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Language, Dialect and Varieties

This document discusses language, dialects, and varieties. It defines language as a system of communication using conventional sound patterns and meanings agreed upon by users. Dialects are varieties of a language that differ in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation used by a particular group. Varieties refer to different forms of a language influenced by social factors like region, occupation, age, education, and ethnicity. No two speakers use language in exactly the same way and an individual's usage may also differ depending on the social situation.

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Mia Chintia
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
73 views

Language, Dialect and Varieties

This document discusses language, dialects, and varieties. It defines language as a system of communication using conventional sound patterns and meanings agreed upon by users. Dialects are varieties of a language that differ in vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation used by a particular group. Varieties refer to different forms of a language influenced by social factors like region, occupation, age, education, and ethnicity. No two speakers use language in exactly the same way and an individual's usage may also differ depending on the social situation.

Uploaded by

Mia Chintia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LANGUAGE

DIALECT
VARIETIES
group 2
MEMBERS:
✘ Mira Putri Utami
(205180044)
✘ Halimah Nurul Azizah
(205180051)
✘ Dhea Ananda
(205180066)
✘ Mia
(205180064)
2
1.
LANGUAGE
+ =
LANGUAGE DIALECT
VARIETIES
“LANGUAGE
✘
DEFINITION”
Bollinger (1968) defined language as a system of vocal-auditory
communication using conventional signs composed of arbitrary
patterned sound units and assembled according to set when
interacting with the experiences of its’ users.
✘ Language is said to come into being when two or more persons have
learnt to attach the same values or experience to the same sound
combinations.
 

4
“FORM OF LANGUGE”

✘ Spoken Word
✘ Written Word
✘ Drawing and Painting
✘ gestures

5
Socio-cultural significance of language

✘ Communication
✘ Socialitation
✘ Cultural Accumulation
✘ Education
✘ cooperation

6
2.
dialect
=
deviation
“dialect DEFINITION”
✘ Dialect is a variety of a particular language which is spoken by a group of
speakers that is signaled by systematic markers such as syntactical, phonological,
grammatical markers.

✘ Standard language is the only kind of variety which can be called a proper
language.

✘ In multilingual society, the use of standard language is very often deviate from its
origin. This deviation from the standard use is normally called a dialect of the
same language.

8
“FORM OF dialect”

✘ Regional Dialect

✘ Social Dialect

9
“Regional dialect”
Very distinctive local varieties Regional dialect

 It is reflected in the differences in pronunciation, in the choice and forms of


words, and in syntax.

 There is a dialect continuum.

 Various pressures – political, social, cultural, and educational – serve to harden


current national boundaries an to make the linguistics differences among states.

 Dialect geography term used to describe attempts made to map the


distributions of various linguistic features.

10
“social dialect”

✘ Factors such as occupation, place of residence, education, income, racial or ethnic


origin, cultural background, caste, religion related to the way people speak.

✘ Social dialect originate from social groups and depend on a variety of factors; social
class, religion, and ethnicity.

11
“Accent”
✘ Dialect must not be confused with ‘accent’. Standard English is spoken in a variety in a variety of
accent.RP(Received Pronunciation) is the English absent that has achieved certain eminence.
✗ Associated with a higher social or educational background
✗ Most commonly taught to student EFL(English as a foreign language)
✗ Other names for this accents : the queen’s English, Oxford English, BBC English.

✘-

12
“Social Dialect: examples”

✘ Caste in India often determines which variety of a language a speaker use.


✘ Christian, Muslim and Jewish in Baghdad speak different variety of Arabic.
✘ Ethnic group in America, e.g. Labov’s work in NY.
✘ Speakers of Jewish and Italian ethnicity differentiated from the standard variety
or Black English.

13
“Social Dialect: examples”
✘ Wardhaugh (1986:22) that variety is defined in terms of a specific set of
linguistic items or human speech patterns (presumably, sounds, words,
grammatical features) which we can uniquely associate with some external
factors (presumably, a geographical area or a social group).
✘ Hudson (1980:24)
A set of linguistic items with similar distribution.

14
“Social Dialect: examples”
✘ Social Situation
✘ Occupation
✘ Age
✘ Geography
✘ Education
✘ Gender
✘ Social Status/Class
✘ Ethnicity

15
3.
varieties
“language variation”

✘ No two speakers of a language speak exactly the same way.

✘ No individual speaker speaks the same way all the time

17
“Language Varieties”

✘ Language variety refers to the various forms of language triggered by social


factors.

✘ Language may changes from region to region, from individual to another, from
situation to situation. This actual changes result in the varieties of language.

18
THANKS!
Any questions?

19

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