimizes residuals - The regression equation takes the form of y= a + bx - An example calculates the regression equation to predict blood pressure from age

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Alliana Denice Vicencio

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

48 views

Week 11 Regression Analysis

Uploaded by

Alliana Denice Vicencio

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Our lady of Fatima university

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Pampanga Campus

REGRESSION
ANALYSES
Regression Analyses
Regression: technique
concerned with predicting
some variables by knowing
others

The process of predicting

variable Y using variable X
Regression
 Uses a variable (x) to predict
some outcome variable (y)
 Tells you how values in y change
as a function of changes in values
of x
Correlation and Regression
 Correlation describes the strength of a
linear relationship between two
variables
 Linear means “straight line”

 Regression tells us how to draw the

straight line described by the
correlation
Regression
 Calculates the “best-fit” line for a certain set of data
The regression line makes the sum of the squares of
the residuals smaller than for any other line
Regression minimizes residuals

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80
Wt (kg)
60 70 80 90 100 110 120
By using the least squares method (a procedure
that minimizes the vertical deviations of plotted
points surrounding a straight line) we are
able to construct a best fitting straight line to the
scatter diagram points and then formulate a
regression equation in the form of:

ŷ  a  bX  x y
 xy  n
bb1 
(  x) 2
 x 2

n

and

ŷ  y  b(x  x) are the mean of the
data x and y respectively
Regression Equation

Regression equation describes the

regression line mathematically
 Intercept and Slope
SBP(mmHg)
220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80
Wt (kg)
60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Linear Equations

ŷ  a  bX
Y
Y = bX + a
C hange
b = S lo p e in Y
C h a n g e in X
a = Y -in te r c e p t
X
Hours studying and grades
Regressing grades on hours


Linear Regression



90.00 Final grade in course = 59.95 + 3.17 * study
R-Square = 0.88




80.00  

 
70.00

2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00

Number of hours spent studying

Predicted final grade in class =

59.95 + 3.17*(number of hours you study per week)
Predicted final grade in class = 59.95 +
3.17*(hours of study)
Predict the final grade of…
 Someone who studies for 12 hours
 Final grade = 59.95 + (3.17*12)
 Final grade = 97.99

 Someone who studies for 1 hour:

 Final grade = 59.95 + (3.17*1)
 Final grade = 63.12
Exercise

A sample of 6 persons was selected the

value of their age ( x variable) and their
weight is demonstrated in the following
table. Find the regression equation and
what is the predicted weight when age is
8.5 years.
Weight (y) Age (x) .Serial no
12 7 1
8 6 2
12 8 3
10 5 4
11 6 5
13 9 6
Answer
Y2 X2 xy Weight (y) Age (x) .Serial no
144 49 84 12 7 1
64 36 48 8 6 2
144 64 96 12 8 3
100 25 50 10 5 4
121 36 66 11 6 5
169 81 117 13 9 6

742 291 461 66 41 Total

41 66
x  6.83 y  11
6 6

41  66
461 
b 6  0.92
2
(41)
291 
6

Regression equation

ŷ (x)  11  0.9(x  6.83)

ŷ (x)  4.675  0.92x

ŷ (8.5)  4.675  0.92 * 8.5  12.50Kg

ŷ (7.5)  4.675  0.92 * 7.5  11.58Kg

12.6
12.4
Weight (in Kg) 12.2
12
11.8
11.6
11.4
7 7.5 8 8.5 9
Age (in years)

we create a regression line by plotting two

estimated values for y against their X component,
then extending the line right and left.
Exercise 2
B.P Age B.P Age
(y) (x) (y) (x)
128 46 120 20
The following are the 136 53 128 43
age (in years) and
systolic blood 146 60 141 63
pressure of 20 124 20 126 26
apparently healthy 143 63 134 53
adults. 130 43 128 31
124 26 136 58
121 19 132 46
126 31 140 58
123 23 144 70
Find the correlation between age
and blood pressure using simple
and Spearman's correlation
coefficients, and comment.
Find the regression equation?
What is the predicted blood
pressure for a man aging 25 years?
x2 xy y x Serial
400 2400 120 20 1
1849 5504 128 43 2
3969 8883 141 63 3
676 3276 126 26 4
2809 7102 134 53 5
961 3968 128 31 6
3364 7888 136 58 7
2116 6072 132 46 8
3364 8120 140 58 9
4900 10080 144 70 10
x2 xy y x Serial
2116 5888 128 46 11
2809 7208 136 53 12
3600 8760 146 60 13
400 2480 124 20 14
3969 9009 143 63 15
1849 5590 130 43 16
676 3224 124 26 17
361 2299 121 19 18
961 3906 126 31 19
529 2829 123 23 20
41678 114486 2630 852 Total
 x y
 xy 
n 114486 
852  2630
b1  = 20  0.4547
(  x) 2
852 2

x  n
2 41678 
20

ŷ =112.13 + 0.4547 x

for age 25
B.P = 112.13 + 0.4547 * 25=123.49 = 123.5 mm hg