A Carnot refrigerator operates in a room in

which the temperature is 25 C and

consumes 2 kW of power when operating. If
the food compartment of the refrigerator is to
be maintained at 3 C, determine the rate of
heat removal from the food compartment

A. 1504.8 kJ/min
B. 1625 kJ/min
C. 12.86 kJ/min
D. 9.57 kJ/min
A household refrigerator with EER 8.0
removes heat from the refrigerated
space at a rate of 90 kJ/min. Determine
the rate of heat transfer to the kitchen
air.
A. 101.25 kJ/min
B. 128.46 kJ/min
C. 63.05 kJ/min
D. 80 kJ/min
An air-conditioning system is used to maintain a
house at 75 F when the temperature outside is 95
F. The house is gaining heat through the walls and
windows at a rate of 1250 BTU/min, and the heat
generation rate within the house from people,
lights, and appliances amounts to 350 BTU/min.
Determine the minimum power input required for
this air-conditioning system

A. 10.06 hp
B. 1.41 hp
C. 1.36 hp
D. 7.94 hp
A refrigeration system is to cool bread
loaves with an average mass of 450 g from
22 C to – 10 C at a rate of 500 loaves per
hour by refrigerated air. Taking the average
specific and latent heats of bread to be 2.93
kJ/kg-C and 109.3 kJ/kg, respectively,
determine the product load.

A. 541.7 kJ/min
B. 761.5 kJ/min
C. 351.6 kJ/min
D. 409.9 kJ/min
A house that was heated by electric
resistance heaters consumed 1200 kWh of
electric energy in a winter month. If the
house were heated instead by a heat pump
that has an average performance factor, PF
of 2.4, determine how much money the
homeowner would be saved that month.
Assume price of 0.085$/kWh for electricity.
A. $42.5
B. $102
C. $59.50
D. $97.75
An ammonia simple saturation cycle operates with
a suction pressure of 291.6 kPa and a condenser
pressure of 1204 kPa develops 15 tons of
refrigeration. Determine the theoretical horsepower
of the compressor. The following enthalpies have
been found; condenser entrance = 1653 kJ/kg,;
exit = 346.6 kJ/kg; compressor entrance = 1450.2
kJ/kg, exit = 1653 kJ/kg

A. 7.23 hp
B. 15 hp
C. 13 hp
D. 8.23 hp
An ammonia ice plant operates between a
condenser temperature of 35 C and evaporator of
-15 C. It produces 10 metric tons of ice per day
from water at 30 C to ice at -5 C. Assuming simple
saturation cycle, determine the horsepower of the
motor if the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor
nc = 0.85 and mechanical efficiency nm = 0.95.
The specific heat of ice is 2.094 kJ/kg-C and the
latent heat is 335 kJ/kg
A. 17.68 hp
B. 15.5 hp
C. 18.61 hp
D. 21.9 hp
A Freon 22 air conditioning under standard
operating conditions of 35 C condensing and 5 C
evaporating temperatures. The volume flow rate
entering the compressor is 23.72 L/s. Determine
the refrigerating capacity if the refrigerating effect
is 164 kJ/kg. From the table for R22 the specific
volume at the compressor entrance is 40.36 L/kg.

A. 339.3 TR
B. 96.4 TR
C. 79.3 TR
D. 27.4 TR
The refrigerant volume flow rate at the
entrance of compressor were obtained from
a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15 cm
x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia
refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s. Determine
the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

A. 77.65%
B. 97.6%
C. 87.6%
D. 65.65%
A vapor compression refrigeration system
designed to have 80 tons refrigerating of
refrigeration. Its actual COP is 4 and 30
percent of the power supplied to the
compressor is lost in the form of friction and
cylinder losses. Determine condenser
cooling water required for a temperature rise
of 10 C.
A. 5.63 kg/s
B. 4.47 kg/s
C. 7.82 kg/s
D. 9.0 kg/s
A twin cylinder ammonia compressor with volume
displacement of 14,726 cm3 operates at 300 rpm.
Condenser and evaporator pressure are 1200 kPa
and 227 kPa respectively. Specific volume of
refrigerant at the entrance of compressor is 528.26
L/kg. Compression process is polytropic with n =
1.20 and clearance factor of compressor is 2
percent. Determine horsepower required.

A. 60 hp
B. 80 hp
C. 70 hp
D. 90 hp
A reversed Carnot cycle has a
refrigerating COP of 2.5 Determine the
ratio TH/TL?

A. 1.4
B. 1.25
C. 1.5
D. 1.2
Three thousand cubic feet per minute of air
circulated over an air-cooled condenser. If
the load on the condenser is 64,800 BTU/hr,
compute the temperature rise of the air
passing over the condenser. Specific volume
of standard air (13.34 ft3/lb).

A. 10 F
B. 20 F
C. 15 F
D. 25 F
Saturated vapor ammonia at -16 C (h1= 1442.60 kJ/kg)
leaves the evaporator and enters the compressor at -6 C
(h1= 1465 kJ/kg). The refrigerant leaves the condenser as
saturated liquid at 40 C (h4 = 390.6 kJ/kg) and enter the
expansion valve at 35 C (h5= 366.1 kJ/kg). Heat rejected
from the condenser amount to 50 kW. The work to
compressor is 208 kJ/kg, while the heat loss from
compressor is 33 kJ/kg. if 95 kJ/kg of heat are lost in the
piping between the compressor discharge and condenser
inlet, determine the refrigerating capacity of the system.
A. 49.5 TR
B. 12.88 TR
C. 46.61 TR
D. 13.24 TR
In an actual refrigeration cycle using R12 as
working fluid, the refrigerant flow rate is 0.05 kg/s.
Vapor enters the expansion valve at 1.15 MPa, 40
C (h = 238.5 kJ/kg) and leaves the evaporator at
175 kPa, -15 C (h =345 kJ/kg). The electric input to
motor driving the compressor is measured and
found 3.0 kW. Motor efficiency at this load is 92
percent and mechanical efficiency 82%. Determine
the actual coefficient of performance for this cycle.
A. 1.58
B. 1.78
C. 2.36
D. 1.34
In an ammonia refrigeration system the
temperature in the evaporator is -12 C and the
ammonia at the evaporator entry is 0.1511 dry
while at exit is 0.95 dry. If the rate of ammonia
circulation is 5.64 kg/min, determine the
refrigerating capacity of the system. Enthalpy of
saturated liquid and vapor at -12 C is 144.929
kJ/kg and 1447.74 kJ/kg respectively.
A. 17.82 TR
B. 27.82 TR
C. 34.82 TR
D. 4.82 TR
A two stage cascade vapor compression
refrigeration system uses ammonia in the low-
temperature loop and R-12 in the high temperature
loop. The ammonia provides 15 tons cooling. If the
high loop temperature requires 10.12 kW
compressor power and low-loop 15.93 kW,
determine the COP of the system.

