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Prima Number-WPS Office

Primes are natural numbers greater than 1 that are not products of smaller natural numbers. For example, 5 is prime but 4 is composite because it can be written as 2 × 2. There are infinitely many prime numbers and no known formula separates primes from composite numbers. However, the distribution of primes within natural numbers can be statistically modeled, such as with the prime number theorem. Several important unsolved questions about prime numbers, like Goldbach's conjecture, have driven the development of number theory.

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42 views2 pages

Prima Number-WPS Office

Primes are natural numbers greater than 1 that are not products of smaller natural numbers. For example, 5 is prime but 4 is composite because it can be written as 2 × 2. There are infinitely many prime numbers and no known formula separates primes from composite numbers. However, the distribution of primes within natural numbers can be statistically modeled, such as with the prime number theorem. Several important unsolved questions about prime numbers, like Goldbach's conjecture, have driven the development of number theory.

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mika
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Prima Number

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• "Prime" redirects here. For other uses, see Prime (disambiguation).
• A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prim
e because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1, involve 5 itself. However, 4 is composite because it is a product (2 × 2) in which both numbers are smaller than 4. Primes are central in number theory beca
use of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic: every natural number greater than 1 is either a prime itself or can be factorized as a product of primes that is unique up to their order.
• Groups of two to twelve dots, showing that the composite numbers of dots (4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12) can be arranged into rectangles but prime numbers cannot
• Composite numbers can be arranged into rectangles but prime numbers cannot
• The property of being prime is called primality. A simple but slow method of checking the primality of a given number {\displaystyle n}n, called trial division, tests whether {\displaystyle n}n is a multiple of any integer bet
ween 2 and {\displaystyle {\sqrt {n}}}{\sqrt {n}}. Faster algorithms include the Miller–Rabin primality test, which is fast but has a small chance of error, and the AKS primality test, which always produces the correct answer
in polynomial time but is too slow to be practical. Particularly fast methods are available for numbers of special forms, such as Mersenne numbers. As of December 2018 the largest known prime number is a Mersenne pri
me with 24,862,048 decimal digits.[1]
• There are infinitely many primes, as demonstrated by Euclid around 300 BC. No known simple formula separates prime numbers from composite numbers. However, the distribution of primes within the natural numbers i
n the large can be statistically modelled. The first result in that direction is the prime number theorem, proven at the end of the 19th century, which says that the probability of a randomly chosen number being prime is in
versely proportional to its number of digits, that is, to its logarithm.
• Several historical questions regarding prime numbers are still unsolved. These include Goldbach's conjecture, that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes, and the twin prime conjectu
re, that there are infinitely many pairs of primes having just one even number between them. Such questions spurred the development of various branches of number theory, focusing on analytic or algebraic aspects of nu
mbers. Primes are used in several routines in information technology, such as public-key cryptography, which relies on the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors. In abstract algebra, objects that beha
ve in a generalized way like prime numbers include prime elements and prime ideals.
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• Last edited 30 days ago by Anita5192
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