LINEAR EQUATIONS

IN ONE VARIABLE
 
What is linear equation
 
INVERSE METHOD
 

 
  𝑎𝑥=𝑏

Divide both
sides by a

𝑥/𝑎=𝑏

Multiply
both sides
by a
TRANSPOSE METHOD
 

+4 -4

-6 +6

x3 /3

/4 x4
 

Properties
 

Answer:
x=4
(2) 2a-3=5
Solution:
            Step 1: 2a-3=5

      2a=5+3 (transposing 3)   

                     2a=8
              
Step 2: 2a=8

a=8/2 (transposing 2) Answer:

           a=4 a=4
3)  5n/8 = 20

Answer:
n=32
 SOLVING AN EQUATION WITH VARIABLE ON BOTH THE
SIDES 
 
Transpose the terms containing the variable, to one side and the constants to
the other side
E.g.: (1)  Solve 10y-3=7y+9

Solution:

                    Step 1: Transposing 7y to left

10y-3-7y = 9
    
 Step 2: Transposing 3 to right
Answer:
                         10y-7y = 9+3
3y = 12 y=4
    y=4
 (2)  2(x-5)+3(x-2)=8+7(x-4)

     Solution:

                   Step 1: Removing brackets

2x-10+3x-6 = 8+7x-28
5x-16 = 7x-20
  
Step 2: Transposing x-term and constant term 
                     5x-7x = -20+16
-2x = -4
x = -4/-2
Answer:
x=2
x=2
 SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS

1) A number increased by 8 equal 15. Find the number ?

Solution:
            
Let the number be ‘x’
Given the number increased by 8 equal to 15
   x+8=15
 x=15-8
  x=7 the number
which equals
15 if
increased by
8 is 7
2) A number is decreased by 15 and a new number so  obtained is
multiplied by 3, the result is is 81. Find the number!

Solution:      

Let the number be ‘x’

The number decreased by 15 = x-15
The new number (x-15) multiplied by 3 = 3(x-15)
3(x-15)=81
3x-45=81
3x=81+45   =>  3x=126
x=126/3
x=42 Answer:
The number
is 42
2) A man is 26 years older than his son. After 10 years, he will be three times as old
as his son. Find their present ages !

Solution:         
Let the son’s age be ‘x’ years
Then Father’s age= x+26
After 10 years,
Son’s age     = x+10 The present
Father’s age= x+26+10  age of Son is
= x+36
x+36 = 3(x+10) 3 years
x+36 = 3x+30
x-3x  = 30-3
-2x = -6
x = -6/-2 The present
x=3 age of Father
Son’s age = 3 years
Father’s age = 3+26 is 29 years
                    = 29 years
A linear equation in one variable is an equation which can be written in the form:

Linear equations in one variable:

2x + 3 = 11
2(x − 1) = 8
ax + b = c
2x + (− 2) = 8.

can be rewritten x + 5 = − 7. a, b, and c real

numbers with a ≠ 0.
Not linear equations in one variable:
2x + 3y = 11 (x − 1)2 = 8
Two variables x is squared. Variable in the denominator
A solution of a linear equation in one variable is a real number which, when
substituted for the variable in the equation, makes the equation true.

Example: Is 3 a solution of 2x + 3 = 11?

2x + 3 = 11 Original equation
2(3) + 3 = 11 Substitute 3 for x.
6 + 3 = 11 False equation
3 is not a solution of 2x + 3 = 11.

Example: Is 4 a solution of 2x + 3 = 11?

2x + 3 = 11 Original equation
2(4) + 3 = 11 Substitute 4 for x.
8 + 3 = 11 True equation
4 is a solution of 2x + 3 = 11.
 Addition Property of Equations

If a = b, then a + c = b + c and a − c = b − c.

That is, the same number can be added to or subtracted from each side of an equation without
changing the solution of the equation.

Use these properties to solve linear equations.

