EQUATIONS
OF
VARIATIONS
DIRECT
VARIATION
If y varies directly with x,
then y=kx where k is the
constant of variation.
If a varies directly with b
EQUATION:
a=kb
WORKED EXAMPLE 1:
Suppose y varies directly with x and y=12
and x=4. Find the value of y when x=7.
step 2: solve for y. substitute x=7 and k=3
y=kx
y=(3)(7)
y=21
WORKED EXAMPLE 1:
Suppose y varies directly with x and
y=12 and x=4. Find the value of y when
x=7.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
WORKED EXAMPLE 1:
Suppose y varies directly with x and
y=12 and x=4. Find the value of y when
x=7.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
y=kx
12=k(4)
12=4k
3=k
WORKED EXAMPLE 1:
Suppose y varies directly with x and
y=12 and x=4. Find the value of y when
x=7.
STEP 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=7 and
k=3
WORKED EXAMPLE 1:
Suppose y varies directly with x and
y=12 and x=4. Find the value of y when
x=7.
STEP 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=7 and
k=3
y=kx
y=3(7)
y=21
step 2: Solve for q. Substitute p=18 and
k=2
p=k
18=(2)(
18=2
9=
3=q
WORKED EXAMPLE 2:
Suppose p varies directly with square of
q and p=8 and q=2. Find the value of q
when p=18.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
WORKED EXAMPLE 2:
Suppose p varies directly with square of
q and p=8 and q=2. Find the value of q
when p=18.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
p=k
8=k()
8=4k
2=k
WORKED EXAMPLE 2:
Suppose p varies directly with square of
q and p=8 and q=2. Find the value of q
when p=18.
STEP 2: Solve for q. Substitute p=18 and
k=2
p=k
18=2
9=
3=q
Page 10, number 1
If y is directly proportional to x and y=10
when x=2, find the value of y when x=10.
step 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=10
and k=5
y=kx
y=(5)(10)
y=50
ASSIGNMENT
Page 10, number 2
If y is directly proportional to x and y=5 when x=2,
find the value of y when x=7.
STEP 1: solve for y. substitute x=7 and
k=2.5
y=kx
y=(2.5)(7)
y=17.5
Page 10, number 3
Given that y varies directly with x,
complete the table
x 4 5 7 24 28.5
y 8 10 14 48 57
y=kx y=kx y=kx y=kx y=kx
10=k(5) y=2(4) y=(2)(7) 48=2x 57=2x
10=5k y=8 y=14 24=x 28.5=x
2=k
Page 10, number 4
If 𝑝 varies directly the square root 𝑟 and 𝑝=6
when 𝑟=9, find 𝑟 when 𝑝=5.
STEP 2: Solve for r. substitute p=5 and k=2.
p=k
5=2
2.5=
6.25=r
INVERSE
VARIATION
If
y varies inversely with x,
then y= where k is the
constant of variation.
If
g varies inversely with the
square of h.
EQUATION:
g=
WORKED EXAMPLE:
Suppose y varies inversely with x and
y=5 and x=2. Find the value of y when
x=8.
WORKED EXAMPLE:
Suppose y varies inversely with x and
y=5 and x=2. Find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
WORKED EXAMPLE:
Suppose y varies inversely with x and
y=5 and x=2. Find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
y=
WORKED EXAMPLE:
Suppose y varies inversely with x and
y=5 and x=2. Find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
y=
5=
5(2)=k
10=k
WORKED EXAMPLE:
Suppose y varies inversely with x and
y=5 and x=2. Find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=8 and
k=10
y=
y=
y=
WORKED EXAMPLE:
If h varies inversely with the square of t
and h=2 when t=3, find the value of t
when h=6
STEP 1: Solve for k.
WORKED EXAMPLE:
If h varies inversely with the square of t and h=2
when t=3, find the value of t when h=6
STEP 1: Solve for t. Substitute h=6 and k=18.
h=
6=
6
t=
Page 12, number 1
If y is inversely proportional to x and
y=5 when x=2, find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
y=
5=
10=k
Page 12, number 1
If y is inversely proportional to x and
y=5 when x=2, find the value of y when
x=8.
