Adama Science and Technology

University
SoMCME
Department of Design and Manufacturing

Introduction to Mechatronics (MEng4204)

By: Tesfaye Olana (MSc)

(Design of Mechanical Systems, Mechanical Engineer)

[email protected]
2021, Adama
Course Description

This course provides an overview of:

• Mechatronics systems and their applications,
• Dynamic systems,
• Modeling and simulation of dynamic systems,
• Measurement systems, sensors, actuators,
• Introduction to data acquisition software’s and
programming

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Course Objective

At the end of this course, students should

be able to
• design and build computer controlled
electromechanical systems and to succeed as
researcher in next levels of study.

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Course content

1. Introduction
• Definition and application
2. Measurement systems, sensors and actuators
• Sensors and transducers and actuators
3. Dynamic Systems
• Mechanical design, DLS, Modal uncoupling, Forced response
to NHE, beams and bars, Discretization methods, FEM in
Dynamics
4. Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Systems
• Basics of electric circuits, power variables
5. Introduction to software and data acquisition
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Evaluation method

• Mid exam: ……………30%

• Labs…………………..10%
• Quiz: …………………10%
• Project (group): ……....10%
• Final Exam:…………...40%

• Group Assignment (5 in each group)

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References

1. William Bolton, Mechatronics: Electronic Control Systems in

Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, 6th ed, 2015
2. G. Genta, Vibration of structures and machines, Springer, New
York, 1998
3. Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement Systems 3rd ed.,
Histand, M. B., Alciatore, D. G., WCB/McGraw-Hill, Boston,
2007, ISBN: 9780072963052.
4. Robert H. Bishop. Editor-in-chief. “The Mechatronics Handbook”,
CRC Press, with ISA–The Instrumentation, Systems, Automation
Society (50 Chapters), 2002. ISBN: 0-8493-0066-5
5. Karnopp, D., Margolis, D. and Rosenberg, R., System Dynamics:
Modeling and Simulation of Mechatronic Systems, Third Edition,
Wiley Interscience, 2000.

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Chapter 1: Introduction

What is mechatronics?
Definition I:
• The word mechatronics was first coined by Mr. Tetsuro Mori, engineer at
Yaskawa Electric company in 1969, Yasakawa Electric Co., Chiyoda-Ku,
Tokyo

• technologies and developed products will be incorporating electronics

more and more into mechanisms.

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Definition II:

• Mechatronics is interdisciplinary area of engineering that

combines mechanical, electrical and computer science
• Integration of electronics, control engineering, and
mechanical engineering (W.Bolton,).
• Application of complex decision making to the operation
of physical systems. (D.M. Auslander and ..)
• Synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with
electronics and intelligent computer control in the design
and manufacturing of industrial products and processes.
(F. Harshama, M. Tomizuka, and T. Fukuda)

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Definition III:

• Synergistic use of precision engineering, control theory,

computer science, and sensor and actuator technology to
design improved products and processes

• Methodology used for the optimal design of

electromechanical products

• Field of study involving the analysis, design, synthesis,

and selection of systems that combine electronics and
mechanical components with modern controls and
microprocessors.

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Cont.

Mechatronics is:
• the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering,
with electronics and intelligent computer control in the
design and manufacturing of industrial products and
processes
• the application of complex decision making to the
operation of physical systems
• a methodology used for the optimal design of
electromechanical products

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The generic definition
• Mechatronics (combination of mechanical and
electronics) is a term that represents the synergistic
integration of mechanical engineering with electronics
and intelligent computer control in the design and
manufacturing of products and processes.
• Mechatronics basically refers to mechanical electrical
systems and is centered on mechanics, electronics,
computing and control which combined, make possible
the generation of simpler, more economic, reliable and
versatile systems.

The mechatronics field consists of the synergistic

integration of three traditional engineering fields for the
system level design process.
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Cont.

• The mechatronics field is not simply the sum of

these three major areas, but rather the field
defined as the intersection of these areas when
taken in the context of systems design
• It is the current state of evolutionary change of
the engineering fields that deals with the design
of controlled electromechanical systems.
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Historical background

• Mechatronics is a word originated in Japan in 1980s to

denote the combination of technologies which go
together to produce industrial robots.
• Virtually every modern electromechancal systems has an
embedded computer controller. Therefore computer
hardware and software issues (in terms of their
application to the control of electromechanical systems)
are part of the field of mechatronics.
• It is composed of mecha from mechanics and tronics
from electronics.

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Cont.

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Characteristics of Mechatronic systems

Since it is a marriage of electrical and mechanical

systems and is more than just a control system; it is a
complete integration of all of them
• They are generally complex systems with high levels of
integration
• They have more functionality than conventional systems
• Functionality is transferred from the mechanical to the
electronic and software domain
• They are based on the development of some or real time system
architecture, often involving distributed and devolved
intelligence
• Operation at the system level is generally transparent to the user

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Why mechatronics?

Mechatronics system designs can often lead to

• Lower cost of production
• Greater product flexibility
• Lower maintenance cost
• Higher performance and potentially hitherto unrealizable
products and systems.

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What are the knowledge requirements?

• Mechatronics is not a new engineering discipline, but is

rather the current state of the evolutionary process of
engineering disciplines needed in design of
electromechanical systems.
• Engineers faced with the task of developing
mechatronics products must understand the principles of
mechatronic design, which requires multidisciplinary
knowledge.
• Therefore, it is necessary to develop an detach multi and
interdisciplinary courses that provide engineer with
cross-platform skills and expertise to meet the rapidly
changing needs of industry.

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Cont.
Therefore, a mechatronic engineer has a through
knowledge of the following technical subjects:
• Fundamental of mechanical system design and analysis
• Electronic devices, circuits and systems
• Digital systems, computer architecture and computer interface
• Applied control theory
• Robotics (Sensors, actuators, control, vision, AI, etc)
• Integrated mechanical/electrical systems
• Instrumentation and measurements
• Embedded systems,
• Engineering software: C++, Java, Matlab, Labview, etc

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Application of Mechatronics

This revolution will create exciting career

opportunities in:
• Automotive and aerospace industries
• Medicine and biomedical industries
• Robotics and automated manufacturing
• Computer hardware and software industries
• Telecommunication industries

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Transportation applications
• Automobile typical systems
• Brake by wire system
• Steer by wire
• Integrated vehicle dynamics
• Cam less engines
• Integrated starter alternator

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High speed trains

• Train position an velocity constantly monitored from

main command centre
• Error margin in scheduling no more than 30 seconds
• Fastest trains use magnetic levitation

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Medical Applications

• Prosthetics
• Arms, legs, and other body
parts can be replaced with
electromechanical ones

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Sports Applications

• Automatically changes cushioning in shoe for different

running styles and conditions for improved comfort

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Industrial Applications
• Industrial robots are general purpose,
re programmable machines which
respond to the sensory signals
received from the system
environment.
• Based on the these signals, robots
carry out programmed work or
activity.
• They also take simple independent
decisions and communicate/interact
with the other machines and the
central computer

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Other applications

• CNC Machine tool

• Electronic engine management system (ECU)
• It is closed loop control
• Gives better performance with low gas exhaust gas
emissions
• Fuel economy

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Engineering software

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Next class

Chapter 2:
Measurements, Sensors and Actuators

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