Let's turn your imagination

into reality!
complex
numbers
Group 3:
Dela Fuente, Feeohna
Ocot, Marifred Shannah
Pineda, Charlemaigne
Uson, Zara
 objectives
1) Learn how to simplify powers of i
2) Carry out any of the arithmetic operations on complex
numbers:
• Addition of complex numbers.
• Subtraction of complex numbers.
• Multiplication of complex numbers.
• Division of complex numbers.
3) Know the connection and application of complex numbers
in real life
 table of contents
I. 10 item review 1
II. Main discussion (Complex numbers)
1) Introduction 4
2) The power of i 10
3) Operations 14
III. Real Life connection 21
IV. Development of the lesson with examples 23
V. Short check-up w/ answers 24
VI. Application to Real Life 27
VII. Closing Trivia and Key takeaways 30
I. 10 Item Review
1.)5 √2 + 3 √2
2.)7 √5 - 2 √5
3.)5 √7 + 3 √6
4.)3 √24 - √54 + √6
5.)3 √27 + 4 √12 - √300
6.)3 √12 - √48
7.)11 √7 - 4√7
8.)a√27 - 2√3a²
9.)-√6y - √54y
10.)b√45c³ + 4c√20b²c PAGE
1
 I. 10 Item Review Answers
1.)8√2
2.)5√5
3.)cannot be simplified
4.)4√6
5.)7√3
6.)2√3
7.)7√7
8.)3a√3 - 2√3a²
9.)-4√6y
10.)3b√5c³ + 8c√5b² PAGE
2
MAIN DISCUSSION OF
COMPLEX NUMBERS

PAGE
3
INTRODUCTIO
N

PAGE
4
 INTRODUCTIO
N
Negativ e N umbe rs do no t have square
roots in the set of real numbers. = ???

Imag in ary numbe rs are d evel ope d for

their square roots that would also give
certain equations solutions.

PAGE
5
INTRODUCTIO
N be rs are com p lex nu m be rs
Im ag inar y N u m
that are sq uare ro ot s of n egat iv e nu mbe rs
expr es se d as re al num be rs m ult ip lied by th e
imaginary unit i

2i 14i 3i
PAGE
6
INTRODUCTIO
N
Imaginar y N u m be rs co nsist of all nu m bers
bi, wh er ei n b is a re al num be r an d i is th e
imaginary unit.

-2 i 14i 3i
PAGE
7
 INTRODUCTIO
N
These numbers are deri ved w ith the
imaginary unit i

Imagin ary num ber s are d ef in ed by the

property i² = −1

PAGE
8
1) 3i 8)
2) 16i 109i
3) 9i 9) 23i
4) 10) EXAMPL
116i 28i ES
5) 4i 11)
6) 17i 74i
7) 9i 12) PAGE
9
THE POWER
OF i
Powers
of i
PAGE
10
Simplifying powers of
i
Method 1:
Break the power down to show the factors of four. Use the fact
that i ⁴ = 1 and the rules for working with exponents to simplify
higher powers of i.

i⁶⁰=(i⁴)¹⁵=1¹⁵=1

PAGE
11
Simplifying powers of i
Method 2:
Divide the exponent by 4:

• if the remainder is 0, the answer

is 1
• if the remainder is 1, the answer
is i
• if the remainder is 2, the answer
PAGE
is -1
12
REMEMBE
R !
The cycle repeats every
four powers

PAGE
13
 OPERATION
S Addition of Two Complex Numbers
Consider two complex numbers z1 = a1 + ib1 and z2 = a2 + ib2
Then the addition of the complex numbers z1 and z2 is defined as,
z1+z2 =( a1+ib1 )+( a2+ib2 ) = (a1+a2)+i(b1+b2)
Therefore we observed that, (Real=Re, Imaginary=Im)
1) Re(z1+z2 )= Re( z1 )+Re( z2 )=(a1+a2)
2) Im( z1+z2 )=Im( z1)+Im(z2)=(b1+b2)

PAGE
14
OPERATION
S
Addition of Two Complex Numbers
Example:
z1 = a+3i, z2 = 4+bi, z3 = 6+10i
Find the value of a and b if z3 = z1+z2
Re(z3 ) = Re(z1 )+Re(z2 )
6=a+4 For the complex
a=6–4=2 numbers,
Im(z3 ) = Im(z1 ) + Im(z2 ) z1 = a1+ib1
z2 = a1+ib2
10 = 3+b
z3 = a3+ib3
b = 10-3 =7
PAGE
15
 OPERATION
S
Difference of Two Complex Numbers
Consider the complex numbers z1 = a1+ib1 and z2 = a2+ib2,
then the difference of z1 and z2, z1-z2 is defined as,
z1-z2 = (a1-a2)+i(b1-b2)
From the definition, it is understood that, (Real=Re, Imaginary=Im)
Re(z1-z2)=Re(z1)-Re(z2)
Im(z1-z2)=Im(z1)-ImRe(z2)

PAGE
16
 OPERATION
S
Multiplication of Two Complex Numbers
We know the expansion of (a+b)(c+d)=ac+ad+bc+bd
Similarly, consider the complex numbers z1 = a1+ib1 and z2 = a2+ib2