Example: Solve x − 5 = 12.

x − 5 = 12 Original equation

The solution is preserved when 5 is

x − 5 + 5 = 12 + 5
added to both sides of the equation.

x = 17 17 is the solution.

17 − 5 = 12 Check the answer.

 Multiplication Property of Equations
If a = b and c ≠ 0, then ac = bc and .

That is, an equation can be multiplied or divided by the same nonzero real number without
changing the solution of the equation.

Example: Solve 2x + 7 = 19.

2x + 7 = 19 Original equation
The solution is preserved when 7 is
2x + 7 − 7 = 19 − 7 subtracted from both sides.
2x = 12 Simplify both sides.
The solution is preserved when each side is
multiplied by .

x=6 6 is the solution.

2(6) + 7 = 12 + 7 = 19 Check the answer.

 To solve a linear equation in one variable:
1. Simplify both sides of the equation.
2. Use the addition and subtraction properties to get all variable terms
on the left-hand side and all constant terms on the right-hand side.
3. Simplify both sides of the equation.
4. Divide both sides of the equation by the coefficient of the variable.

Example: Solve x + 1 = 3(x − 5).

x + 1 = 3(x − 5) Original equation
x + 1 = 3x − 15 Simplify right-hand side.
x = 3x − 16 Subtract 1 from both sides.
− 2x = − 16 Subtract 3x from both sides.

x=8 Divide both sides by −2.

The solution is 8.
Check the solution: (8) + 1 = 3((8) − 5) → 9 = 3(3) True
Example: Solve x + 1 = 3(x − 5).

x + 1 = 3(x − 5) Original equation

x + 1 = 3x − 15 Simplify right-hand side.

x = 3x − 16 Subtract 1 from both sides.

− 2x = − 16 Subtract 3x from both sides.
x=8 Divide both sides by −2.

The solution is 8.
Check the solution: True
(8) + 1 = 3((8) − 5) → 9 = 3(3)
Example: Solve 3(x + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(x + 6).

3(x + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(x + 6) Original equation

3x + 15 + 4 = 1 – 2x – 12 Simplify.

3x + 19 = – 2x – 11 Simplify.

3x = – 2x – 30 Subtract 19.

5x = – 30 Add 2x.

x = −6 Divide by 5.
The solution is − 6.
3(– 6 + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(– 6 + 6) Check.

3(– 1) + 4 = 1 – 2(0)

−3 + 4 = 1 True
Equations with fractions can be simplified by multiplying both sides by a common
denominator.

Example: Solve . The lowest common denominator of all fractions in

the equation is 6.

6 6 Multiply by 6.

3x + 4 = 2x + 8 Simplify.
3x = 2x + 4 Subtract 4.
x=4 Subtract 2x.

4 4 Check.

True
Alice has a coin purse containing $5.40 in dimes and quarters. There are 24 coins
all together. How many dimes are in the coin purse?

Let the number of dimes in the coin purse = d.

Then the number of quarters = 24 − d.

10d + 25(24 − d) = 540 Linear equation

10d + 600 − 25d = 540 Simplify left-hand side.

10d − 25d = − 60 Subtract 600.

−15d = − 60 Simplify right-hand side.

d=4 Divide by −15.

There are 4 dimes in Alice’s coin purse.

The sum of three consecutive integers is 54. What are the three integers?

Three consecutive integers can be represented as

n, n + 1, n + 2.

n + (n + 1) + (n + 2) = 54 Linear equation

3n + 3 = 54 Simplify left-hand side.

3n = 51 Subtract 3.

n = 17 Divide by 3.

The three consecutive integers are 17, 18, and 19.

17 + 18 + 19 = 54. Check.
REFERENCES:

What Is A Linear Equation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDOYdBgtnjY

Inverse Method:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MNNWrIO5to&list=PLmdFyQYShrjcm_
sUvHKFnZGUGZ6ZCdvSy

Transpose Method:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQpKKXOSwlc&list=PLmdFyQYShrjcm_
sUvHKFnZGUGZ6ZCdvSy&index=3