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Presentation On Tcp/Ip Reference Model

This presentation provides an overview of the TCP/IP reference model. It discusses the history and development of TCP/IP, including its creation by DARPA in the 1960s-1970s. It describes the four layers of the TCP/IP model: the host-to-network layer, internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. It also explains the differences between the TCP and IP protocols and their roles in data transmission. Finally, it notes some demerits of the TCP/IP model and concludes that TCP/IP will continue to be widely used due to its improvements and reliability.

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Rosemelyne Wartde
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4K views

Presentation On Tcp/Ip Reference Model

This presentation provides an overview of the TCP/IP reference model. It discusses the history and development of TCP/IP, including its creation by DARPA in the 1960s-1970s. It describes the four layers of the TCP/IP model: the host-to-network layer, internet layer, transport layer, and application layer. It also explains the differences between the TCP and IP protocols and their roles in data transmission. Finally, it notes some demerits of the TCP/IP model and concludes that TCP/IP will continue to be widely used due to its improvements and reliability.

Uploaded by

Rosemelyne Wartde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRESENTATION ON

TCP/IP REFERENCE MODEL

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF


MS.KHUSHBOO CHEETU
LECTURER,COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, INDO GLOBAL COLLEGE
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
ENGINEERING IN CSE (4yrs)
submitted by
Ms. ROSEMELYNE WARTDE Roll-no:L-14229 Sem:5 TH/2016
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE &ENGINEERING
INTRODUCTION
 TCP/IP is a set of protocols developed to allow cooperating
computers to share resources across a network.
 It becomes the language of the internet.
 TCP/IP are two protocols: Transmission Control Protocols
and Internet Protocols.
 These two protocols describe the movement of data.
 TCP/IP offers a simple naming and addressing scheme.
 The TCP corresponds to the transport layer, whereas IP
matches the network layer of the OSI model.
 Internet Protocol is connectionless.
 Using TCP protocol, a single large message is divided into a
sequence of packets
HISTORY OF TCP/IP
 TCP/IP is the world's oldest data transmission protocol.
 The IP suite resulted from research and development
conducted by the DARPA in the late 1960s.
 In 1972, Robert E. Kahn joined the DARPA Information
Processing Technology Office.
 In the spring of 1973, Vinton Cerf, joined Kahn to work on
open-architecture interconnection models with the goal of
designing the next protocol generation for the ARPANET.
 The protocol was implemented as the Transmission Control
Program (TCP), first published in 1974.
 The Transmission Control Program was split into two
distinct protocols.
 A computer called a router is provided with an interface to
each network.
FUNCTION OF TCP/IP

 TCP/IP is divided into two protocols: the TCP suite and the
IP suite.
 The TCP suite processes and handles data from
applications, while the IP suite is designed to accommodate
the transmission and receipt of application data across a
network.
 The TCP/IP is a combination of four different layers.
 TCP/IP tells the computer how to put together data
packets.
 The TCP/IP protocols determine how the information is
sent.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TCP AND IP

 The TCP/IP protocol relies on a series of steps, or layers, to


prepare, transmit and receive data.
 Internet protocol is responsible for transmitting data to the
physical layer of the network.
 TCP adds a header to the data. This header consists of 20 octets
transmitted in 32-bit increments of four octets each.
 Like TCP, it adds a header to the data, or a string of 32 octets
grouped in 32-bit increments called the IP address.
 On the receiving end, TCP unpacks the data and sends it
through the system to the application that is being used.
 After the IP layer is complete, the information goes to the
Network Access layer which then packages the data for final
transmission.
TCP/IP REFERENCE MODEL
DESCRIPTION OF TCP/IP MODEL
 HOST TO NETWORK LAYER:
 It is the lowest layer.
 The host has to connect to the network using some
protocols, so that it can sent the IP packets over it.

 INTERNET LAYER:
 Top layer is called internet layer.
 It allows the host to insert packets into any network, and
then makes them travel to the destination.
 TRANSPORT LAYER:
 The layer above the internet layer is called transport layer.
 It allows the peer entities of the source and destination to
converse with each other.
 The end to end protocols are TCP and UDP.

 APPLICATION LAYER:
 The layer on top of transport layer is called application
layer.
 It provides service that can be used by other application.
 Some of important protocols are SMTP, FTP, HTTP etc.
DEMERITS OF TCP/IP

 It does not clearly distinguish the concept of service,


interface and protocols.
 It is not at all general.
 The host to host layer is not a layer at all in the normal
sense.
 It does not even mention the physical and data link layer.
CONCLUSION

 TCP/IP is the older of the two approaches to data


communication and is very well established.
 The OSI model is a proven concept that can be used as a
base to apply to most new applications or at least
considered when improving or building current
infrastructure.
 It will be continually used as a guideline for years to come
for all communications applications.
 TCP/IP will continue to dominate the net due to its constant
improvements and relatively low failure rate.
THANK YOU

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