Real Time Streaming Media Using Darwin

Server

Mentor- Mr. Rahul Katarya

IT Department

Submitted By-
Syed Yasir Ali-2k7/IT/954
Vaibhav Sharma-2k7/IT/956
Varun Singhal-2k7/IT/957
Vipul Pandey-2k7/IT/959
 Acknowledgement

Our sincere thanks to HOD Prof. O.P. Verma, IT Department

for bestowing upon us this learning oppurtunity. It was a great
working experience with constant monitoring and support from
our mentor Mr. Rahul Katariya. We believe this project will
help us in long careers ahead in life.
 Goals of the Project:
 To develop a framework for deploying real time unbuffered streaming of multimedia over
a network using Darwin Streaming Server.
 Key focus is also on various security issues relating to sharing of multimedia files.
 To implement an On-Demand Media Streaming Server using latest techniques on the
Darwin Programming Interface employing the features:
• Reduced latency
• Scalability

 To do the performance analysis of server/client.

 To protect the media from unauthorized production of videos.

 Deployment Areas:
 distance learning courses.
 Video Lectures and seminar delivery
 corporate communications to employees, customers, suppliers, or shareholders.
 one-time concert or presentation .
 STREAMING SERVER

 What is Streaming?

 Displaying media from a server over a network to a client in real time, from modem rates to
broadband.
 No file is ever downloaded to a viewer’s hard drive.
 Media is played by the client software as it is delivered.

request
CLIENT SERVER
response

 With Streaming you can deliver

* broadcasts of live events in real time.
* video on demand.
* playlist broadcasts of pre recorded content.

 The streaming server

 transmits video and audio streams
 uses client software such as QuickTime Player.
 Handles request using Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP).
 Examples – streaming video, IP telephony, teleconferencing, interactive games.

 Service requirements:
• Highly sensitive to end-to-end delay
• Jitter sensitive
• Loss – tolerant

 Audio/Video streaming : popular application and significant consumer of network

bandwidth.

 Key Factors:
• Improvement in Internet infrastructure: cable modem, caching and content
delivery networks (CDNs).
• Enormous pent-up demand for live videos or on demand streaming.
• Streaming of highly secured videos which may not allow duplication.
 Audio/Video streaming
 Key Features:
• Stored Media: prerecorded and stored at server, user may pause, rewind or
fast-forward.
• Streaming: begins playout while receiving no entire file download.
• Continuous playout: progress according to original timing of recording.

 Limitations:
• Packet Loss
• End-to-end delay
• Packet jitter
• Delayed playback (Buffered first)
 Current Technology
 Flash Media Server is used most commonly. It uses RTMP.
 It supports Buffered Video streaming.

Technology:
 Embed the shockwave file(.swf) in your web page.
 All you need is Flash plugin to run the media at client side.
 Used by YouTube, Adobe, Live sports telecast etc.

Advantages:
 Helps in multiple viewing of same media. Supports caching.
 Easy to integrate. Supported by all web browsers.
 Flexible over all kinds of networks, since the media is first downloaded and then
displayed.

Disadvantages:
 Flash media is costly to deliver. High compression cost involved.
 Client can reproduce its own copies of media and sell or forge with it.
 Frustrating since you have to wait for the media while buffering.
 Technical Specifications
• Studied the architecture of the DSS and figured out how we can use its Programming
Interface to implement Patching.

• Patching Module: Requirements

• RAM Required: greater than 512 MB
Platform : Linux/Windows Server2003
Streaming Technique : Patching
Programming Interface : Darwin Streaming Server
Front End: XML
Back End Language : C++

• Specifications
• High speed LAN (depending upon no: of users)
• Media Player- VLC, Quick Time, Real etc.
 Why Darwin Server?
Streaming

Buffered Unbuffered

 Progressive download(Buffered Streaming eg You-Tube) that allows the user to start

viewing the movie once a sufficient amount of video data has been received or buffered,
and then while the movie plays, the rest of the data is downloaded.

Issues with Buffered Media:

 large portions of hard disk space or recordable CDs to store it is required.
 pirate copies can be developed or file sharing applications can be used to make the film
illegally available to others.

