Scribd
Upload
243 views

Latin Square Design: Arif Rahman

Latin square design is an experimental design that eliminates two nuisance sources of variability by systematically blocking in two directions. It involves arranging treatments in a square layout so that each treatment occurs once in each row and column. Statistical analysis of a Latin square design involves checking that model assumptions like normality of residuals are met. Replication and crossover designs can be used to increase power when using a Latin square design.

Uploaded by

Moh. Khafid Ridlo Pratama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
243 views

Latin Square Design: Arif Rahman

Latin square design is an experimental design that eliminates two nuisance sources of variability by systematically blocking in two directions. It involves arranging treatments in a square layout so that each treatment occurs once in each row and column. Statistical analysis of a Latin square design involves checking that model assumptions like normality of residuals are met. Replication and crossover designs can be used to increase power when using a Latin square design.

Uploaded by

Moh. Khafid Ridlo Pratama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

1

Latin Square Design

ARIF RAHMAN
2

Experiments

Hypothesis/ Design of Conduct Analysis of


Conjecture Experiment Experiment Data

Refine Discussion &


the Model Conclusion
3

Elements of Design of Experiments


1. Conjecture or hypothesis
2. Response variable
3. Factors, levels and ranges
4. Treatments of factors
5. Blockings
6. Tools and methods for experiments and
measurements
7. Effect models (independent or interaction factors)
8. Replication, randomization and local factor
4

P Diagram
Controllable Factors
(x)

Noise
Output Factors
Inputs F(x,z) (y) (x)

Uncontrollable Factors Signal F(x,m,z,r) Response


(z) Factors Variables
(m) (y)

Control Scaling
Factors Factors
(z) (r)
5
Blocking Principles and Nuisance
Factors
6
Blocking Principles and Nuisance
Factors
 Blocking is a technique for dealing with nuisance factors
 A nuisance factor is a factor that probably has some
effect on the response, but it’s of no interest to the
experimenter…however, the variability it transmits to the
response needs to be minimized
 Typical nuisance factors include batches of raw material,
operators, pieces of test equipment, time (shifts, days,
etc.), different experimental units
 Many industrial experiments involve blocking (or should)
 Failure to block is a common flaw in designing an
experiment (consequences?)
7
Blocking Principles and Nuisance
Factors
 If the nuisance variable is known and controllable, we
use blocking
 If the nuisance factor is known and uncontrollable,
sometimes we can use the analysis of covariance to
remove the effect of the nuisance factor from the analysis
 If the nuisance factor is unknown and uncontrollable (a
“lurking” variable), we hope that randomization
balances out its impact across the experiment
 Sometimes several sources of variability are combined in
a block, so the block becomes an aggregate variable
8

Latin Square Design (LSD)


9

Latin Square Design (LSD)


10

Latin Square Design (LSD)


11

Latin Square Design (LSD)


Latin Square Design is a type of
experimental design to eliminate two nuisance
sources of variability by systematically
allowing blocking in two directions. The rows
and columns actually represent two
restrictions on randomization. A p X p latin
square is a square containing p rows and p
columns. There are p Latin letters that
correspond to the treatments and occur once
in each row and column.
12

Latin Square Design (LSD)


13

Latin Square Design (LSD)


14

Latin Square Design (LSD)


Randomization Alternatives of four Experimental Units
4 P4  4! 24
Random Order Experimental Units
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
A A A A A A B B B B B B
B B C C D D A A C C D D
C D B D B C C D A D A C
D C D B C B D C D A C A

Random Order Experimental Units


13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
C C C C C C D D D D D D
A A B B D D A A B B C C
B D A D A B B C A C A B
D B D A B A C B C A B A
15

Latin Square Design (LSD)


Standard Latin Square

A B C D A B C D
B C D A B A D C
C D A B C D B A
D A B C D C A B

A B C D A B C D
B D A C B A D C
C A D B C D A B
D C B A D C B A
16

Latin Square Design (LSD)


17

Statistical Analysis of the LSD


18

Statistical Analysis of the LSD


19

Statistical Analysis of the LSD


20

Model Adequacy Checking


Normal Probability Plot of the Residuals
Plot of Residuals in Time Sequence
Plot of Residuals versus Fitted Values
Plot of Residuals versus Other Variables
21
an Example: The Rocket Propellant
Experiment
22
an Example: The Rocket Propellant
Experiment
23
an Example: The Rocket Propellant
Experiment
24
an Example: The Rocket Propellant
Experiment
25

Replication of Latin Squares


26

Replication of Latin Squares


27

Replication of Latin Squares


28

Replication of Latin Squares


29

Crossover Designs
30

Crossover Designs
31

That’s all

... Any Questions ???

You might also like