A. 2.027
B. 3.314 TR
C. 5.22 TR
D. 9.1 TR
It is desired to double the COP of a
reversed Carnot engine for cooling
from 5.0 by raising the temperature of
heat addition while keeping the
temperature of heat rejection constant.
By what percentage must the
temperature of heat addition be raised?
A. 10.1 %
B. 8.1 %
C. 9.1 %
D. 7.1 %
A single acting compressor has a volumetric
efficiency of 87%, operated at 500 rpm. It
takes in ammonia at 277 kpa and
discharges it at 1204 kPa. The ammonia
handled is 4.13 m3/min measured at the
discharge condition. If the compression is
polytropic with n = 1.20, determine the
piston displacement per stroke.
A. 0.0095 m3
B. 16.59 m3
C. 19.7 m3
D. .03814 m3
An ammonia water cooled compressor
receives the refrigerant at specific volume
62 L/kg. It has a piston displacement rate of
5 m3/min. if squirrel cage motor running at
1200 rpm drives the compressor an average
piston speed is 490 m/min, calculate size of
cylinder bore.
A. 20.4 cm
B. 16.13 cm
C. 26.0 cm
D. 13.6 cm
A small pump serving as model, when tested in
laboratory using water at 3600 rpm, delivered 3.0
cfs at a head of 125 ft. If efficiency of this model
pump is 84%. Predict the horsepower input to the
prototype pump if it is to develop the same head
as model pump and the model pump has a scale
ratio of 1:10. Assume the efficiency of the
prototype pump is 90%.

A. 50.6 hp
B. 3740 hp
C. 4730 hp
D. 60.5 hp
Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP)
has a capacity of 10,500 gpm while
developing a head of 60 ft at a rotative
speed of 1450 rpm. What is the specific
speed of the pump?

A. 2760
B. 2476
C. 1450
D. 6892
A pump will be installed below the reservoir water
surface with a required net positive suction head
(NPSHR) of 50 ft. The barometric pressure is 14.3
psia, and the vapor pressure is 0.5 psia. Assume
friction losses in the intake piping are 5 ft. Find the
maximum allowable elevation of the pump relative
to the water surface intake to avoid cavitation.
A. 45 ft
B. 18.2 ft
C. 55 ft
D. 23.2 ft
Centrifugal pump at best efficiency
point (BEP). Assume the pump
characteristic are head h = 7m, flow
rate Q = 19 L/s. and rotative speed n =
1170 rpm. Find the specific speed in SI
units.
A. 0.4
B. 10.41
C. 0.71
D. 3.94
A 15 in. diameter fan operates at 1600
rpm capacity and develops a head of 6
in. of water and delivers 120 cfm. What
volumetric for geometrically similar fan
that will develop 6 in. of water at 1300
rpm?
A. 147.70 cfm
B. 97.5 cfm
C. 181.8 cfm
D. 79.2 cfm
A radial-flow pump operating at
maximum efficiency at a specific speed
of 2500 is to deliver 260 gpm against a
head of 129 ft at a rotative speed of
2100 rpm. Find the required number of
stages (i.e., impellers)
A. 2 stages
B. 4 stages
C. 3 stages
D. 5 stages
How many identical turbines, operating
at 139.0 rpm and 91% efficiency
(specific speed = 5.4), are needed to
exploit a head of 1200 ft and a flow of
1660 ft3/s.
A. 2 turbines
B. 4 turbines
C. 3 turbines
D. 5 turbines
How many poles should 60-Hz
generator have, if it is connected to
turbine operating under a design head
of 3000 ft with a flow 82 cfs? Assume
turbine specific speed and efficiency 3
and 84 percent respectively.
A. 10-pole
B. 14-pole
C. 12-pole
D. 16-pole
It is proposed to build a dam in a river
where the flow rate is 10 m3/s and a 32-
m drop in elevation can be achieved for
flow through a turbine. If the turbine is
82 percent efficient, what maximum
power that can be achieved? Specific
gravity or river water is 0.998.
A. 2570 kW
B. 3820 kW
C. 3133 kW
D. 262 kW
What type of turbine delivers 25,000
bhp at 500 rpm under a net head of
5350 ft.

A. Impulse turbine
B. Kaplan turbine
C. Francis turbine
D. Propeller turbine
A 26-hp pump delivers 475 gpm of 280
F (γ = 42.5 lb/ft3) at 20 C with 78%
efficiency. What pressure rise result
across the pump?

