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PROJECT REVIEW PRESENTATION On Seven Level Grid Connected To PV

The document summarizes a project on a single-phase seven-level grid-connected inverter for photovoltaic systems. It discusses that a multilevel inverter topology is proposed that uses a modified H-bridge with two diode embedded bidirectional switches and a novel PWM technique. It generates nearly sinusoidal voltages for power transfer from solar panels to the grid. Maximum power point tracking and current control algorithms are also implemented to optimize solar energy transfer and minimize current harmonics injected into the utility grid. Simulation results show the seven-level inverter provides better output waveforms and lower total harmonic distortion than three-level and five-level inverters.

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Karnam Thojeswar Chowdhary
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157 views17 pages

PROJECT REVIEW PRESENTATION On Seven Level Grid Connected To PV

The document summarizes a project on a single-phase seven-level grid-connected inverter for photovoltaic systems. It discusses that a multilevel inverter topology is proposed that uses a modified H-bridge with two diode embedded bidirectional switches and a novel PWM technique. It generates nearly sinusoidal voltages for power transfer from solar panels to the grid. Maximum power point tracking and current control algorithms are also implemented to optimize solar energy transfer and minimize current harmonics injected into the utility grid. Simulation results show the seven-level inverter provides better output waveforms and lower total harmonic distortion than three-level and five-level inverters.

Uploaded by

Karnam Thojeswar Chowdhary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Project Work on

Single-phase seven-level grid-connected inverter for photovoltaic


system
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:

O.varun (17f61a0253)
UNDER THE ESTEEMED GUIDANCE
OF: k.yaswanth kumar (17f61a0261)
MUNISEKHAR SADU., M.Tech,(Ph.D)., P.yugandhar (17f61a0262)
ASSOC.PROFESSOR K.thojeswar (18f65a0233)
P.venkatesh (18f65a0235)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
SIDDHARTH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)
PUTTUR,AP.
CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. SOLAR CELL & ITS WORKING
COMBINING SOLAR CELLS
PV TECHNOLOGY CLASSIFICATION
3. PV SYSTEM CONNECTED TO GRID
4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
PWM TECHNIQUE
CONTROL SYSTEM
5. CONCLUSION
6. REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION

 A single-phase grid-connected inverter is usually used for residential


or low-power applications of power ranges that are less than 10 kW.
 The topology was applied to a grid-connected photovoltaic system
with considerations for a “maximum-power-point tracker (MPPT)”
and a “current-control algorithm”.
 Here we are using modified H-bridge single-phase multilevel inverter
that has two diode embedded bidirectional switches and a novel
“pulse width modulated (PWM) technique”.
What is a solar cell?
• Solid state device that converts incident solar energy
directly into electrical energy
• Efficiencies from a few percent up to 20-30%
• No moving parts
• No noise
• Lifetimes of 20-30 years or more

Fig. Solar Cell


How Does It Work?
• The junction of dissimilar
materials (n and p type silicon)
creates a voltage
• Energy from sunlight knocks out
electrons, creating a electron and a
hole in the junction
• Connecting both sides to an
external circuit causes current to
flow
• In essence, sunlight on a solar cell
creates a small battery with
voltages typically 0.5 v. DC
Combining Solar Cells

• Solar cells can be electrically


connected in series (voltages add) or
in parallel (currents add) to give any
desired voltage and current (or
power) output since P = I x V
• Photovoltaic cells are typically sold
in modules (or panels) of 12 volts
with power outputs of 50 to 100+
watts. These are then combined into
arrays to give the desired power or
watts.
PV Technology Classification
• Mono Crystalline PV Cells • Amorphous Silicon PV Cells

• Multi Crystalline PV Cells • Poly Crystalline PV Cells


PV SYSTEM CONNECTED TO GRID
 Photo voltaic system is connected to the GRID by using the
Multilevel inverter.
 The three-level inverter can satisfy specifications through its very
high switching, but also unfortunately increase switching losses,
acoustic noise, and level of interference to other equipment.
 Multilevel inverters are promising
 have nearly sinusoidal output-voltage waveforms,

 output current with better harmonic profile,


 switching losses are lower than the conventional two-level
inverters
 Various topologies for multilevel inverters are
 diode-clamped,
 flying capacitor or multicell,
 cascaded H-bridge, and
 modified H-bridge multilevel.

 The development of a novel modified H-bridge single-phase


multilevel inverter that has two diode embedded bidirectional
switches and a novel pulse width modulated (PWM) technique
is presented.
PROPOSED MULTILEVEL INVERTER
TOPOLOGY
 The power generated by the inverter is to be delivered to the
power network, so the utility grid, rather than a load, was
used.
 The dc–dc boost converter was required because the PV arrays
had a voltage that was lower than the grid voltage.
 High dc bus voltages are necessary to ensure that power flows
from the PV arrays to the grid.
 filtering inductance Lf was used to filter the current injected
into the grid.
PWM MODULATION
 Three reference signals (Vref1, Vref2,
and Vref3) were compared with a
carrier signal (Vcarrier).
 reference signals had the same
frequency and amplitude and were in
phase with an offset value that was
equivalent to the amplitude of the
carrier signal.
 For one cycle of the fundamental
frequency, the proposed inverter
operated through six modes.
CONTROL SYSTEM
 Main tasks of the control system are
 Maximization of the energy transferred from the PV arrays to the grid,
and
 Generation of a sinusoidal current with minimum harmonic distortion,
also under the presence of grid voltage harmonics.

 The proposed inverter utilizes the perturb-and-observe (P&O)


algorithm for its wide usage in MPPT owing to its simple structure
and requirement of only a few measured parameters.
 The P&O algorithm was implemented in the dc–dc boost converter.

 PID controller was implemented to keep the output voltage of the


dc–dc boost converter (Vdc) constant.
Modeling of case study
CONCLUSION
 Multilevel inverters offer improved output waveforms and
lower THD
 The less THD in the seven-level inverter compared with that
in the five- and three-level inverters is an attractive solution
for grid-connected PV inverters.
 It can be verified by simulation process.
REFERENCES
[1] M. Calais and V. G. Agelidis, “Multilevel converters for single-phase grid
connected photovoltaic systems—An overview,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp.
Ind. Electron., 1998, vol. 1, pp. 224–229.
[2] S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, and F. Blaabjerg, “A review of single-phase
grid connected inverters for photovoltaic modules,” IEEE Trans. Ind.
Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292–1306, Sep./Oct. 2005.
[3] P. K. Hinga, T. Ohnishi, and T. Suzuki, “A new PWM inverter for
photovoltaic
power generation system,” in Conf. Rec. IEEE Power Electron.
Spec. Conf., 1994, pp. 391–395.
[4] E. Villanueva, P. Correa, J. Rodríguez, and M. Pacas, “Control of a single
phase cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter for grid-connected
photovoltaic systems,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 11, pp.
4399– 4406, Nov 2009.
THANK YOU

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