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1 Properties of Equality PPT Nj4c00

Equations are mathematical statements that two expressions are equal. Properties of equality allow operations to be performed on both sides of an equation while maintaining equality. These properties include reflexive, symmetric, transitive, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division properties. Inequalities follow similar properties as equations but the inequality sign may need to be switched when multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative number. Exponent rules include multiplying exponents, powers of exponents, dividing exponents, exponents of zero, and negative exponents.

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Jezreel Jezz David Baculna
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629 views17 pages

1 Properties of Equality PPT Nj4c00

Equations are mathematical statements that two expressions are equal. Properties of equality allow operations to be performed on both sides of an equation while maintaining equality. These properties include reflexive, symmetric, transitive, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division properties. Inequalities follow similar properties as equations but the inequality sign may need to be switched when multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative number. Exponent rules include multiplying exponents, powers of exponents, dividing exponents, exponents of zero, and negative exponents.

Uploaded by

Jezreel Jezz David Baculna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EQUATIONS & INEQUALITIES

Properties
WHAT ARE EQUATIONS?
 Equations are mathematical sentences that state two
expressions are equal.
 Example: 2x – 5 = 3(x + 4)
WHAT ARE THE PROPERTIES OF
EQUALITY?
 In order to solve  Properties of Equality
equations in, you must  Reflexive property of equality
perform operations that  Symmetric property of equality
maintain equality on  Transitive property of equality

both sides of the  Addition property of equality


 Subtraction property of equality
equation using the
 Multiplication property of equality
properties of equality.
 Division property of equality
 Substitution property of equality
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
Symmetric Property of
Reflexive Property of Equality
Equality

 a=a  If a = b, then b = a.
 A number is equal to  If numbers are equal,
itself. they will still be equal if
 -5 = -5 the order is changed.
 If x = 2, then 2 = x
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
Transitive Property of Equality Addition Property of Equality

 If a = b and b = c, then a = c.  If a = b, then a + c = b + c.


 If numbers are equal to Adding the same number
the same number, then to both sides of an
they are equal to equation does not change
each other. the equality of the
equation.
x=6

x+2=6+2
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
Subtraction Property of Multiplication Property of
Equality Equality
 If a = b, then a − c = b − c.  If a = b and c ≠ 0, then
Subtracting the same a • c = b • c.
number from both sides  Multiplying both sides of
of an equation does not the equation by the same
change the equality of the number, other than 0,
equation. does not change the
x=6
equality of the equation.
x−2=6−2 x=6

x•2=6•2
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
Substitution Property of
Division Property of Equality
Equality

 If a = b and c ≠ 0, then  If a = b, then b may be


a ÷ c = b ÷ c. substituted for a in any
 Dividing both sides of the expression containing a.
equation by the same number,
 If two numbers are equal,
other than 0, does not change
the equality of the equation. then substituting one in
 If x = 6 then for another does not
change the equality of the
x 6 equation.

2 2
PROPERTIES OF OPERATIONS (REVIEW)
Property Rule Example
Commutative property of
a+b=b+a 3+5=5+3
addition
Commutative property of
a•b=b•a 3•5=5•3
multiplication
Associative property of
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) (3 + 5) + 6 = 3 + (5 + 6)
addition
Associative property of
(a • b) • c = a • (b • c) (3 • 5) • 6 = 3 • (5 • 6)
multiplication
Distributive property of
multiplication over a • (b + c) = a • b + a • c 3 • (5 + 6) = 3 • 5 + 3 • 6
addition
WHAT PROPERTY?????

Equation What property ?

3x – 12 = 15 original

3x = 27

x=9
WHAT PROPERTY?????

Equation What property ?

x original
 5  4
2
x
 9
2

x = -18
WHAT ABOUT INEQUALITIES?
Property How it works

If a > b and b > c, then a > c. If 10 > 6 and 6 > 2, then 10 > 2.
If a > b, then b < a. If 10 > 6, then 6 < 10.
If a > b, then –a < – b. If 10 > 6, then –10 < –6.
If a > b, then a ± c > b ± c. If 10 > 6, then 10 ± 2 > 6 ± 2.
If a > b and c > 0, then a • c > b • c. If 10 > 6 and 2 > 0, then 8 • 2 > b • 2.
If 10 > 6 , then 10 • –1 < 6 • –1.
If a > b and c < 0, then a • c < b • c. If you multiply by a negative on both
sides, switch the inequality sign
If a > b and c > 0, then a ÷ c > b ÷ c. If 10 > 6 and 2 > 0, then 8 ÷ 2 > 6 ÷ 2.
If 10 > 6 , then 10 ÷ –1 < 6 ÷ –1.
If a > b and c < 0, then a ÷ c < b ÷ c. If you divide by a negative on both
sides, switch the inequality sign
Laws of Exponents/Review
 Multiplication of Exponents
 Power of Exponents
 Division of Exponents
 Exponents of Zero
 Negative Exponents
Multiplication of Exponents
General Rule:

m n
b b  b
m n

Specific Example:
Power of Exponents
General Rule:

b 
m n
b mn
 bc  n
b c n n

Specific Example:

 4  2 3
4 2
3 3
Division of Exponents
General Rule:
m
b mn
n
b
b
Specific Example:
Exponents of Zero
General Rule:

b 1
0

Specific Example:
Negative Exponents
General Rule:
1 1
b n
 n and n
b n

b b
Specific Example:

and

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