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1.) Sets

Here are the answers to the activity questions: I. 1. 😔 2. 😔 3. 😄 4. 😔 5. 😄 II. 1. True 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. False III. 1.) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} 2.) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8} 3.) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4

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394 views

1.) Sets

Here are the answers to the activity questions: I. 1. 😔 2. 😔 3. 😄 4. 😔 5. 😄 II. 1. True 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. False III. 1.) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9} 2.) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8} 3.) {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4

Uploaded by

VIRGILIO MANACIO JR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Lesson 1: Sets

Lesson 2: Subset, Universal Sets, Null Set,


Cardinality of Sets

Lesson 3: Union and Intersection of Sets and


the Difference of Two Sets
After going through this lessons, you are
expected to:

1. Define a well-defined set;


2. Illustrate a subset, universal set, null
set, cardinality of set; and
3. Analyze union, intersection, and the
difference of two sets.
Sets is a well-defined group or collection of objects that share
common characteristics. The objects contained in the set
are called elements.
A set can be named using capital
letters like A, B, C, D, …, Z and we
use braces { } to group the elements
of set separated by commas
R = {Elmo, bag, car, apple, doll’s dress, Oggie’s nose}
If a set contains many elements, we often use three
dots, …, called ellipsis.
Example of well-defined sets
1.) The set of primary colors 3.) The set of all multiples of 5.
M = {𝑟𝑒𝑑, 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒} Y = {5, 10, 15, …}
2.) The set of all even numbers. 4.) The set of letter in the word “arrange”.
E = { 2, 4, 6,…} O = { 𝑎, 𝑟, 𝑛, 𝑔, 𝑒}

Example of not well-defined sets


5. The set of famous dancers.
6. The set of punctual students in your class.
7. The set of honest people
*Note: The sets given above are not well-defined since people will have different
point of views on famous dancers, punctual students and honest people.
Subsets, Universal Sets, Null Sets and Cardinality of Sets
Given: A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
1. The set of odd numbers. O = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
2. The set of all factors of 10. F = {1, 2, 5, 10}
3. The set of multiples of 4. M = {4, 8}
 
4. The set of negative integers N = { } or

The universal set “U” is the set that


UNIVERSAL SET contains all objects under consideration.
1. R = {1, 3, 5, 9} U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
2. T = {2, 3, 9, 10}
3. C = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
Q = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}
The universal set “U” is the set that
UNIVERSAL SET contains all objects under consideration.

1.) A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
2.) B = {2, 4, 6, 8} U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
3.) C = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

4.) D = {a, b, c, d, e} Can we consider set F as


5.) E = {2, 3, 5, 7} the universal set of set D
6.) F = {a, b, c, d, e, 2, 3, 5, 7} and set E? why or why not?
 
Given any two sets A and B,
SUBSETS if every element in A is also an element in B,
then A is a subset of B.
The symbol “A B” is read A is a subset of B.
A = {a, b, c, d, e} B = {a, b, c, d, e}
A = {b, c, d, e}
A = {c, d, e}
A = {d, e}
A = {e}
A={}
*Note: Empty set is also a subset of every set and Every set is a subset of itself.
 
Given any two sets A and B,
SUBSETS if every element in A is also an element in B,
then A is a subset of B.
The symbol “A B” is read A is a subset of B.
A = {a, b, c, d, e} B = {a, b, c, d, e}
B = {b, c, d, e}
B = {c, d, e}
1. W = {c, r, y} and X = {c, r}
2. Y = {n, a, m, e} and Z = {e, m, a, n}
3. M = {2, 4, 6, 8} and N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
A set with no element is an empty set or null
NULL SET set. The symbol for empty set is { } or ∅.

1. Set T is the set of counting numbers between 1 and 2.


T = { } or T = ∅
2. Set I is the set of months with 33 days.
I = { } or I = ∅
3. Set M is the set of cars with 60 doors.
M = { } or M = ∅
4. Set B is the set of flying castles.
B = { } or B = ∅
CARDINALITY The cardinal number of set A, denoted by
OF SETS n(A), is the number of elements in set A.
Thus, in A = {1, 3, 5, 7}, n(A) = 4 because set A contains 4 elements.
Find the cardinality of the following sets.
1. Set D is the set of vowels in English alphabet.
Solution: D = {𝑎, 𝑒, 𝑖, 𝑜, 𝑢}
Answer: n(D) = 5
2. Set R is the set of letters in the word “difficulty”.
Solution: R = {𝑑, 𝑖, 𝑓, 𝑐, 𝑢, 𝑙,𝑡, 𝑦}
Answer: n(R) = 8
3. Set M is the set of odd numbers between 1 and 3.
Solution: M = { } or M = ∅
Answer: n(M) = 0
OPERATION OF SETS
 
UNION OF The union of sets A and B, written as A B,
SETS is the set of elements that are members of A,
or members of B, or members of both A and B.
 
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}
A B= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
 
2. If A = {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}
A B= {a, b, c, d, e, i, o, u}
INTERSECTION The intersection of two sets A and B, written
as A ∩ B,
OF SETS is the set of all elements common to both
sets A and B
 
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}
A B= {1, 2}
 
2. If A = {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}
A B= {a, e}
DIFFERENCE The difference of set A and B, written as A – B,
OF TWO SETS is a set of elements in A that are not in B.
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}
A – B = {3} B – A = {4, 5, 6}
2. If {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}
A – B = {b, c, d} B – A = {i, o, u}
DIFFERENCE The difference of set A and B, written as A – B,
OF TWO SETS is a set of elements in A that are not in B.
1. If A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}
A – B = {3} B – A = {4, 5, 6}
2. If {a, b, c, d, e} and B = {a, e, i, o, u}
A – B = {b, c, d} B – A = {i, o, u}
Work by Group
a) Answer: “What’s More” p. 5, p. 11 and
pp. 15-16

Individual Work
a) Answer: “What I have learned” p. 5 & p.11;
“What I can do” p. 6, p. 12 and p. 17
ACTIVITY 1
Answer the following next slides:
Submit your answer on the Google
Classroom.
I. Draw a happy face if it is a well defined set
and a sad face if not.
1. The set of excellent singers
2. The set of book of the grade 7 students
3. The set of senators in the Philippines
4. The set of girls’ favorite clothes
5. The set of female teachers in grade 7
 
II. Tell whether each statement is True or
False.

1. {1, 5, 9} {1, 3, 5,… }


2. {k, a, w, i, t} {a, w, i, t}
3. {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2} {2, 1, 0, -1, -2}
4. {3} {1, 2, 3, 4}
5. {1,3, 5, 7} ∅
 
III. Perform the following operation on sets.
A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
B = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
C = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
D = {2, 4, 6, 8}

1.) A B C 4.) A B C D
2.) (C D) A 5.) A – C
3.) C D

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