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Factoring Part 3 PSTJ General Trinomial Year2

This document provides a lesson on factoring polynomials. It begins by reviewing factoring perfect square trinomials (PSTs) and quadratic trinomials. It then defines PSTs as polynomials that can be written as a square of a binomial. It provides examples of determining if a trinomial is a PST by checking if the first and last terms are perfect squares and if the middle term is twice the product of the square roots of the other two terms. The document then factors various PSTs and quadratic trinomials through multiple steps like finding the greatest common factor, identifying factors of terms, and grouping. It concludes by having the reader practice factoring different polynomials.

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77 views26 pages

Factoring Part 3 PSTJ General Trinomial Year2

This document provides a lesson on factoring polynomials. It begins by reviewing factoring perfect square trinomials (PSTs) and quadratic trinomials. It then defines PSTs as polynomials that can be written as a square of a binomial. It provides examples of determining if a trinomial is a PST by checking if the first and last terms are perfect squares and if the middle term is twice the product of the square roots of the other two terms. The document then factors various PSTs and quadratic trinomials through multiple steps like finding the greatest common factor, identifying factors of terms, and grouping. It concludes by having the reader practice factoring different polynomials.

Uploaded by

Barbie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic: Factoring

Lesson 3
OBJECTIVES:
1. Determine a perfect square trinomial
2. Factor perfect square trinomials
3. Factor quadratic trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c
Review:
Factor
1. 9a2 – 16 = (3a)2 – (4)2 = (3a + 4)(3a – 4)

2. x4 – 16y4 = (x 2)2 – (4y 2)2 = (x 2 + 4y 2)(x 2 – 4y 2)


(x + 2y)(x – 2y)
= (x 2 + 4y 2)(x + 2y)(x – 2y)
3. x3 - 8y3 = (x)3 – (2y)3
= (x – 2y)(x2 + 2xy + 4y2)

4. a7 + ab6
= a(a6 – b6)
= a [(a3)2 – (b3)2]
= a [(a3 + b3)(a3 – b3)]
(a + b)(a2 – ab + b2) (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2)
=a
Multiply
1. (a + b) (a + b) = a2 + ab + ab + b2
= a2 + 2ab + b2

2. (a – b) (a – b) = a 2
– ab – ab + b 2

= a2 – 2ab + b2
3. (a + 3) (a – 5) = a2 - 5a + 3a - 15
= a2 - 2a - 15

4. (2a – b) (a + b) = 2a 2
+ 2ab – ab - b 2

= 2a2 + ab - b2
Lesson proper:
What is a perfect square trinomial or PST?
- a polynomial that can be written as a square of a binomial
Examples:
1. x2 + 2x + 1 = (x+1)(x+1) = (x+1)2
2. 4x2 – 12x + 9 = (2x-3)(2x-3) = (2x-3)2

- the result when a binomial is squared.


Example:
(2x – 1) 2 = (2x – 1)(2x – 1)
= 4x 2 – 4x + 1
How will you know whether a trinomial is a
perfect square trinomial?
- the 1st and the last term are perfect squares
- the middle term is 2 times the product of the
square root of the 1st and last term, regardless of
the sign
Examples:
1. x2 + 2x + 1
2. 4x2 – 12x + 9
What is a quadratic trinomial?
A trinomial of the form ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real
numbers.
Examples:
1. x2 + 2x + 1
2. x 2 – 6x + 5
3. 2x 2 – 7x + 6
Illustrative Examples :
A. Which of the following trinomials are PST?
1. x2 + 4x + 4 PST
2. 4y2 – 12y + 9 PST
3. 9a2 + 4a + 1 NOT
1. Determine if x2 + 4x + 4 is a PST or not.
Solution:
Determine the square root of the first term x2
x
Determine the square root of the last term 4
2
Multiply x and 2 and then multiply the product by 2.
(x)(2)(2) = 4x
Since 4x is the same as the middle term regardless of
the sign,
therefore PST.
2. Determine if 4y2 – 12y + 9 is a PST or not.
Solution:
Determine the square root of the first term 4y2
2y
Determine the square root of the last term 9
3
Multiply 2y and 3 and then multiply the product by 2.
(2y)(3)(2) = 12y
Since 12y is the same as the middle term regardless of
the sign,
therefore PST.
3. Determine if 9a2 + 4a + 1 is a PST or not.
Solution:
Determine the square root of the first term 9a2
3a
Determine the square root of the last term 1
1
Multiply 3a and 1 and then multiply the product by 2.
(3a)(1)(2) = 6a
Since 6a is NOT the same as the middle term 4a,
therefore
NOT PST.
Illustrative Examples:
B. Factoring a PST
Factor the following
1. x2 + 12x + 36
2. 4y2 – 20y + 25
1. Factor x2 + 12x + 36
 

