Scribd
Upload
55 views

How Society Is Organized: Lesson 7-Ucsp

This document discusses different types of social groups and kinship systems. It describes primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups. Regarding kinship, it outlines unilineal descent systems including patrilineal and matrilineal descent. It also discusses kinship by marriage, defining monogamy and polygamy as well as residence patterns like patrilocal and matrilocal. The document concludes by defining nuclear and extended families.

Uploaded by

lycamae guinto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
55 views

How Society Is Organized: Lesson 7-Ucsp

This document discusses different types of social groups and kinship systems. It describes primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups, and reference groups. Regarding kinship, it outlines unilineal descent systems including patrilineal and matrilineal descent. It also discusses kinship by marriage, defining monogamy and polygamy as well as residence patterns like patrilocal and matrilocal. The document concludes by defining nuclear and extended families.

Uploaded by

lycamae guinto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

LESSON 7- UCSP

How Society is
Organized
Groups within
Society
You share certain similarities with
your classmates. Just like individual
members of society have
commonalities with others. These
similarities could be the initial basis
for individuals to be drawn together
and interact more closely.
SOCIAL GROUP

a collection of individuals
who have relations with
one another that make
them interdependent to
some significant degree.
INTERDEPENDENCE

a necessary condition that exists within


social groups because it is what enables
its members to pursue shared goals or to
promote common values and principles.
AGGREGATE

• It is contrast to interdependence,
a collection of people within a particular
place and time.
• It doesn’t necessarily influence our social
actions as there might be no direct interaction
and with people composing it.
PRIMARY GROUP
It is a small, intimate, and less specialized
group whose members engage to face-to-
face, having a strong sense of
belongingness or emotion-based interaction
over an extended period of time.
it is primary source of
EMOTIONAL, SOCIAL, AND
FINANCIAL HELP.
SECONDARY GROUP
In contrast, are larger less intimate, and
more specialized groups where members
engaged in an impersonal and objective-
oriented relationship for a limited time.
- The level of interaction and
interdependence is not deep and
significance.
IN-GROUPS AND
OUT-GROUPS

Self-categorization theory
A theory which proposed that people’s appreciation
of their group membership is influence by their
perception towards people who are not members of
their groups.
IN-GROUPS

a group to which one belongs and with which


one feels sense of identity, belongingness,
solidarity, camaraderie, esprit de corps, and a
protective attitude toward the other members.
It also refers to the pronouns of “we” or “us”
- “We are in”
OUT-GROUPS

a group to which one does not


belong and to which he or she may
feel a sense of competitiveness or
hostility.
REFERENCE GROUPS

• group to which an individual compares


himself / herself.
• serves as a point of comparison (or reference)
for an individual in the formation of either
general or specific values, attitudes, or
behavior.
NETWORKS

Refers to the structure of


relationships between social actors
or groups. These are
interconnections, ties, and linkages
between people, their groups and
the larger social institutions to
which they belong to.
Kinship,
Marriage, and
the Household
KINSHIP
The bond of blood or marriage which binds people
together in group.
´According to the Dictionary of Anthropology, kinship
system includes socially recognized relationships based on
supposed as well as actual genealogical ties. These
relationships are the resultof social interaction and
recognized by society.
TYPES OF KINSHIP

AFFINAL KINSHIP
Relationships based upon marriage or
cohabitation between collaterals (people treated
as the same generation)

CONSANGUINEOUS KINSHIP

Connections between people that are


traced by blood
KINSHIP BY BLOOD

Descent Systems
Kinship is reckoned in a number of different ways around the world,
resulting in a variety of types of descent patterns and kin groups.
In kinship diagrams, one individual is usually labeled as ego.
This is the person to whom all kinshiprelationships are referred.
In the case below on the right, ego has a brother (Br), sister (Si),
father (Fa), and mother (Mo). Note also that ego is shown as
being gender nonspecific--that is, either male orfemale.
KINSHIP BY BLOOD

Unilineal Descent
This traces descent only through a single line of ancestors, male or
female. Both males and females are members of a unilineal family, but
descent links are only recognized through relatives of onegender. The
two basic forms of unilineal descent are referred to as patrilineal and
matrilineal.
KINSHIP BY BLOOD

Patrilineal Descent
´ Both males and females belong to their father's kin group but
not their mother's.
KINSHIP BY BLOOD

Matrilineal Descent
The form of unilineal descent that follows a female line. When
using this pattern, individuals are relatives if they can trace descent
through females to the same female ancestor.
KINSHIP
KINSHIPBY
BYBLOOD
BLOOD

Bilineal Descent

When both patrilineal


and matrilineal descent
principles are combined
KINSHIP BY MARRIAGE
• Marriage is an institution that admits men
and women to family life.
• Edward Westermarck defined marriage as
the more or less durable connection
between male and female lasting beyond
the mere act of propagation till after the
birth of offspring.
MONOGAMY
is the practice of having only one spouse at one time. In some
cases, monogamy means having only one spouse for an entire
life span.
a. Social Monogamy

b. Sexual Monogamy

c. Genetic Monogamy

d. Marital Monogamy

e. Serial Monogamy
POLYGAMY
a marriage pattern in which an individual is married to more
than one person at a time.

a. Polygyny
one man having more than one wife or sexual
partner at a time.

b. Polyandry
one woman having multiple husbands, within
Polyandry there are many variations on the
marriage style.
Residence
Pa tt e rn
a. Neological Residence
´is most common with North American couples. This is where the
couple finds their own house, independent from all family
members.

b. Patrilocal Residence
´is most commonly used with herding and farming societies.
It’s where the married couple lives with the husband’s father ’s family.
Residence
Pa tt e rn
c. Matrilocal Residence
´´is most familiar among horticultural groups. It’s where the couple
moves to live where the wife grew up; usually found with
matrilineal kinship systems.

d. Avunculocal Residence
is also related in matrilineal societies however in this case the couple moves to live
with the husband’s mother ’s brother. They live with the most significant man, his
uncle, because it’s who they will later inherit everything from.
Fam i ly a n d the H o u se h o l d
Nuclear Family

• A family consisting of a married


man & woman and their biological
children.

• The main issue for children is to


help them under- stand that their
two-parent, heterosexual family is
a fine family, and is one kind
among many other kinds of
families
Extended Family

A family where Grandparents or Aunts and Uncles play major roles in the
children’s upbringing. This may or may not include those relatives living
with the children. These family members may be in addition to the child’s
parents or instead of the child’s parents.
REMINDERS/ ANNOUNCEMENT

You might also like