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Hydrocyclone and Its Application: Assignment Group No. 09: Roll No Pp20061 - Pp20068

The document discusses hydrocyclones and their applications. It provides an introduction to hydrocyclones, explaining how they use centrifugal force and gravity to separate mixtures. It then describes the basic principles and process, including how the vortex separates coarse and fine particles. Key design parameters that affect hydrocyclone performance are outlined. Applications mentioned include use in mineral processing, oil/water separation, and pulp/paper industry processes.

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Gaurav Dhembare
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263 views14 pages

Hydrocyclone and Its Application: Assignment Group No. 09: Roll No Pp20061 - Pp20068

The document discusses hydrocyclones and their applications. It provides an introduction to hydrocyclones, explaining how they use centrifugal force and gravity to separate mixtures. It then describes the basic principles and process, including how the vortex separates coarse and fine particles. Key design parameters that affect hydrocyclone performance are outlined. Applications mentioned include use in mineral processing, oil/water separation, and pulp/paper industry processes.

Uploaded by

Gaurav Dhembare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT GROUP NO.

09 : ROLL NO PP20061 – PP20068

HYDROCYCLONE AND ITS APPLICATION


SUBMITTED BY:- SUBMITTED TO:-
PP20061- SANKET ADNYANBONWAR
PP20062- MAYUR RAKSHE Dr. Pramod Deshpande
PP20063- GAURAV DHEMBARE
Sr. Associate Professor
PP20064- GAURAV PATIL
PP20065- PRABHAKAR GANTA NICMAR , Pune
PP20066- LOGESHWARAN B
PP20067- CHANDRALEKHA KANSE
PP20068- SANDEEP NAYAK H
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCYCLONE

Introduction:
•Cyclonic separation is a method of removing particulates from an air, gas or liquid
stream, without the use of filters, through vortex separation.
•Rotational effects and gravity are used to separate mixtures of solids and fluids.
•The method can also be used to separate fine droplets of liquid from a gaseous
stream.
•Most common form of particulate removal gas is spun rapidly – heavier particulate
matter to collect on outside of separator by centrifugal force, where it is collected
and removed.
•They create a dual vortex to separate course from fine dust.
•The main vortex spirals downward and carries most of the coarser dust particles.
•The inner vortex created near the bottom of the cyclone, spirals upward and carries
finer dust particles.
PRINCIPLES OF PROCESS
• In a Cyclone, the air or vapor containing particulate material is forced into
along the tangential axis.
• A helical flow pattern is set up within the chamber.
• The centrifugal force causes the particles to migrate to the outside of the
chamber. Here they fall down to the bottom of the cyclone by gravity.
• The collected particulates are allowed to exit out an underflow pipe while
the gas phase reverses its axial direction of flow and exits out through the
vortex finder (gas outlet tube).
• The air moves up the center of the cyclone and reaches the top.
PROCESS OF HYDROCYCLONE
• The mixture is injected into the hydrocyclone in such a way as to
create the vortex

• Depending upon the relative densities of the two phases, the


centrifugal acceleration will cause the dispersed phase to move
away from or towards the central core of the vortex.

• The main vortex spirals downward and carries most of the coarser
particles

• The inner vortex created near the bottom of the cyclone, spirals
upward and carries finer particles.
PROCESS DESIGN PARAMETERS OF HYDROCYCLONE
• There are various design parameters of hydrocyclone which are as follows:

1. Cone angle:

• The larger the hydrocyclone diameter, the coarser the separation will take place. the included angle of
the cone section normally taken is between 10° and 20°.

2. Cone section length:

• The length of cone section depends upon the underflow cylinder diameter and cone angle of
hydrocyclone.

3. Inlet and overflow section diameters:

• To increase the intake capacity of a hydrocyclone, its inlet diameter has to be increased.

4. Cylinder section diameter:

• The diameter of cylinder section of the cyclone should be 2 times the overflow pipe diameter.
PROCESS DESIGN PARAMETERS OF HYDROCYCLONE
5. Cylinder section length:

• Typically, hydrocyclone have a cylinder section length equal to or greater than the hydrocyclone diameter. The length of cylinder section
should be 3 times the overflow pipe diameter.

6. Vortex finder design:

• Vortex finder takes the clean water and delivers it to the outlet. If the length of vortex finder increases, it is likely to disturb the vortex and
result in coarser separation of particles. So, the length of the vortex finder should be optimum and is found by a trial and error method.

7. Cut point size:

• The cyclone geometry, together with flow rate, define the cut point of the cyclone, a measure of a cyclone's performance, is defined as the
particle size that'll be removed from the stream with 50% efficiency i.e half the particles exit at the top and half at the bottom. Particles
larger than the cut point will be removed with a greater efficiency. A coarser (larger) cut point means that only larger particles can be
separated. A finer (smaller) cut point means that smaller particles can be removed.
THE PARAMETERS THAT AFFECT THE HYDROCYCLONE

• The parameters that affect the hydrocyclone work can


be divided into two kinds of parameters:
1) Structural Parameters ,
• The structural parameters include the diameter of
cyclone, diameter of feeding port, diameter of overflow
pipe, output size, inserting depth of overflow pipe, and
length of cylinder and cone body and the size of cone
angle.
THE PARAMETERS THAT AFFECT THE HYDROCYCLONE

2) Operational Parameters
• The operational parameters that affect hydrocyclone
include feed concentration and feed pressure.
• There are many other parameters based on purpose of
work, operation and types that affect hydrocyclone
work.
DIFFERENT PROCESS EQUIPMENT IN HYDROCYCLONE

There are four main types of hydrocyclone used in mineral processing,


include
1.XCI hydrocyclone,
2.XCII hydrocyclone,
3.XCIII hydrocyclone and
4.XCIV hydrocyclone,
• Cyclone separators provide a method of removing particulate matter from air or
other gas
streams at low cost and low maintenance. Cyclones are somewhat more
complicated in design
than simple gravity settling systems, and their removal efficiency is much better
than that of
settling chamber.
APPLICATION OF HYDROCYCLONES
Hydrocyclones are devices used to treat produced water in the petroleum industry .

• These gadgets are employed especially at offshore fields, due to restrictions of charge and space.
Several factors may affect the performance of the oil/water separation by hydrocyclones.

• Among these factors are the geometry and processing capacity of the hydrocyclones, oil droplet
size, density difference between the phases, pressure drops, and temperature fluctuation.

• When a higher inlet mixture temperature is used, a significant reduction in viscosity occurs, thus,
resulting in a higher oil mass flow rate on the overflow.

• Also, the use of a higher inlet mixture temperature leads to a higher hydrocyclone separation
efficiency. An increase on the oil droplet size from 10 to 100μm affects slightly oil superficial
velocity and separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone.
Hydrocyclones application in Pulp/Paper Industry

• Hydrocyclones have been in industry for over 100 years, the first model used to separate sand and water.

• Hydrocyclones are employed in the paper and pulp industry for segregating contaminated particles from
the cellulose fiber in a liquid suspension creating the final paper product.

• Hydrocyclone use was expanded elsewhere within the paper industry to include: removal of dirt from
various parts of the papermaking process, removal of varying density contaminants, and potential
prefabrication of fibers.

Hydrocyclone application in Mineral Industry

• The mineral industry uses hydrocyclones because it provides better size control separation, lower water
consumption, increasingly low operational costs, and requires less space than other separation devices.

• The mining industry still utilizes hydrocyclones as a static technology that enables separation of minerals.
THANK YOU

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