A. 30.2 psi
B. 120.3 psi
C. 32.7 psi
D. 73.2 psi
A model pump delivering water at 180 F (γ =
60.6 lb/ft3, ρvapor = 7.54 psia) at 900 gpm and
2500 rpm begins to cavitate when the inlet
pressure and velocity are 13 psia and 22
fps. Find the required NPSH of a prototype
which is 4 times larger and runs at 1100
rpm.
A. 63.5 ft
B. 6.61 ft
C. 20.49 ft
D. 36 ft
The diameter of the discharge pipe is 8 in.
and that of the intake pipe is 10 in. the
pressure gage at discharge reads 32 psi,
and vacuum gage at the intake reads 12 in
Hg. If the discharge flow rate = 4.0 ft3/s of
water and the brake horsepower is 49.0, find
the efficiency. The intake and discharge are
at the same elevation.
A. 82.1 %
B. 55.8%
C. 80.9 %
D. 58.46 %
A piston positive displacement pump
(PDP) has 6 in diameter and 2.5 in
stroke. Its crankshaft rotates at 300
rpm. Calculate its output at 94 percent
volumetric efficiency.
A. 12.27 cfm
B. 10 cfm
C. 13.5 cfm
D. 11.53 cfm
A centrifugal pump (efficiency 88%) lifts
water through a total height of 40 m
from reservoir to discharge. Pumping is
through 300 m of 75 mm diameter pipe
at the rate of 20 L/s/ if pipe friction
factor, f = 0.025, what horsepower is
required?
A. 28.4 kW
B. 25 kW
C. 32.2 kW
D. 9 kW
In order to predict the behavior of a small oil pump, tests
are to be made on a model using air. The oil pump is to be
driven by a 1/20-hp motor at 1800 rpm and a ¼ - hp motor
is available to drive the air pump at 600 rpm. Using specific
gravity of oil at 0.912 and density of air constant at 0.076
lb/ft3, what size model should be built?
A. the model should be 2 times as large as the
oil pump.
B. the model should be 5 times as large as the
oil pump.
C. the model should be 8 times as large as the
oil pump.
D. the model should be 10 times as large as the
oil pump.
A double-overhung impulse-turbine
installation s to develop 20,000 hp at
275 rpm under a net head of 110 ft.
Determine the specific speed.

A. 4.34
B. 203.61
C. 6.14
D. 144
What is the power ratio of a pump and
its 1/5 scale model if the ration of
heads is 4 to 1?

A. 20
B. 12.5
C. 200
D. 125
The speed of a centrifugal pump is
doubled. By what factor does the pump
head change?

A. 0.125
B. 4
C. 0.25
D. 8
Determine the temperature for which a
thermometer with degrees Fahrenheit
is numerically twice the reading of the
temperature in degrees Celsius.

A. -24.6
B. 320
C. 160
D. -12.3
During takeoff in a spaceship, an
astronaut is subjected to acceleration
equal to 5 times the pull of the earth’s
standard gravity. If the astronaut is 180
lbm and the takeoff is vertical, what
force does he exert on the seat?
A. 4810.9 N
B. 4414.5 N
C. 8829 N
D. 9620 N
A pressure cooker operates by cooking food at a higher
pressure and temperature than is possible at atmospheric
conditions. Steam is contained in the sealed pot, with vent
hole in the middle of the cover, allowing steam to escape.
The pressure is regulated by covering the vent hole with a
small weight, which is displaced slightly by escaping steam.
Atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the vent hole area is 7-
mm2, and the pressure inside should be 250 kPa. What is
the mass of the weight?

A. 0.107 kg
B. 1.05 kg
C. 1.75 kg
D. 0.1783 kg
A barometer can be used to measure an airplane’s
altitude by comparing the barometric pressure at a
given flying altitude to that on the ground.
Determine an airplanes altitude if the pilot
measures the barometric pressure at 700 mm-Hg,
the ground reports it at 758 mm-Hg, and the
average air density is 119 kg/m3. g = 9.8m/s2.

A. 987 m
B. 633 m
C. 788 m
D. 663 m
A mixture of 0.4 lbm­ of helium and 0.2
lbm of oxygen is compressed
polytropically from 14.7 psia and 60 F
to 60 psia according to n = 1.4.
Determine the Polytropic work.
A. 139 Btu
B. 239 Btu
C. 339 Btu
D. 539 Btu
A pump in a municipality’s water-supply system receives
water from the filtration beds and pumps it up to the top of
a water tower. The tower’s height is 35 m, and the inlet
piping to the pump is 2 m below the pump’s intake. The
water temperature is 20 C, measured at both the inlet and
the discharge from the pump. The mass flow rate through
the pump is 100 kg/s, the diameter of the inlet piping is 25
cm, and the diameter of the discharge piping is 15 cm.
Determine the power required by the pump.

A. 77.3 kW
B. 33.77 kW
C. 34.42 kW
D. 42.34 kW
A turbine receives 150 lbm/s of air at 63
psia and 2450 R and expands it
polytropically to 14.7 psia. The
exponent n is equal to 1.45 for the
process. Determine the power.
A. 52,343.16 BTU/sec
B. 52,343.16 kW
C. 52,343.16 hp
D. 52,343.16 ft-lb/sec
An adiabatic tank containing air is used to
power an air turbine during times of peak
power demand. The tank has a volume of
500 m3 and contains air at 1000 kPa and
500 K. Determine the mass remaining when
the pressure reaches 100 kPa.

A. 276.37 kg
B. 672.73 kg
C. 772.73 kg
D. 227.73 kg
An adiabatic tank containing air is used
to power an air turbine during times of
peak power demand. The tank has a
volume of 500 m3 and contains air at
1000 kPa and 500 K.The temperature
at this instant.
A. -14.03 C
B. 14.03 K
C. 14.03 F
D. 14.03 R
An Otto cycle operates on 0.1 lb/s of air from
13 psia and 130 F at the beginning of
compression. The temperature at the end of
combustion is 5000 R; compression ratio is
5.5; hot-air standard, k = 1.3. Find the
horsepower of the engine.

A. 51.99 hp
B. 53.1 hp
C. 54.1 hp
D. 55.1 hp
Determine the air-fuel ratio on a molar
basis for the complete combustion of
octane, with theoretical amount of air.

A. 59.5 kg-air/kg-fuel
B. 95.5 kg-air/kg-fuel
C. 69.5 kg-air/kg-fuel
D. 49.5 kg-air/kg-fuel
During a steady state operation, a gearbox receives 60 kW
through the input shaft and delivers power through the
output shaft. For the gearbox as the system, the rate of
energy transfer is by convection, h = 0.171 kW/m2-K is the
heat transfer coefficient, A = 1.0 m2 is the outer surface
area of the gearbox, Tb = 300 K (27 C) is the temperature
at the outer surface, Tr = 293 K (20 C) is the temperature of
the surroundings away from the immediate vicinity of the
gearbox. Determine the power delivered to the output shaft
in kW if the heat transfer rate is -1.2 kW.
A. 98.8 kW
B. 78.8 kW
C. 68.8 kW
D. 58.8 kW
A single acting air compressor with a clearance of
6% takes in air at atmospheric pressure and
temperature of 85 F, and discharges it at a
pressure of 85 psia. The air handled is 0.25
ft3/cycle measured at discharge pressure. If the
compression is isentropic, find the piston
displacement per cycle, if the compressor is
running at 750 rpm.

