Scribd
Upload
69 views

Computer Vision: Presented By: Bikram Neupane (1925101) Sudeep Shrestha (1925111) MSC - Cs III

The document provides an introduction to computer vision and edge detection using the Sobel operator. It discusses that computer vision uses images and deep learning to allow machines to identify and classify objects. It then explains how computer vision works by assembling images like a puzzle through distinguishing image pieces and modeling subcomponents. The document specifically focuses on edge detection using the Sobel operator, describing how it uses convolution masks to detect edges by finding areas of different pixel intensities. It provides examples of applying the Sobel operator to images to highlight edges.

Uploaded by

bikram neupane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
69 views

Computer Vision: Presented By: Bikram Neupane (1925101) Sudeep Shrestha (1925111) MSC - Cs III

The document provides an introduction to computer vision and edge detection using the Sobel operator. It discusses that computer vision uses images and deep learning to allow machines to identify and classify objects. It then explains how computer vision works by assembling images like a puzzle through distinguishing image pieces and modeling subcomponents. The document specifically focuses on edge detection using the Sobel operator, describing how it uses convolution masks to detect edges by finding areas of different pixel intensities. It provides examples of applying the Sobel operator to images to highlight edges.

Uploaded by

bikram neupane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

Computer Vision

Presented By : Bikram Neupane(1925101)


Sudeep Shrestha (1925111)
Msc.Cs III

1
Introduction
 Computer vision is a field of artificial intelligence that trains computers to
interpret and understand the visual world. Using digital images from cameras
and videos and deep learning models, machines can accurately identify and
classify objects — and then react to what they “see.”

 Computer Vision is a field that includes methods for acquiring , Processing ,


Analyzing and Understanding Images

 Image Data can take many Forms , such as a Video Sequence , Depth images ,
Views from Multiple Cameras , Medical Scanner , Satellite Sensors etc

2
3
Computer vision resembles a jigsaw puzzle
 Computers assemble visual images in the same way you might put together a jigsaw puzzle.

 Think about how you approach a jigsaw puzzle. You have all these pieces, and you need to
assemble them into an image. That’s how neural networks for computer vision work. They
distinguish many different pieces of the image, they identify the edges and then model the
subcomponents. Using filtering and a series of actions through deep network layers, they can
piece all the parts of the image together, much like you would with a puzzle.

4
Computer vision in today’s world

 From recognizing faces to processing the live action of a football game,


computer vision rivals and surpasses human visual abilities in many areas.

5
How computer vision works
 Computer vision works in three basic steps:

6
Connections to other disciplines

7
Today’s AI systems can go a step further and take actions based on an understanding of the
image. There are many types of computer vision that are used in different ways:

• Image segmentation partitions an image into multiple regions or pieces to be examined


separately.
• Object detection identifies a specific object in an image. Advanced object detection
recognizes many objects in a single image : a football field, an offensive player, a defensive
player, a ball and so on. These models use an X,Y coordinate to create a bounding box and
identify everything inside the box.
• Facial recognition is an advanced type of object detection that not only recognizes a human
face in an image, but identifies a specific individual.
• Edge detection is a technique used to identify the outside edge of an object or landscape to
better identify what is in the image.
• Pattern detection is a process of recognizing repeated shapes, colours and other visual
indicators in images.
• Image classification groups images into different categories.
• Feature matching is a type of pattern detection that matches similarities in images to help
classify them.
8
9
10
Edge Detection
Edge Detection is when we use matrix math to calculate areas of different
intensities of an image. Areas where there are extreme differences in the
intensities of the pixel usually indicate an edge of an object. After finding all of
the large differences in intensities in a picture, we have discovered all of the
edges in the picture.

For this presentation, we will be discussing Sobel Edge detection operator.

11
Sobel Feldman Edge Detection

 The sobel filter also called as Sobel-Feldman operator is an edge detection


filter, that result in image emphasizing edges.
 Computer vision and image processing application frequently use this filter to
extract image gradients and contours.
 The sobel operator is separable filter that consist of two 3x3 convolution
masks/kernel.
 Sobel mask are with such design that they provide maximum value at
horizontal and vertical edge orientation.

12
How does Sobel filter work?
When using Sobel Edge Detection, the image is processed in the X and Y
directions separately first, and then combined together to form a new
image which represents the sum of the X and Y edges of the image.
When using a Sobel Edge Detector, it is first best to convert the image
from an RGB scale to a Grayscale image. Then from there, we will use
what is called kernel convolution.
When we want to scan across the X direction of an image for example, we
will want to use the following X Direction Kernel to scan for large changes
in the gradient. Similarly, when we want to scan across the Y direction of
an image, we could also use the following Y Direction Kernel to scan for
large gradients as well.

13
By using Kernel Convolution, we can see in the example image below there is an edge
between the column of 100 and 200 values.

This Kernel Convolution is an example of an X Direction Kernel usage. If an image were


scanning from left to write, we can see that if the filter was set at (2,2) in the image
above, it would have a value of 400 and therefore would have a fairly prominent edge at
that point. This makes the gradient of the edge larger and therefore, more noticeable.
Once the image is processed in the X direction, we can then process the image in the Y
direction. Magnitudes of both the X and Y kernels will then be added together to
produce a final image showing all edges in the image. 14
 Suppose we have the image

z1 z2 z3

z4 z5 z6

z7
 Let the selected pixel be Z5 then all remaining pixel are its neighboring pixels. z8 z9

15
  

z1 z2 z3

z4 z5 z6

z7 z8 z9

16
  

z1 z2 z3

z4 z5 z6

z7 z8 z9

17
  

18
19
Before and after Sobel operator : Examples

20
Examples:

21
References :
 Computer Vision, What it is and Why it matters. (Sas.com Link)
 What is Computer Vision and How it Works. (Link)
 How to apply Sobel operator to an image. (Link)
 Implementation of Sobel edge detection. (Link)
 Image filtering and edge detection. (Link)
 How blurs and filters work. (Link)
 Finding the edges (Sobel operator). (Link)

22
THANK YOU

23

You might also like