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Communication GRP WRK

This document discusses interpersonal communication. It defines interpersonal communication as the verbal and non-verbal interaction between individuals. The document outlines the communication process and different types of communication such as verbal, non-verbal, written, and visual. It also discusses interpersonal communication skills like listening, verbal communication, and assertiveness. Principles of effective interpersonal communication include choice of words, clarity of purpose, selecting the right medium, obtaining feedback, and managing barriers.

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Malick Sanyang
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60 views28 pages

Communication GRP WRK

This document discusses interpersonal communication. It defines interpersonal communication as the verbal and non-verbal interaction between individuals. The document outlines the communication process and different types of communication such as verbal, non-verbal, written, and visual. It also discusses interpersonal communication skills like listening, verbal communication, and assertiveness. Principles of effective interpersonal communication include choice of words, clarity of purpose, selecting the right medium, obtaining feedback, and managing barriers.

Uploaded by

Malick Sanyang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERPERSONAL

COMMUNICATION
American International University West Africa
(AIUWA)
By: Malick Sanyang & Mamadou J Jallow
15/07/2021
OUTLINE
• Communication
• Major Goals Of Communication
• Communication Process
• Verbal Communication
• Classification Of Organisational Communication
• Interpersonal Communication
• Interpersonal Communication
Skills
• Principles Of Effective Communication
• Reference
COMMUNICATION
• ‘‘communication is the transmission of information and
meaning from one individual or group to another’’
(Mary Ellen Guffey )
• Communication is a process of transmitting thought,
ideas, attitudes and feelings from one person to another
• Communication is a two-way process and is not
complete without a feedback. Feedback ensures that
communication is more effective because it confirms
receipt and adequate understanding of the intended
message.
MAJOR GOALS OF COMMUNICATION

 facilitate recipient’s level of understanding


 elicit receiver’s response
 create good relations
 create organisational goodwill
 Inform
 entertain
COMMUNICATION PROCESS

Communication has been described as a 6 stage


process;
1. conception
2. Encoding
3. channel selection
4. Decoding
5. Interpretation
6. feedback.
COMMUNICATION PROCESS

1. Conception:
The process starts with the conception of the
message which may be involuntary and
instantaneous

2. Encoding the message :


At this stage, the sender is required to put the
idea or information conceived into the most
suitable and appropriate form
COMMUNICATION PROCESS

3. Selection of a suitable channel:


At this stage, the actual process of transforming the
message from sender to receiver takes place. Factors to be
considered in deciding on a suitable channel include speed,
cost, convenience, confidentiality, distance considerations as
well as the nature and type of message.

4. Decoding the message


This is the level of converting the received code into
understandable language. The converted code must
correspond with the code used by the sender
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
5. Interpreting the message
This is level of assigning meaning to the code of
the message received.
6.Feedback
Feedback is the element of the process in which
the response of the receiver is conveyed to the
sender
MEDIA OF COMMUNICATION
• A medium of communication refers to the
means or methods by which one intends to
get a message across to the intended
recipient.
1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION
2. NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
3. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
4. VISUAL COMMUNICATION
VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• also referred to as oral communication


• This is the type of communication that
involves the use of spoken words
• in this instance, information is transmitted
by word of mouth
Eg.
Meetings, interview, telephone
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• Non-verbal communication involves the


transfer of information form a transmitter to a
receiver through the use of body language,
facial expressions, symbols, dress and pictures
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

• Written communication is a form of


communication in which the information to
be transmitted is documented. It includes
letters, memoranda, fax transmission,
electronic mails, and organisational
periodicals.
VISUAL COMMUNICATION

• visual communication refers to the transfer


of information through diagrams, display
boards, flip charts and other forms of visual
aids.
• Visual aids exploit sight, which assists the
human memory and thereby stimulates a
person’s level of understanding.
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
• Communication in well-developed
organisations, may be formal or informal .
FORMAL COMMUNICATION

Formal communication, in the organisation setting, are the


types of communication which pass through the official channels
in the organisation i.e
• Briefings
• Memoranda
• Reports
• Letters
• Newsletter
• Query
• SOPs
• etc
INFORMAL COMMUNICATION

• When communicating is done in organisations


informally, even when it is official.
• information is passed on by word of mouth
among interested colleagues who have
received it from various sources
• Types of informal communications
– Grapvine
– Rumours
INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

• Interpersonal communication Refers to the


verbal and non-verbal interaction in a one-
on-one or small-group setting
• Interpersonal communication is  the
 process  by  which people exchange
 information through verbal and  non-
verbal messages.
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
SKILLS

• Listening Skills
• Communication Skills
• Verbal Communication
• Assertiveness
• Non-Verbal Communication
LISTENING SKILL

• listening is more important than just verbal
communication.
• Listening is not the same as hearing. 
• Listening means paying attention not only to the story, but h
ow it is told, 
the use of language and voice, and how the other person us
es 
• his or her body to communicate.
• Listening  requires you  to concentrate and use  your other 
senses  in addition to simply hearing  the words spoken.
PRINCIPLES OF LISTENING

• Stop Talking
• Prepare Yourself to Listen
• Put the Speaker at Ease
• Remove Distractions
• Empathise
• Be Patient
• Listen to the Tone
• Listen for Ideas – Not Just Words
• Watch for Non-Verbal Communication
COMMUNICATION SKILL

• Communication is not just about what is
 actually saidand  the language used  but how 
it is said and the nonverbal messages sent 
through tone of voice,  facial  expessions,
 gestures and body language.
• Interpersonal communication is face to face.
• People receive message even when 
communication is not taking place. This is called
 non verbal behaviour.
VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• The first few minutes are extremely important as 
first 
• impressions have a significant impact on the
 success of further communication.
• Everyone has some expectation that how
 things  to take place.
• If interpersonal expectation is mismatched, 
communication will not be effective nor
 run smooth.
• The use of encouraging words alongside non-
verbal gestures such as 
head nods, a warm facial expression and maintaining
 eye contact, are more likely to reinforce openness in 
others. 
• The use of encouragement and positive reinforceme
nt can: Encourage others to participate in discussion ,
Signify interest in what other people have to say,
Pave the way for development and/or maintenance o
f a relationship and Show warmth and openness.
ASSERTIVENESS

• Assertiveness means standing up for your
 personal rights in expressing thoughts, feelings a
nd beliefs in direct, honest and appropriate ways.
• Assertiveness is misunderstood as aggressivenes
s
• Being assertive means we should also respect th
e thoughts, feelings and beliefs of other people.
• Assertiveness aims to be neither passive nor 
aggressive.
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

• Choice of words
• Clarity of purpose
• Clarity of purpose
• Selection of suitable media
• Appropriate timing of the communication
• Obtaining feedback
• Standards
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
• Unclear aim or objective
• Choice of wrong medium
• Wrong timing
• Wrong choice of words
• Meaning of words
• Environmental factors
• Capability of the recipient
• Pre-judgement
• Relationships
• Information overload
• Information under-load
• Distractions/Noise
• Emotions
• Poor retention
reference
1. Ajayi, Wale and Idakwo, V (2006):
Communication in English, Ilaro: Marvel
Books
2. Erasmus-Kritzinger, L E., Bowler, A and
Goliath, D (2001): Effective Communication,
Western Cape: Afritech

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