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Lesson 02 - Main Parts of Computer

This document summarizes the main internal and external parts of a computer system. It describes the case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, graphics card, monitor, sound card, and network card. It explains what each component is and its basic function within the computer. It also provides details on common types of each component, such as different CPU sockets, RAM sizes, and graphics card interfaces.

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53 views

Lesson 02 - Main Parts of Computer

This document summarizes the main internal and external parts of a computer system. It describes the case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, graphics card, monitor, sound card, and network card. It explains what each component is and its basic function within the computer. It also provides details on common types of each component, such as different CPU sockets, RAM sizes, and graphics card interfaces.

Uploaded by

Dummy Account
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAIN PARTS OF

COMPUTER
Lesson 2: Performing Computer Operation
OBJECTIVES:
 Learners will be able to identify computers’ main parts.
CASE & PSU (POWER SUPPLY
UNIT)
 Depending on the size of motherboard that you have and the need for space in your computer
there are a variety of computer case sizes to accomodate the computer's components.

 Things to consider are desk space, cooling, room for expansion and cost. With these things in
mind you should have no problem selecting the correct case for your needs.
ATX
ATX (ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY EXTENDED)
 is a motherboard configuration specification
developed by Intel in 1995 to improve on
previous de facto standards like the AT design. It
was the first major change in 
desktop computer enclosure, motherboard and 
power supply design in many years, improving
standardization and interchangeability of parts.
TWO BASIC COMMON TYPES FOR
COMPUTER CASING OR CHASSIS:
 Tower Case – it is designed to stand vertically that will lessen the
space being occupied. It comes in three basic sizes: full, midi and
mini.

 Desktop Case – it is designed horizontally which are usually used


for office or home PCs. It comes in two basic sizes: standard and
slimline.
CPU OR CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT
 The CPU or the Central Processing unit is the brain of the computer and the single most
important chip in the computer.
HOW CPU IS MADE
 The faster and better the processor the more quickly the computer will execute commands, so
your games will work faster and your applications will work more quickly and more
responsively.

 There are various chip producers the big two are Intel and AMD, both work well, though the
Intel chips still have a slight advantage on floating point calculations.
PGA (PIN GRID ARRAY)
 the same set of pins that would connect the CPU to
the motherboard
COMMONLY USED CPU
SOCKET
 Socket LGA775 – For latest pentum 4, Pentum D, Series Core
Technologies
 Socket 478 - for older Pentium and Celeron processors
 Socket 754 - for AMD Sempron and some AMD Athlon processors
 Socket 939 - for newer and faster AMD Athlon processors
 Socket AM2 - for the newest AMD Athlon processors
 Socket A - for older AMD Athlon processors
RAM (RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY)
 RAM or Random Access Memory is the memory used by the
computer while it is in operation, this memory is described as volatile
as it is wiped clean when the computer is shutdown.
 Again the more RAM that you have installed in your computer the
faster the computer will operate.
 You can get RAM modules in various sizes i.e. their logical sizes, the
amount of data they can hold. This range from 1MB, 2MB, 4MB,
8MB, 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, 256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 2GB.
Nowadays you will normally only find RAM in sizes of 128MB or
above
HOW CPU WORKS
MOTHERBOARD
 The motherboard is the main circuit board inside the PC
which holds the processor, memory and expansion slots
and connects directly or indirectly to every part of the PC.
It's made up of a chipset (known as the "glue logic"), some
code in ROM and the various interconnections or buses.
GRAPHICS CARD
 A video adapter (alternate terms include graphics card, display
adapter, video card, video board and almost any combination of the
words in these terms) is an integrated circuit card in a computer or,
in some cases, a monitor that provides digital-to-analog conversion,
video RAM, and a video controller so that data can be sent to a
computer's display.
COMMON TYPES OF
GRAPHICS CARD
 PCI (Perhiperhal Component Interface) - This is the oldest type of connection
and thus the slowest, though performance is not that great it does the job fine
for Windows non-graphics applications. Often the graphics cards for PCI are
very cheap.
 AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) - With the need for faster graphics a new
connector was added to motherboard to allow faster graphics. The graphics
cards available for this are vastly faster than PCI offering better performance,
though there is a price hike too.
 PCI-Express - A new and most expensive type of card that fits into a PCI-
Express slot on a motherboard that supports it. The bandwidth to the card is
much greater and thus the performance of the card.
MONITOR
an output device used for visual display of
information.
HOW MONITOR WORKS
SOUND CARD
A type of expansion board on PC–compatible
computers that allows the playback and
recording of sound
NETWORK CARD
 A network card allows you to connect your PC to a
network, it acts as the interface between the network
medium (cable, radio waves etc.) and your PC. There are
various types of network cable, however now you will
only really find UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) CAT
5/5e/6 and wireless 802.11a/b/g network cards.
NEXT TOPIC:
Components of Computer:

Assignment:
Define the following:
INPUT
OUTPUT
PROCESSING

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