A. 0 .0750 ft3/cycle
B. 0.025 ft3/cycle
C. 1.030 ft3/cycle
D. 1.090 ft3/cycle
A single acting air compressor with a
clearance of 6% takes in air at atmospheric
pressure and temperature of 85 F, and
discharges it at a pressure of 85 psia. The
air handled is 0.25 ft3/cycle measured at
discharge pressure. If the compression is
isentropic, find the air hp of the compressor
if rpm is 750.
A. 16 hp
B. 96 hp
C. 69 hp
D. 61 hp
A nozzle receives 0.5 kg/s of air at a
pressure of 2700 kPa and a velocity of
30 m/s and with an enthalpy of 923
kJ/kg, and the air leaves at a pressure
of 700 kPa and with an enthalpy of 660
kJ/kg. Determine the exit velocity from
the nozzle.
A. 923 m/s
B. 700 m/s
C. 726 m/s
D. 660 m/s
A 3.0 liter, 5-cylinder, 4-stroke cycle SI engine, with a
volumetric efficiency of 82%, operates at 300 rpm using
gasoline with a ʎ = 0.91. Bore and stroke are related as S =
1.08B. At a certain point in the engine cycle, the gas
temperature in the combustion chamber is Tg = 2100 C
while the cylinder wall temperature is Tw = 190 C. Viscosity,
and a thermal conductivity of gases (air at 1145 C) Vg =
5.21 x 10-5 k/m-sec, kg = 0.090 W/m-K are respectively.
Convective heat transfer coefficient of c1 = 0.035 and c2 =
0.08. Calculate the approximate convection heat transfer
rate to the cylinder wall at this instant.
A. 54.32 kW/m2
B. 32.54 kW/m2
C. 35.42 kW/m2
D. 45.44 kW/m2
A two-stage, double-acting compressor is to
deliver 90 lb/min of air from 14.3 psia and 90F to a
final pressure of 185 psia. The normal barometer
is 29.8 in-Hg and the temperature is 80 F. The
pressure drop in the intercooler is 3 psi and the
speed is 210 rpm and pV1.34 = C during
compression and expansion. The clearance is 5%
for both cylinders. The temperature of the cooling
water increase by 18 F. Find the volume of free air.
A. 1282 CFM
B. 1230 CFM
C. 1320 CFM
D. 1822 CFM
How many hours would it take to boil
down 1.2 kg of water in a kettle if a
constant supply of heat at 1.25 kW is
supplied to the kettle?

A. 36 hrs
B. 52 hrs
C. 18 hrs
D. 0.6 hrs
A power plant has a steam operating header
pressure of 150 psig dry and saturated with engine
and exhaust at atmospheric pressure. Initial feed-
water temperature is 65 F. What will be the fuel
saving in percent if a feed-water heater is installed
using exhaust steam and heating the water to 205
F? Enthalpy of steam at header h = 1195.6 BTU/lb.

A. 15.12%
B. 12.04%
C. 12.15%
D. 21.21%
Consider 4800 lb of steam per hour
flowing through a pipe at 100 psia
pressure. Assume a velocity of 5280
ft/min. What size of pipe is required?
Specific volume of steam at 100 psia v
= 4.432 ft3/lb.
A. 3 in
B. 5 in
C. 4 in
D. 6 in
A boiler plant generates 225,000 lb of steam
and burns 13.9 tons of coal per hour. The
coal has a heating value of 11,400 BTU/lb. A
test f the particulates leaving the boiler
shows that 3804 lb of particulate is being
discharged per hour. What is the particulate
discharged per million BTU heat input to the
furnace?
A. 12 lb/106 Btu
B. 14 lb/106 Btu
C. 15 lb/106 Btu
D. 16 lb/106 Btu
A reciprocating compressor handles
1,400 cfm of air measured at intake
where p1 = 18 psia and t1 = 90F. The
discharge pressure is 92 psia.
Calculate the work if the process of the
compression is isothermal.
A. -180.5 hp
B. -179.5 hp
C. -227.6 hp
D. -228.6 hp
The fuel oil has the ff. analysis: C =
89% ,N2 = 2% ,H2 = 8% ,S = 1% with
3% excess air, what is the actual
amount of air needed to burn the fuel
oil?
A. 13.17 kg.air/kg.fuel
B. 13.47 kg.air/kg.fuel
C. 14.47 kg.air/kg.fuel
D. 14.17 kg.air/kg.fuel
A pump discharges 550 gpm of water
to a height of 35 ft. With an efficiency of
80%, what is the power input?

A. 6.09 hp
B. 6.32 hp
C. 4.74 hp
D. 4.94 hp
A room contains air at 20 C and 96 kPa
at relative humidity of 75%. Determine
the enthalpy of moist air where: (Psat
@ 20 C = 2.339 kPa) (hg @ 20 C =
2538.1 kJ.kgda)

A. 45.919 kJ/kgda
B. 45.515 kJ/kgda
C. 49.515 kJ/kgda
D. 41.815 kJ/kgda
A piston moves inside a cylinder at a velocity
of 6.0 m/s. The 160 mm. diameter piton is
centrally located within the 160.2 mm. inside
diameter cylinder. The film of oil is
separating the piston from the cylinder has
an absolute viscosity of 0.4 N-s/m2.
Assuming a linear velocity profile, in the
shear stress in the oil. (T = p(v/H)).
A. 50,000 N/m2
B. 40,000 N/m2
C. 24,000 N/m2
D. 34,000 N/m2
A centrifugal pump with a 3 ft. impeller
diameter operates at 800 rpm. If the
speed is to be increased to 1200 rpm,
determine the impeller diameter that
should be used so that the same shaft
input power would be required.
A. 5.32 ft
B. 2.35 ft
C. 5.23 ft
D. 2.93 ft
Determine the mass of mass of water
vapor contained in a 150 m3 room at
100 kPa, 23 C and 40% relative
humidity. From Steam Tables: Psat @
23 C = 2.810 kPa.
A. 1.6342 kg
B. 1.2342 kg
C. 1.9342 kg
D. 2.2342 kg
What is the power of the pump, HP, if it
delivers 925 gal/min of water against a
head of 15 m?

