Memory: Models and Research Methods
Memory: Models and Research Methods
MODELS AND
RESEARCH
METHODS
Memory – is the means by which we
retain and draw on our past
experiences to use that information in
the present.
- As a process, memory refers to the
dynamic mechanisms associated with
storing, retaining, and retrieving
information about past experiences.
Process in Memory
ENCODING
STORAGE
RETRIEVAL
Process in Memory
a. Encoding - processes used to store information
in memory. It refers how you transform a
physical sensory input into a kind of
representation that can be placed into memory.
b. Storage - processes used to maintain
information in memory. It refers to how your
retain encoded information in memory.
c. Retrieval - processes used to get information
back out of memory. It refers on how you gain
access to information stored in memory.
Task Used in Measuring Memory
MEMORY TASKS DESCRIPTION OF WHAT EXAMPLE
THE TASKS REQUIRE
Explicit-Memory You must consciously recall Who wrote the
tasks particular information Hamlet?
Declarative- You must recall facts What is your first
knowledge tasks name?
Recall tasks You must produce a fact, a Fill-in-the-blank tests
word, or other item from
memory
Cued-Recall task You must memorize a list of paired List of pair words
items; then when you are given
one item in the pair, you must
recall the mate for that item.
Central Executive
Phonological Visuospatial
Loop Episodic Buffer Sketchpad