Advantages of Darwin Server:

 movie data is not stored locally.
 data is only kept in the computer memory for processing and once content has been
displayed it is discarded.
 movie data streamed is synchronised.
 download delays are removed, hard disk space to store movie data is not required.
 the stream can be terminated anytime.
 Server sends data till it is streamed. Efficient where network charge is on usage.
 Lower quality video can be streamed for low bandwidth connection.
 No piracy of genuine copy and helps in authorized viewing.
 Supports both unicast and multicast
 Supports following protocols:
• RTSP over TCP
• RTP over UDP

Hurdles:
 irregular transmission delays i.e. jitter, and loss of packets from the stream can
result in impaired video quality at the client.
 huge networking constraints are to be kept in mind.
 deployed according to the topological distribution of computer terminals.
 No caching of media.
 Comparison of streaming media systems

Services Flash Media Server Darwin Streaming Server

Streaming Progressive/Buffered Unbuffered

Operating System Windows, Linux Windows, Linux,

Support MacOs, Solaris

Format support FLV, MP4 QTSS, MP4, AVI, WMV

Protocol Support RTMP RTSP, RTP, RTCP

Player Support Flash Player Any Player- VLC,QTP,

Real time player etc.
 Network Topology

Real time Video Streaming by recording media and parallel displaying at client
computers. It can be used for relaying Video Lectures to students on demands.
 Networking Constraints
 Using a CAT-5 cable(100 Mbps LAN)

 An average Video delivered at 1000kbps (approx.) over 100Mbps connection for the
Local LAN would suffice the requirement for

 100Mbps/1000kbps= 100 clients

but experimental results have shown loss due to high jitter decreasing clients over
the network.

Using a CAT-6 cable(1 Gbps LAN)

The LAN is used rarely but could support even higher no of clients.

The Wi-Fi Network working over 56Kbps does not perform well, due to very high
jitter in the network. Thus failed to deliver stream.

Further use of CAT-7 cable would increase the bandwidth consumption to 10Gbps.
 Broadcasting Techniques

Multicast Delivery
Unicast Delivery For delivering a 1000kbps stream to 100
For delivering a 1000kbps stream to 100 clients 100kbps bandwidth would be used.
clients 100Mbps bandwidth would be used.
 Samples of Video Streaming

Sample effects of video streaming errors. The images show a video sequence
unimpaired (left), with loss (middle) and with packet reordering.
 Jitter or Loss in Media

When the packet is delivered after its streaming time there is a loss of packet. Buffered
media maintains a lag from streaming server so as to avoid jitter.
RTSP/RTP Request Processing
 Streaming Server Jitter

A stream delivered at 1000kbps. Jitter is better in

Multicast Network than in Unicast.
 Proposed Techniques
 ATM could be used to deliver media.
 ATM is a cell based switching technique it is very much suitable for Real Time
Media Transport.
 Can be deployed over LAN as well as WAN.

 ATM uses SONET backbone of ISDN.

 SONET transfers multiple digital bit streams over optical fibre so high end speed
could be obtained.

 We can use Darwin’s security features and ATM’s high speed switching technology
to cope with the ever increasing demands.

 Drawbacks:
 Technology has been limited.
 Very costly as of present scenario.
 No Hardware and Software compatibility.
 References
 Anirban Mahanti, Derek Eager, Mary Vernon, and David Sundaram-Stukel,
"Scalable On-demand Media Streaming with Packet Loss Recovery", IEEE/ACM
Transactions on Networking, Vol. 11, No. 2, April 2003, pp. 195-209.
 K. A. Hua, Y. Cai, and S. Sheu, “Patching: A Multicast Technique for True Video-
On-Demand Services”, Proc. ACM Multimedia ’98, Bristol, U.K., Sept. 1998.
 D. L. Eager, M. K. Vernon, and J. Zahorjan, “Bandwidth Skimming: A Technique
for Cost-Effective Video-on-Demand”, Proc. MMCN ’00, San Jose, CA, Jan. 2000.
 Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, James F.
Kurose; Keith W. Ross
 Quick Time Streaming Server: Administrator’s Guide
 QuickTime Streaming Server Modules Programming Guide
 http://developer.apple.com/opensource/server/streaming/index.html
 http://wiki.gandi.net/en/hosting/usinglinux/tutorials/fedora/darwinstreaming
 http://lists.apple.com/mailman/listinfo/streaming-server-dev.