A. P = 15.38 HP
B. P = 10.5 HP
C. P = 16.38 HP
D. P = 11.5 HP
Kerosene is pumped into an aircraft
fuel tank through a hose that has an
inside diameter of 4 cm. If the velocity
of the kerosene is 8 m/s through the
hose, determine the mass flow rate.
Assume that kerosene has a density of
800 kg/m3.
A. 7.06 kg/s
B. 8.06 kg/s
C. 7.56 kg/s
D. 8.56 kg/s
During an experiment on Charles Law, the
volume of gas trapped in the apparatus was
10000 mm3 when the temperature was 18 C.
The temperature of the gas was then raised
to 85 C. Determine the new volume of gas
trapped in the apparatus if the pressure
exerted on the gas remained constant.
A. 12302.1 mm3
B. 70833.33 mm3
C. 8128.49 mm3
D. 2117.64 mm3
Specific volume is the number of cubic
meters of mixture per kilogram of dry
air. If dry air has these following
properties: Ra = 287 J/kg-K T = 303 K
Pa = 99.604 kPa. Solve for specific
volume.
A. 0.873 m3/kg
B. 0.953 m3/kg
C. 0.853 m3/kg
D. 0.783 m3/kg
At a pressure of 60 F, a motorbike tire
is inflated to 33 psig. As it is driven
along the C-5 road, the temperature
rise to 76 F. Assuming the volume
remains constant. Determine the final
gauge pressure.
A. 34.47 psig
B. 35.00 psig
C. 49.17 psig
D. 34.30 psig
Steam enters a turbine stage with an
enthalpy of 3700 kJ/kg and a velocity of
80 m/s and leaves with an enthalpy of
2864 kJ/kg with a velocity of 128 m/s. If
the rate of a steam flow through the
turbine if 0.44 kg/s, what is the work
done in kW?
A. 365 kW
B. 366.0 kW
C. 365.64 kW
D. 366.50 kW
A car engine with a power output of 65
hp has a thermal efficiency of 24%.
Determine the fuel consumption rate of
this car if the fuel has a heating value
of 19,000 BTU/lbm.
A. 36.28 lb/hr
B. 37.28 lb/hr
C. 37.28 lb/hr
D. 35.30 lb/hr
A Carnot cycle uses nitrogen (k =
1.399) as the working substance. The
heat supplied is 54 kJ and the adiabatic
expansion ratio is 10. Determine the
heat rejected.
A. 10 kJ
B. 21.6 kJ
C. 32.4 kJ
D. 54 kJ
A tank contains20 kg of air at 200 kPa
(gage) and 23 C. During heating process the
temperature of air rises. For safety purposes
a technician installed a relief-type valve so
that pressure of air inside the tank never
exceed 260 kPa (gage). At what air
temperature the relief valve will start
releasing air?
A. 112 C
B. 82 C
C. 92 C
D. 102 C
An air compressor takes in 9 kg/min of air at
98 kPa; v1 = 0.125 m3/kg and discharges it
at 680 kPa; v2 = 0.03 m3/kg. The increase of
internal energy is 93 kJ/kg and the work
done on air is 163 kJ/kg; the change in
potential and kinetic energy are neglected.
How much heat is transferred per kg of air?
A. 264.15 kJ/kg
B. 288.65 kJ/kg
C. 61.85 kJ
D. 78.15 kJ/kg
During a reversible process there are
abstracted 317 kJ/s from 1.134 kg/s of a
certain gas while the temperature remains
constant at 26.7 C. For this gas cp = 2.232
and cv = 1.1713 kJ/kg-K. The initial pressure
is 586 kPa. Determine the final volume flow
rate.
A. 0.301 m3/s
B. 0.5 m3/s
C. 0.03 m3/s
D. 0.05 m3/s
An inventor claims to have developed a
refrigeration unit which maintains the
refrigerated space at 20 F within a room
where the temperature is 80 F. he claims a
coefficient of performance of at least 7.50.
How do you evaluate this claim?

A. no data available to evaluate the

claim
B. possible
C. impossible
D. more observation are required
A 200 mm x 300 mm ammonia water cooled
compressor at 1200 rpm receives refrigerant
at 200 kPa, -10 C, h = 1442 kJ/kg, 619.9
L/kg specific volume and is compressed to a
final pressure and h = 1759 kJ/kg, k of
ammonia is 1.12. For a mass of 1 kg/s of
ammonia. Calculate the work of the
compressor in horsepower.
A. 317
B. 713
C. 425
D. 524
A manufacturer of Carnot refrigerators has the
choice of varying either the evaporator
temperature T1 = 250 K or the condenser
temperature T2 = 500 K by plus or minus 25 K; no
restrictions are placed on the operating
temperatures. In the best interest of economy,
what would you recommend to this manufacturer?
A. fix the temperature of condenser and increase the
temperature of the evaporator by 25 K
B. fix the temperature of condenser and decrease the
temperature of the evaporator by 25 K
C. fix the temperature of evaporator and increase the
temperature of the condenser by 25 K
D. fix the temperature of evaporator and increase the
temperature of the condenser by 25 K
A creamery must cool 40,000 liters of milk
received each day from initial temperature of
20 C to final temperature of 2 C in 10 hours.
If the refrigeration losses amount to 30% of
the cooling load, what must be the capacity
of the refrigerating machine if the specific
heat of milk is 0.93 BTU/lb-R and SG = 1.15
A. 33 TR
B. 43TR
C. 38 TR
D. 48 TR
A refrigeration system produces 250
BTU/lb of cooling. In order to have a
rating of one tone of refrigeration, what
mass of refrigerant shall be used in the
refrigeration system?
A. 1152 lb/day
B. 180 lb/hr
C. 1920 lb/day
D. 360 lb/hr
Express 10 tons of refrigeration in
CHU/hr.