Then, the product of z1 and z2 is defined as

z1 z2=(a1+ib1)(a2+ib2)
z1 z2 = a1xa2+a1xb2 i+b1xa2 i+b1xb2 i²
Since, ( i²)=-1,
z1 z2 = (a1 a2-b1 b2 )+i(a1 b2+a2 b1 )
PAGE
17
OPERATION
S
Multiplication of Two Complex Numbers
Example:
z1=6-2i, z2=4+3i. Find z1 z2
Solution:
z1 z2 = (6-2i) (4+3i)
= 6 × 4 + 6 × 3i + (-2i) × 4 + (-2i)(3i)
= 24 + 18i – 8i – 6i2
= 24 + 10i + 6
= 30 + 10i
PAGE
18
 OPERATION
S Division of Complex Numbers
Consider the complex number (z1) = ( a1 + ib1) and (z2) =( a2 + ib2),
then the quotient z1⁄z2 is defined as,

PAGE
19
OPERATION
S
Division of Complex Numbers
Example:
(z1) = ( 2 + 3i) and (z2) = (1 + i), Find
z1/z2.
Solution:

PAGE
20
 Real Life Connection
ere m ig h t be th ing s th a t w ou ld lo o k
e re m ay b e tim es th a t in ou r liv es th
Th
ply d epen d s on ho w y o u lo o k a t th e
an d im ag in ar y w h en in trut h it s im
meaningless m ay
re a m s an d g oa ls y ou w a n t to a ch ie v e
ou n d y o u. S o m e ti m e s so m e d
world ar
seem imaginary but can

s o lv e y ou r tro u b le s . I t m ay
nin g to d e fin e y o u r li fe a nd
be given mea , it m a y be
fi ne d to o th e rs , b u t to yo u
r n o thin g o r un d e
seem abstract o v a lu e , a u n it.
ry im p or ta n t y o ug iv e it a
som e thin g v e

PAGE
21
 Real Life Connection
un iv er sity , b ec om in g a m il lio n aire ,
am s li ke g ra d u atin g in a pr e st igio us
These dre in
s h o ld y ou r h ap p in es s th at e ve n th o se
ve ry so u lm a te , a n d m a ny ot h er
finding your se lf ,
sig n if ic a nc e. A s I sa y to m y
your dreams you give it

ag a in a nd s e e it so li d a n d
tra c t u n le s s y o u lo o k a t it
abstract is abs a n d t u r n
v e ou r im a g in a ry d re a m s
w e a ll c a n a c h ie
defined. I believe that w y o u lo o k a t it .
a ll si m p ly d e p e nds o n h o
it into a re a lity , it

PAGE
22
 Development of the
lesson with
examples
Addition/Subtraction of complex numbers

(-i) + (6i) = 5i (-3i) + (3 +5i) = 3+2i

Multiplication of complex numbers
(-4i)³ = 64i (7i)(6i)(-3-5i) = 126 + 210i
Division of complex numbers
-5-i 1 i i 3 2i 3+9i -2-i
-10i 10 2 2-3i 13 13 -6-6i 2 PAGE
23
Short check up w/ answers

PAGE
24
Short check up w/ answers

PAGE
25
 ANSWERS
1- -1- -
i 11i 4/5+7/5i
-6-i 5- 2
5i
-2/5 1/5+13/5
i
1 1/13-
5/13i
PAGE
26
 REAL LIFE
APPLICATION
The relationship between voltage, E
(volts), current, I (amps), and
impedance, Z (ohms), in an
alternating circuit, is given by the
formula E = I • Z. If the circuit has
a current I = 9 + 8i and an
impedance Z = 4 - i, what is the
voltage of this circuit?
Answer: PAGE
27
Now that we're done with the discussion, try solving the word puzzle below in
order to know the applications of complex numbers in real life!

PAGE
28
PAGE
29
 Closing Trivia and Key
takeaways
did you know?
Italian mathematician
Girolamo Cardano (1501–
1576) is generally regarded
as the first person to have
studied imaginary numbers.

PAGE
30
 Closing Trivia and Key
takeaways
KEY TAKEWAYS

• The imaginary unit is defined to be a square root of negative one

• The result of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing complex
numbers is a complex number
• The product of complex conjugates, a+bi and a−bi , is a real number. Use this
fact to divide complex numbers. Multiply the numerator and denominator of
a fraction by the complex conjugate of the denominator and then simplify.
• Ensure that any complex number is written in terms of the imaginary unit i
before performing any operations.
• The powers of i repeat in a definite pattern: (i, -1, -i, 1),
therefore every cycle repeats after four powers

PAGE
31
ROLES
I. Objectives-Charlemaigne
II. 10 item review-Feeohna
III. Main discussion (Complex numbers)
1) Introduction-Shannah
2) The power of i-Charlemaigne
3) Operations-Zara
IV. Real Life connection-Shannah
V. Development of the lesson with examples-Feeohna
VI. Short check up w/ answers-Charlemaigne
VII. Application to Real Life- Zara

VIII. Closing Trivia and Summarization-Charlemaigne and

PAGE
Shannah
32