Scribd
Upload
198 views16 pages

Cayley-Hamilton Theorem: Unit I: Matrices-II

The document discusses the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, which states that every square matrix satisfies its own characteristic equation. It provides examples of using the theorem to verify it for matrices and to find higher powers of matrices by expressing them in terms of the matrix and the identity matrix using the characteristic equation.

Uploaded by

satyajit atale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
198 views16 pages

Cayley-Hamilton Theorem: Unit I: Matrices-II

The document discusses the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, which states that every square matrix satisfies its own characteristic equation. It provides examples of using the theorem to verify it for matrices and to find higher powers of matrices by expressing them in terms of the matrix and the identity matrix using the characteristic equation.

Uploaded by

satyajit atale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Unit I : Matrices-II

Cayley-Hamilton Theorem

Faculty of Mathematics
Department of First Year Engineering
• 
Cayley-Hamilton Theorem
• Statement: Every square matrix satisfies its own characteristic
equation.
• If the characteristic equation of matrix A of order n is

Then,
•Method
  to find by using Cayley-Hamilton theorem

We have . . . . (1)
Multiply by ,

Note: If m be a positive integer such that , then multiplying (1) by we get

Which shows that any positive integer power (m>n) of A is linearly


expressible in terms of lower powers of A.
•Steps
  to apply Cayley-Hamilton theorem

Step-1: Find Characteristic equation of matrix


Step-2: By Caley-Hamiltn theorem as every matrix satisfies its own
Characteristic equation Replace 𝜆 by matrix A in
Characteristic equation
i. for matrix
ii. For matrix
• 
Example: Verify Cayley-Hamilton Theorem for
and use it to find and
Solution : Consider Characteristic equation of A,
i.e.

Where

=9

The characteristics equation of A is


•By  using Cayley-Hamilton Theorem we have,
. . . . . (1)
here ,
From equation (1)
LHS=

=5+9

= =RHS Hence Cayley-Hamilton theorem is verified


•To  find multiply equation (1) by A

=
•To  find multiply equation (1) by

=
• 
Example: Verify Cayley-Hamilton Theorem for
and use it to find
Solution : Consider Characteristic equation of A,
i.e.

Where

The characteristics equation of A is


•By  using Cayley-Hamilton Theorem we have,
=0. . . (1)
here ,
From equation (1)
LHS=

=+8

= =RHS Hence Cayley-Hamilton theorem is verified


•To  find multiply equation (1) by

=
To simplify the expression

You might also like