A. 840
B. 2257
C. 970.3
D. 66,666.67
A standard vapor compression refrigeration
system requires a compressor work 5 kW.
The condenser releases 15 kJ.s of heat.
Determine the amount of air to be
conditioned if the decrease in enthalpy at
the air conditioning unit is 50 kJ/kg.

A. 0.40
B. 0.60
C. 0.20
D. 0.80
The refrigerant load of vapor
compression refrigeration system is 50
kJ/kg. The COP is 6. The enthalpy of
the refrigerant leaving the compressor
is 85 kJ/kg. Determine the enthalpy
entering the compressor.
A. 72 kJ/kg
B. 83 kJ/kg
C. 77 kJ/kg
D. 88 kJ/kg
A 3-hp refrigerator of heat pump
operates between 0 F and 100 F. the
maximum theoretical heat that can be
transferred from the hot reservoir is
nearest to:
A. 76 000 BTU/hr
B. 23 000 BTU/hr
C. 13 000 BTU/hr
D. 43 000 BTU/hr
What is the enthalpy of a refrigerant
entering the compressor in kJ/kg if the
COP of the refrigeration system is 4.80
and the compressor work is 207.30
kJ/kg? The enthalpy at the entrance of
the evaporator is 58.20 kJ/kg.
A. 1035.24 kJ/kg
B. 1520. 42 kJ/kg
C. 1043.25 kJ/kg
D. 1053.24 kJ/kg
A refrigeration system operates on an ideal
vapor compression using R-12 with a
saturated temperature -1.1 C (hg = 351.003
kJ/kg) and a liquid R-12 temperature at 30 C
(hf = 288.54 kJ/kg). What is the mass flow
rate of the refrigerant if the refrigerating
capacity is 1.776 TR in kg/s?
A. 0.40 kg/s
B. 0.20 kg/s
C. 0.30 kg/s
D. 0.10 kg/s
Ten gallons per minute of cooling water
undergo an 8 C temperature rise during
passage through a shell and tube
condenser. If the refrigerant flow rate is 3
kg/min and the tons of refrigeration is 5.15,
what is the work of isentropic compression
in kJ/kg?
A. 40
B. 70
C. 60
D. 80
A businessman after feasibility study found
out that the ice consumption of his locality to
be 48,000 kg of ice per day. He wants to
manufacture ice at -10 C from water
available at 25 C. The estimated COP of the
refrigeration system is 3.20. Determine the
capacity of the compressor in hp.
A. 207
B. 107
C. 80
D. 190
In a process carried out on a closed
system, the work transferred into the
system was 4200 kJ and the increase
in the total energy of the system was
3500 kJ. Determine the heat
transferred.
A. -700 KJ
B. -7700 KJ
C. 7700 KJ
D. 700 KJ
Determine the atmospheric pressure at
a location where the barometric reading
is 740 mm hg and the gravitational
acceleration is g = 9.81 m/s2. Assume
the temperature of mercury to be 10 C,
at which its density is 13,570 kg/m3.
A. 99.7 KPa
B. 101.325 KPa
C. 98.5 KPa
D. 97.5 KPa
A fluid in a cylinder is at a pressure of
700 kN/m2. It is expanded at a constant
pressure from a volume of 0.28 m3.
Determine the work done.

A. 960 KJ
B. 955 KJ
C. 1000 KJ
D. 980 KJ
An iron block weighs 7 Newtons and
has a volume of 200 cubic centimeters.
What is the density of the block?

A. 3465 kg/m3
B. 3565 kg/m3
C. 1255 kg/m3
D. 2550 kg/m3
If the density of the gas is 0.003 slugs
per cubic foot, what is the specific
weight of the gas?

A. 9.04 N/m3
B. 15.2 N/m3
C. 76.3 N/m3
D. 98.2 N/m3
The specific gravity of mercury relative
to water is 13.55. What is the specific
weight of mercury? (The specific weight
of water is 62.4 lbf per cubic foot).

A. 82.2 kN/m3
B. 102.3 kN/m3
C. 132.9 kN/m3
D. 150.9 kN/m3
If the specific weight of a liquid is 58.5
lbf per cubic foot, what is the specific
volume of the liquid?

A. 0.5321 cm3/g
B. 0.6748 cm3/g
C. 0.9504 cm3/g
D. 1.0675 cm3/g
Which of the following are not units of
pressure?

A. Pa
B. bars
C. kg/m.s2
D. kg/m2
A cylinder weighs 150 lbf. Its cross-
sectional area is 40 square inches.
When the cylinder stands vertically on
one end, what pressure does the
cylinder exert on the floor?

A. 14.1 kPa
B. 25.8 kPa
C. 63.2 kPa
D. 89.7 kPa
What pressure is a column of water
100 cm high equivalent to?

A. 9810 dyne/cm2
B. 9810 N/m2
C. 0.1 bars
D. 0.1 atm
Water is flowing in a pipe with a radius
of 10” at a velocity of 5 m/s. At the
temperature in the pipe, the density and
viscosity of the water are as follows: ρ =
997.9 kg/m3 µ = 1.121 Pa.s. What is the
Reynold’s number for this situation?
A. 44.1
B. 88.2
C. 1140
D. 2241
What is the flow rate through a pipe 4”
in diameter carrying water at a velocity
of 11 ft/s?

A. 27,200 cm3/s
B. 726 cm3/s
C. 993 cm3/s
D. 19,200 cm3/s
How long must a current of 5.0
amperes pass through a 10 ohm
resistor until a charge of 1200
coulombs passes through?

A. 1 min
B. 2 min
C. 3 min
D. 4 min
A car moving at 70 km/hr has a mass of
1700 kg. What force is necessary to
decelerate it at rate of 40 cm/s2?