Solution:
Step 1. Determine the square root of the 1st and 3rd term

Step 2. Form the product of two identical binomials


whose 1st term is x and 2nd term is 6.
The answer is
(x + 6)(x + 6)
or (x + 6) 2
2. Factor 4y2 – 20y + 25
 

Solution:
Step 1. Determine the square root of the 1st and 3rd term

Step 2. Form the product of two identical binomials


whose 1st term is 2y and 2nd term is 5.
The answer is
(2y - 5)(2y - 5)
or (2y - 5) 2
Practice exercises:
Factor the following
1. x2 – 8x + 16 = (x – 4)(x – 4) or (x – 4)2
2. 9x2 + 30x + 25 = (3x + 5)(3x + 5) or (3x + 5)2
3. 12y2 + 12y + 3 = 3(4y2 + 4y + 1)
= 3(2y + 1)(2y + 1)
or 3(2y + 1)2
Illustrative Examples:
C. Factoring a quadratic trinomial (not a PST)
Factor the following
1. x2 + 9x + 14
2. 2y2 + 16y – 40
3. 3a2 + 8a + 4
4. 5a2 – 7a – 6
1. Factor x2 + 9x + 14
Solution:
Step 1: Think of 2 factors of 14 such that their product is
14 and their sum is 9
The factors of 14 are 1, 2, 7, 14
Therefore, the factors that satisfy the conditions are …
Step 2: Form the binomial factors where the 2nd terms
are 2 and 7 and the 1st terms are both x
(x + 7)(x + 2)
2. Factor 2y2 + 16y – 40
Solution:
Step 1: Factor the polynomial by determining the GCF
2(y2 + 8y – 20)
Step 2: Think of 2 factors of -20 such that their product is -20
and their sum is 8
The factors of -20 are 1, 2, 4, 5,10, 20
and the negatives -1, -2, -4, -5,-10, -20
Therefore, the factors that satisfy the conditions are …
Step 3: Form the binomial factors where the 2nd terms are -2 and 10
and the 1st terms are both y
2(y - 2)(y + 10)
3. Factor 3a2 + 8a + 4
Solution:
Step 1: Multiply the coefficient of 3a2 and the constant term 4
3(4) = 12
Step 2: Find 2 factors whose product is equal to 12 and whose
sum is equal to 8 (the numerical coefficient of the middle term 8a)
Factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
The factors that satisfy the conditions are …
Step 3: Replace the middle term by 2a and 6a
3a2 + 2a + 6a + 4
Step 4: Factor by grouping
(3a2 + 2a) + (6a + 4)
a(3a + 2) + 2(3a + 2)
(3a + 2)(a + 2)
4. Factor 5a2 – 7a – 6
Solution:
Step 1: Multiply the coefficient of 5a2 and the constant term – 6
5(-6) = -30
Step 2: Find 2 factors whose product is equal to -30 and whose
sum is equal to -7 (the numerical coefficient of the middle term -7a)
Factors of -30 are 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30 and 1-, -2, -3, -5, -6, -10, -15, -30
The factors that satisfy the conditions are …
Step 3: Replace the middle term by -10a and 3a
5a2 – 10a + 3a – 6
Step 4: Factor by grouping
(5a2 – 10a) + (3a – 6)
5a(a – 2) + 3(a – 2)
(a – 2)(5a + 3)
Practice exercises:
Factor the following
1. x2 – 8x + 15 = (x – 3)(x – 5)
2. 2x2 + 8x – 24 = 2(x – 2)(x + 6)
3. 2a2 + 7a – 15 = (2a – 3)(a + 5)
4. 3a2 +20a + 12 = (3a + 2)(a + 6)
What I have learned
I learned how to …
1. Determine a PST
2.Factor perfect square trinomials.
3.Factor quadratic trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c
Evaluation
 

1. What is the factored form of 4x4 + 20x2 + 25 ?

2. The area of a square is 9x2 – 24xy + 16y2 square units.


What is the length of each side?
3. A rectangular frame has a length of . If its area is 3x2 +
 

13x 10, what is the length ?

4. What is the factored form of 4x2 4x 15

A.
5. Which of the following is not a perfect square?
A. x2 – 6x + 9
B. 4x2 + 4xy + y2
C. 9a2 – 30a + 25
D. 16a2 +10a + 4

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