STEP 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=8 and
k=10.
y=
y=
y=
Page 12, number 2
If y is inversely proportional to x and
y=9 when x=2, find the value of y when
x=3.
STEP 1: Solve for k.
y=
9=
18=k
Page 12, number 2
If y is inversely proportional to x and
y=9 when x=2, find the value of y when
x=3.
STEP 2: Solve for y. Substitute x=3 and
k=18.
y=
y=
y=6
Page 12, number 3
Given that y varies inversely
proportional to x, complete the table
x 0.5 1 2 3 5
y 8 4 2 1.33 0.8
y
y
2
y y
y 0.8=
y= 4= 4=k y=1.33 0.8x=4
y=8 4x=4 X=5
X=1
Step 2: Solve for q. Substitute p=48 and k=12
p=
48=
48=12
=
=
q=
JOINT
VARIATION
If z varies directly with x and
y, then z=kxy where k is the
constant of variation.
If a varies directly with b and
c
EQUATION:
a=kbc
pvaries directly with q and
the cube of r.
EQUATION:
p=kq
What is the variation
statement of the equation
p=kba
p varies directly with b and a
WORKED
EXAMPLE:
If z varies directly with x and the square of y
and z=36 when x=2 and y=3, find the value
of z when x=3 and y=5.
Step 1: Solve for k
z=kx
36=k(2)(
36=k(2)(9)
36=18k
2=k
WORKED
EXAMPLE:
If z varies directly with x and the square of y
and z=36 when x=2 and y=3, find the value
of z when x=3 and y=5.
Step 2: Solve for z. Substitute x=3, y=5 and
k=2
z=kx
z=(2)(3)(
z=6(25)
z=150
Page 16, number 2
f varies jointly with d and e. If f=45
when d=15 and e=14, find f when d=21
and e=8.
step 1: Solve for k
f=kde
45=k(15)(14)
45=210k
0.21=k
Page 16, number 2
f varies jointly with d and e. If f=45
when d=15 and e=14, find f when d=21
and e=8.
Step 2: Solve for f. Substitute d=21, e=8
and k=0.21
f=kde
f=(0.21)(21)(8)
f=35.28
Page 16, number 3
If z varies jointly with the square of x and cube of y and z=28 when x=2
and y=3. Find the value of x when z=100 and y=2.
Step 1: Solve for k.
z=k
28=k(
28=k(4)(27)
28=108k
0.26=k
Page 16, number 3
If z varies jointly with the square of x and cube of y and z=28 when x=2 and y=3. Find the value of x
when z=100 and y=2.
Step 2: Solve for x. Substitute z=100, y=2 and
k=0.26
z=k
100=(0.26)()(
100=(0.26)()(8)
100=2.08
48.08=
COMBINED
VARIATION
If
z varies directly with x and
inversely with y, then z=
where k is the constant of
variation.
If
a varies directly with b and
inversely with c
EQUATION:
a=
If
x varies directly with the
square of b and inversely with
cube of c
EQUATION:
x=
hvaries directly with the
square of g and inversely with
the cube of f
EQUATION:
h=
Whatis the variation
statement of the equation
r=
r varies directly with the square
of p and inversely with q
What is the variation
statement of the equation
a=
a varies directly with the
square of b and inversely with
c
WORKED
If p variesEXAMPLE:
directly with r and inversely with q and p=4 when
r=2 and y=3, find r when p=10 and q=8.
Step 1: Solve for k
p=
4=
12= 2k
6=k
WORKED
If p variesEXAMPLE:
directly with r and inversely with q and p=4 when
r=2 and y=3, find r when p=10 and q=8.
Step 2: Solve for r. Substitute p=10,
q=8 and k=6
p=
10=
80=6r
13.3=r
Page 16, number 4
if p varies directly with the square of q and inversely with r
and p= when q=2 and r=16, find the value of r when p=6
and q=3.
Step 1: Solve for k
p=
16= 2(k)(4)
16=8k
2=k
Step
2: solve for r. Substitute p=6, q=3 and
k=2.
p=
6=
6=
6=
6r=18
r=3
xvaries directly with the
square root of a and inversely
with the square of b
EQUATION:
x=