A. 0.680 N
B. 42.5 N
C. 680 N
D. 4250 N
One hundred millimeters of water in a
plastic bag of negligible mass is to be
catapulted upwards with an initial
acceleration of 20.0 m/s2. What force is
necessary to do this? Assume that
gravity is 9.81 m/s2 and the density of
water is 1 g/cm3.
A. 2.00 N
B. 2.98 N
C. 15.0 N
D. 2.00 KN
A boy pulls a sled with a mass of 20 kg
horizontally over a surface with a
coefficient of friction of 0.20. It takes
him 10 minutes to pull the sled 100
yards. What is the average power
output over these 10 minutes?
A. 4W
B. 6W
C. 8W
D. 10 W
A force of 200 lbf acts on a block at an
angle of 28o with respect to the
horizontal. The block is pushed 2 feet
horizontally. What is the work done by
this force?
A. 215 J
B. 320 J
C. 480 J
D. 540 J
Two particles collide, stick together,
and continue their motion together.
Each particle has a mass of 10 g, and
their respective velocities before the
collision were 10 m/s and 100 m/s.
what is the energy of the system after
the collision?
A. 21.8 J
B. 30.2 J
C. 42.8 J
D. 77.9 J
Two protons, each of charges 1,6 x 10
-19
coulomb are 3.4 micrometers apart.
What is the change in the potential
energy of the protons if they are
brought 63 nanometers closer
together?
A. 6.4 x 10-29 J
B. 7.16 x 10-24 J
C. 1.28 x 10-24 J
D. 3.21 x 10-24 J
A copper bar is 90 centimeters long at
86 F. What is the increase in its length
when the bar is heated to 95 F? The
linear expansion coefficient for copper,
α, is 1.7 x 10-51/C.
A. 2.12 x 10-5 m
B. 3.22 x 10-5 m
C. 5.25 x 10-5 m
D. 7.65 x 10-5 m
A slab of iron with temperature, Tl1 = 48 C is used
to heat a flat glass plate that has an initial
temperature of Tg1 = 18 C. Assuming no heat is
lost to the environment, and the masses are m1
=0.40 g for the slab and mg = 310 g for the plate,
what is the amount of heat transferred when the
two have reached equal temperatures? Assume c1
= 0.11 kcal/kg-C for iron and cg = 0.20 kcal/kg-C
for glass.
A. 860 cal
B. 32 kcal
C. 53 kcal
D. 320 kcal
Calculate the energy transfer rate
across a 6” wall of firebrick with a
temperature difference across the wall
of 50 C. The thermal conductivity of
firebrick is 0.65 BTU/hr-ft-F at the
temperature of interest.
A. 112 W/m2
B. 285 W/m2
C. 369 W/m2
D. 429 W/m2
A house has brick walls 15 millimeters thick. On a
cold winter day, the temperature of the inner and
outer surfaces of the walls are measured and
found to be 20 C and -12 C, respectively. If there is
120 m2 of exterior wall space, and the thermal
conductivity of bricks is 0.711 J/m.s.C, how much
heat is lost through the walls per hour?

A. 182 J
B. 12.5 kJ
C. 655 kJ
D. 655 MJ
Air has a specific heat of 1 kJ/kg.K. If 2
BTU of energy is added to 100 g of air,
what is the change in air temperature?

A. 10.0 C
B. 21.1 C
C. 44.1 C
D. 88.2 C
Air has a specific heat (cp) of 1 kJ/kg.K. If
100 g of air are heated with 1500 W heater,
which of the following occurs?
I. The air heats up at a rate of 15 K/s
II. The air reaches a final temperature of
15000 K.
III. The air undergoes a nonisentropic
process.
A. I only
B. I and II
C. I, II and III
D. I and III
The change of enthalpy of an incompressible liquid
with constant specific hat is given by: h2 – h1 = c(T2
– T1) = v (p2 – p1) where Tn­ = temperature ar a
state nPn = pressure at state nv = specific volume
of the liquid. Water with cp = 4.18 kJ/kg.K and v =
1.00 x 10 -3 m3?/kg has the following final states:
State I: T1 = 19 C p1 = 1.013 x 10 5 Pa ; State II:
T2 = 30 C p2 = 0.113 Mpa. What is the change in
enthalpy from state I to state II?
A. 46.0 kJ/kg
B. 46.0 kN/kg
C. 46.0 kPa/kg
D. 56.0 kJ/kg
In a constant temperature, closed
system process, 100 BTU of heat is
transferred to the working fluid at 100 F.
What is the change in entropy of the
working fluid?
A. 0.18 kJ/K
B. 0.25 kJ/K
C. 0.34 kJ/K
D. 0.57 kJ/K
If a 1/3 horsepower pump runs for 20
minutes, what is the energy used?

A. 0.06 ergs
B. 0.25 kW
C. 0.30 MJ
D. 0.11 kW.h
A machine is capable of accelerating a
1 kg mass at 1 m/s2 for 1 minute. The
machine run sat 60 rpm. What is the
power output of the machine?

A. 1 erg
B. 1 cal
C. 1J
D. 1W
The power of 6 kW is supplied to the
motor of a crane. The motor has an
efficiency of 90%. With what constant
speed does the crane lift an 800lbf
weight?
A. 0.09 cm/s
B. 0.32 cm/s
C. 0.98 cm/s
D. 1.52 cm/s
An engine has an efficiency of 26%. It
uses 2 gallons of gasoline per hour.
Gasoline has a heating value of 20,500
BTU/lbm and a specific gravity of 0.8.
What is the power output of the
engine?
A. 0.33 KW
B. 20.8 KW
C. 26.0 KW
D. 41.7 KW
Two liters of an ideal gas, at a temperature
of T1 = 25 C and a pressure of P1 = 0.101
MPa, are in a 10 cm diameter cylinder with a
piston at one end. The piston is depressed
so that the cylinder is shortened by 10
centimeters. The temperature increases by
2 C. What is the change in pressure?
A. 0.156 MPa
B. 0.167 MPa
C. 0.251 MPa
D. 0.327 MPa
The average power output of a cylinder in a
combustion engine is given by: P= pLAN where p =
average pressure on the piston during the stroke, L =
length of the piston stroke A = area of the piston head
N = number strokes per second. An 8-cylinder engine
has the following specifications at optimum speed: p =
283 kPa L = 14 cm d = diameter of piston head = 12
cm N = 1500 strokes/min. What is the average power
output of this engine?
A. 89.5 N/s
B. 89.5 kW
C. 89.5 x 103 J m/s
D. 89.5 kJ
What is the power required to transfer
97,000 coulombs of change through a
potentials rise of 50 volts in one hour?

A. 0.5 kW
B. 0.9 kW
C. 1.3 kW
D. 2.8 kW
A current of 7 amperes passes through
a 12 ohm resistor. What is the power
dissipated rise in the resistor?

A. 84 W
B. 0.59 hp
C. 0.79 hp
D. 7 hp
A surface tension force, σ, of water in
air is approximately 0.00518 lbf/ft. If the
atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psia,
what is the pressure inside a droplet
0.01” in diameter?
A. 14.53 psia
B. 14.70 psia
C. 14.87 psia
D. 14.78 psia
What is the pressure at a point A in the
tank if h = 2 feet? (g = 32.3 ft/s2, and ρ
= slug/ft3)

A. 75 lbf/ft2
B. 85 lbf/ft2
C. 100 lbf/ft2
D. 125 lbf/ft2
Determine the average velocity through a
circular section in which the velocity
distribution is given as v = vmax [1- (r/ro)2 ].
The distribution is symmetric with respect to
the longitudinal axis, r = 0. ro is the outer
radius, vmax, is the velocity along the
longitude axis.
A. Vmax/4
B. Vmax/3
C. Vmax/2
D. Vmax
A pipe has a diameter of 4” at section
AA, and a diameter of 2” at section BB.
For an ideal fluid flow, the velocity is
given as 1 ft/s at section AA. What is
the flow velocity at section BB?
A. 4 ft/sec
B. 0.5 ft/sec
C. 1.0 ft/sec
D. 2.0 ft/sec
A mixing tank mixes two inlet streams
containing slat. The salt concentration in
stream 1 is 5% by weight, and the stream 2
it is 15% by weight. Stream 1 flows at 25
kg/s, and stream 2 flows at 10 kg/s. There is
only one exit stream. Find the salt
concentration in the exit stream.
A. 5%
B. 8%
C. 11 %
D. 13 %
Water is pumped at 1 m3/s to an elevation of 5
meters through a flexible hose using a 100%
efficient pump rated at 100 kilowatts. Using the
same length of hose, what size motor us needed
to pump 1 m3/s of water to a tank with no elevation
gain? In both cases both ends of the hose are at a
temperature pressure. Neglect kinetic energy
effects.
A. 51 kW
B. 22 kW
C. 36 kW
D. 43 kW
What is the actual volumetric flow rate
for the discharge of the tank shown?
The coefficient of contraction for the
orifice us 0.61, and the coefficient of
velocity is 0.98.

A. 6.78 ft3/sec
B. 6.92 ft3/sec
C. 9.79 ft3/sec
D. 11.34 ft3/sec
The upper plate is fixed, while the lower
plate moves in the positive x direction
at 0.5 m/s. The plate separation is
0.001 m, the fluid viscosity is 0.7cp,
and the velocity profile is linear.
Calculate the shear txy , in the moving
fluid.
A. 0.05 Pa
B. 0.15 Pa
C. 0.25 Pa
D. 0.35 Pa
Calculate the Reynolds number, Re, for
water at 20 C flowing in an open channel.
The water flowing at a volumetric rate of 200
gal/sec. The channel has a height of 4 feet
and a width of 8 feet. At this temperature,
water has a kinetic viscosity of 1.104 x 10-5
ft2/sec.
A. 600,000
B. 800,000
C. 1.0 x 106
D. 1.2 x 106
A fluid with a kinetic viscosity of 2.5 x
10-5 ft2/sec is flowing at 0.1 ft/sec from
an orifice 3” in diameter. How can the
fluid be described?
A. The fluid is completely turbulent.
B. The fluid is laminar.
C. The fluid is in transition zone.
D. Turbulent cannot be calculated, it
must be measured
The Reynolds number of a sphere
falling in air is 1 x 106. If the sphere’s
radius is 1 ft, what is the velocity? (ρair =
0.00234 slug/ft3, µair = 3.8 x 10-7 lbf-
sec/ft2)
A. 2.5 ft/sec
B. 5.1 ft/sec
C. 40.6 ft/sec
D. 81.2 ft/sec
From the Blasius solution for laminar
boundary layer flow, the average
coefficient of skin friction is cf­ =
1.328/√Re . If air flowing past a 33 feet
long plate at a velocity of 100 ft/sec,
what is the force on the plate?
A. 0.00114 lbf
B. 0.00344 lbf
C. 0.086 lbf
D. 0.114 lbf
Air flows past a 2” diameter sphere at
100 ft/sec. what is the drag force
experienced by the sphere given that it
has a coefficient of drag of 0.5 and that
the density of the air is 0.00234
slug/ft3?
A. 0.041 lbf
B. 0.064 lbf
C. 0.128 lbf
D. 0.244 lbf
A cylinder 10 feet long and 2 feet in
diameter is suspended in air flowing at
8 ft/sec. The density of air 0.00234
slug/ft3, and the coefficient of drag of
the sphere is 1.3. What is the drag on
the cylinder?
A. 0.311 lbf
B. 0.39 lbf
C. 1.95 lbf
D. 3.89 lbf
A coil has an inlet temperature of 70 F
and outlet of 80 F. If the mean
temperature of the coil is 130 F, find the
bypass factor of the coil.

A. 0.28
B. 1.20
C. 0.82
D. 0.83
Compute the pressure drop of 35 C air
flowing with a mean velocity of 5 m/s in
a circular sheet-metal duct 400 mm in
diameter and 25 m long. Use a friction
factor, f = 0.04, and ρair = 1.3799 kg/m3.

A. 431.22 Pa
B. 221.34 Pa
C. 312.24 Pa
D. 422.31 Pa